Editing Performance art (section)

===Fluxus===
{{Main|Fluxus}}
[[File:Componist John Cage , kop, Bestanddeelnr 934-3585.jpg|thumb|Portrait of [[John Cage]], 1988]]

[[Fluxus]], a Latin word that means ''flow'', is a visual arts movement related to music, literature, and dance. Its most active moment was in the 1960s and 1970s. They proclaimed themselves against the traditional artistic object as a commodity and declared themselves a sociological art movement. Fluxus was informally organized in 1962 by [[George Maciunas]] (1931–1978). This movement had representation in Europe, the United States and Japan.<ref>Simposio ''Happening, Fluxus y otros comportamientos artísticos de la segunda mitad del siglo XX''. Cáceres, 1999, Editorial Regional de Extremadura, {{ISBN|84-7671-607-9}}.</ref> The Fluxus movement, mostly developed in North America and Europe under the stimulus of [[John Cage]], did not see the avant-garde as a linguistic renovation, but it sought to make a different use of the main art channels that separate themselves from specific language; it tries to be interdisciplinary and to adopt mediums and materials from different fields. Language is not the goal, but the mean for a renovation of art, seen as a global art.<ref>''Fluxus at 50''. Stefan Fricke, Alexander Klar, Sarah Maske, Kerber Verlag, 2012, {{ISBN|978-3-86678-700-1}}.</ref> As well as [[Dada]], Fluxus escaped any attempt for a definition or categorization. As one of the movement's founders, [[Dick Higgins]], stated:

<blockquote>Fluxus started with the work, and then came together, applying the name Fluxus to work which already existed. It was as if it started in the middle of the situation, rather than at the beginning.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9feLztCuQ18 Dick Higgins on Fluxus], interviewed 1986.</ref><ref>Amongst the earliest pieces that would later be published by Fluxus were Brecht's event scores, the earliest of which dated from around 1958/9, and works such as Valoche, which had originally been exhibited in Brecht's solo show 'Toward's Events' at 1959.</ref></blockquote>

[[Robert Filliou]] places Fluxus opposite to conceptual art for its direct, immediate and urgent reference to everyday life, and turns around Duchamp's proposal, who starting from [[Found object|Ready-made]], introduced the daily into art, whereas Fluxus dissolved art into the daily, many times with small actions or performances.<ref>{{cite web|title=Fluxus|url=https://masdearte.com/movimientos/fluxus/|publisher=Masdearte.com|access-date=June 8, 2020}}</ref>

[[John Cage]] was an American composer, [[Music theory|music theorist]], artist, and philosopher. A pioneer of [[Indeterminacy (music)|indeterminacy in music]], [[electroacoustic music]], and [[Extended technique|non-standard use of musical instruments]], Cage was one of the leading figures of the post-war [[avant-garde]]. Critics have lauded him as one of the most influential composers of the 20th century.{{sfn|Pritchett|Kuhn|Garrett|2012|p= "He has had a greater impact on music in the 20th century than any other American composer."}}<ref name=obit>{{Cite news|title=John Cage, 79, a Minimalist Enchanted With Sound, Dies|first=Allan|last=Kozinn|author-link=Allan Kozinn|url=https://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/bday/0905.html|quote=John Cage, the prolific and influential composer whose Minimalist works have long been a driving force in the world of music, dance and art, died yesterday at St. Vincent's Hospital in Manhattan. He was 79 years old and lived in Manhattan.|work=The New York Times|date=August 13, 1992|access-date=July 21, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Into the Light of Things: The Art of the Commonplace from Wordsworth to John Cage |last=Leonard |first=George J. |year=1995 |publisher=University of Chicago Press |isbn=978-0-226-47253-9 |page=120 ("... when Harvard University Press called him, in a 1990 book advertisement, "without a doubt the most influential composer of the last half-century," amazingly, that was too modest.")}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Greene's Biographical Encyclopedia of Composers |last=Greene |first=David Mason |year=2007 |publisher=Reproducing Piano Roll Fnd. |isbn=978-0-385-14278-6 |page=1407 ("... John Cage is probably the most influential... of all American composers to date.")}}</ref> He was also instrumental in the development of [[modern dance]], mostly through his association with choreographer [[Merce Cunningham]], who was also Cage's romantic partner for most of their lives.<ref>Perloff, Junkerman, 1994, 93.</ref><ref>Bernstein, Hatch, 2001, 43–45.</ref>

Cage's friend [[Sari Dienes]] can be seen as an important link between the [[Abstract Expressionists]], Neo-[[Dada]] artists like [[Robert Rauschenberg]] and [[Ray Johnson]], and Fluxus. Dienes inspired all these artists to blur the lines between life, Zen, performative art-making techniques and "events," in both pre-meditated and spontaneous ways.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://whitehotmagazine.com/articles/museum-show-for-sari-dienes/5895|title=A New Book and a Museum Show for Sari Dienes|work=[[Whitehot Magazine]]|last=Bloch|first=Mark|author-link=Mark Bloch (artist)|date=July 2023|access-date=8 September 2023}}</ref>