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==Expressive loan== An expressive loan is a loanword incorporated into the expressive system of the borrowing language, making it resemble native words or [[onomatopoeia]]. Expressive loanwords are hard to identify, and by definition, they follow the common phonetic sound change patterns poorly.{{sfn|Laakso|2010}} Likewise, there is a continuum between "pure" loanwords and "expressive" loanwords. The difference to a folk etymology (or an [[eggcorn]]) is that a folk etymology is based on misunderstanding, whereas an expressive loan is changed on purpose, the speaker taking the loanword knowing full well that the descriptive quality is different from the original sound and meaning. South-eastern [[Finnish language|Finnish]], for example, has many expressive loans. The main source language, [[Russian language|Russian]], does not use the vowels 'y', 'ä' or 'ö' [y æ ø]. Thus, it is common to add these to redescriptivized loans to remove the degree of foreignness that the loanword would otherwise have. For example, ''tytinä'' "[[brawn]]" means "wobblyness",{{clarify|reason=I think it should say "can be analyzed as meaning" rather than "means" since the actually meaning is "brawn", but I don't know Finnish.|date=July 2022}} and superficially it looks like a native construction, originating from the verb ''tutista'' "to wobble" added with a front vowel sound in the [[vowel harmony]]. However, it is expressivized from ''tyyteni'' (which is a confusing word as ''-ni'' is a [[possessive suffix]]), which in turn is a loanword from Russian ''stúden'<nowiki/>''.{{sfn|Jarva|2001}} A somewhat more obvious example is ''tökötti'' "sticky, tarry goo", which could be mistaken as a derivation from the onomatopoetic word ''tök'' (cf. the verb ''tökkiä'' "to poke"). However, it is an expressive loan of Russian ''d'ogot''' "[[tar]]".{{sfn|Jarva|2003}}
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