Editing Polabian language (section)

===Verbs===
As with other inflections, complete verb paradigms cannot be reconstructed due to a lack of attestation. Below is a general overview.

====Aspect====
Verbs may be either perfective or imperfective in [[Aspect (linguistics)|aspect]], expressed by different structures of the verb stem: ''zarăt'' (imperfective) and ''vizrăt'' (perfective) (“look, see”); ''dvai̯zĕ'' (imperfective) and ''dvai̯gnǫt'' (perfective) (“to move”); ''våzdet-să'' (imperfective) and ''våzdevot-să'' (perfective) (“to dress”).{{sfn|Polański|2010|pp=122}}

====Tense====
Polabian verbs may inflect for present [[Tense (grammar)|tense]], future tense and three forms of the past tense: [[imperfect]], [[aorist]], as well as two [[Perfect (grammar)|perfect]] tenses, called perfect I and perfect II.{{sfn|Polański|2010|pp=122—125}}

The stress in present tense verbs always falls on the penultimate syllable, with the exception of verbs with enclitics, in which the stress goes to the last syllable. This type of stress explains the presence of conjugations formed with ''-ĕ-''||''-i-'' (from *''-e-'' ) and with ''-o-''||''-ă-'' (from *''-a(je)-''). The alternation in the verbs of these conjugations of full vowels and reduced vowels depends both on the presence or absence of enclitics, and on the presence of consonants or whole syllables after the vowel. The differences in the types of conjugations concern only the forms of the 1st person singular.
{|
|
{| class="wikitable" style="border-collapse: collapse;text-align:center;"
 ! style="width:100px" rowspan="2" |Person
 ! colspan="3" |Present conjugation type I (''-ĕ-'' : ''-i-'')
 |-
 ! style="width:70px" |singular
 ! style="width:70px" |plural
 ! style="width:70px" |dual	
 |-
 ! First person
 | ''-ą''
 | ''-mĕ''
 | ''–''
 |-
 ! Second person
 | ''-s''
 | ''-tĕ''
 | ''–''
 |-
 ! Third person
 | ''-Ø''
 | ''-ą''
 | ''-tă : -to''
 |}
 |valign="top"|
{| class="wikitable" style="border-collapse: collapse;text-align:center;"
 ! style="width:100px" rowspan="2" |Person
 ! colspan="3" |Present conjugation type II (''-o-'' : ''-ă-'')
 |-
 ! style="width:70px" |Singular
 ! style="width:70px" |Plural
 ! style="width:70px" |Dual 	
 |-
 ! First person
 | ''-m''
 | ''-mĕ''
 | ''–''
 |-
 ! Second person
 | ''-s''
 | ''-tĕ''
 | ''–''
 |-
 ! Third person
 | ''-Ø''
 | ''-ą''
 | ''-tă : -to''
 |}
|}

The future tense is formed by adding the auxiliary verb ''cą'' (“I want”) to the [[infinitive]] of the main verb of the present tense form: ''ci sneg ai̯t'' (“it will snow”), ''vån ci-să sḿot'' (“he will laugh”). According to T. Lehr-Spławiński, A. E. Suprun and some other scholars, forms of the future tense could also be formed with the auxiliary verb ''met'' (“to have”): ''joz mom sijot'' (“I will sew”), K. Polyansky considered the verb ''met'' in these cases is a modal verb  - “I must sew.”

The use of the imperfect ''joz tех'' (“I wanted”), ''mes'' (“had”), ''ni-băs'' (“I wasn't”) and the aorist (''sådĕ'' (“went”), ''våzą'' (“took”), ''påci'' (“fell”)) attested by a few examples.

The perfect I tense is formed by adding the past participle form with *''-lъ'' from the main verb and the present tense form of the verb “to be”: ''ją plokol'' (“cried”), ''ją våi̯ai̯dål'' (“went out”). Not many such complex perfect forms are attested, and were replaced by forms formed by combining participial forms with their corresponding personal pronouns: ''joz plokol'' (“I cried”), ''joz sijol'' (“I sat down”), ''vån jedål'' (“he ate”). The perfect II was probably formed under the influence of the perfect of the German language (formed using the verbs haben (“to have”) or sein (“to be”): ''ich habe geschrieben'' (“I wrote”)), as in Polabian it is also formed by the combination of the auxiliary verbs ''met'' (“to have”) and ''båi̯t'' (“to be”) and the passive participle: ''vån mo nodenă'' (“he found”), ''ją våpodenă'' (“fell”), ''ją ai̯ḿartĕ'' (“died”).

====Mood====
The indicative and imperative moods are attested.{{sfn|Polański|2010|pp=125}} The subjunctive mood is not found in any of the surviving texts. The imperative may be formed with a null morpheme or with ''-ai̯'', which may be followed by an enclitic: ''ai̯plot'' (“pay”), ''püd'' (“go”), ''ricai̯-mĕ'' (“tell him”), ''jimai̯'' jĕg (“catch him”), ''ai̯plotai̯- mĕ'' (“pay me”).

====Voice====
The passive voice form is formed mainly with the help of the auxiliary verb ''vardot'', borrowed from German ''werden'' (become): ''kǫsonĕ vardol'' ("was bitten"), ''vårdă zazonă'' ("was lit"). There are several examples of forms formed by combining the passive participle with the verb ''båi̯t'' (“to be”), perhaps also being forms of the passive voice. Also, forms of the passive voice are formed using reflexive verbs with the particle ''să'',: ''vinai̯ biją-să'' (“they are being hit”).

====Other verb forms====
In Polabian, forms such as the [[infinitive]], the active present [[participle]], the passive participle and the [[gerund]] are attested. T. Lehr-Spławiński, based on the fact that most infinitive forms have stress on the penultimate syllable and several other forms have stress on the last syllable, did not exclude the possibility that [[supine]] could have existed in Polabian.{{sfn|Polański|2010|pp=127}}

Infinitives are formed with ''-t'': ''voi̯vist'' (“to bring out”), ''vist'' (“to carry”).{{sfn|Lehr-Spławiński|1929|pp=220—225}}

Active participles are formed with ''-ąc-'': ''kǫ̇săjącĕ'' (“biting”), ''l'otojącă'' (“flying”).{{sfn|Lehr-Spławiński|1929|pp=217—218}}

Passive participles are formed from the verb stem using one of three suffixes: ''-tĕ'' (''-tă''), ''-nĕ'' (-nă), ''-enĕ'' (-enă): ''nopücǫ̇tă'' (“begun”), ''ai̯ḿortĕ'' (“put to death”, “killed”){{sfn|Lehr-Spławiński|1929|pp=226—229}}

Gerunds, or verbal nouns, are formed on the basis of the passive participle and extended with ''-ĕ/-ă'' (from *''-ьje''), due to the reduction of the vowel in the ending in an unstressed position, it is not always possible to distinguish between a verbal noun and a passive participle. Most often in texts, the gerund appears in the form of the nominative singular, but forms are also found in other cases, in particular in the dative: ''strai̯zinĕ'' (from the verb “to cut”), ''zomăcenă'' (from the verb “to soak”), ''vecenĕ'' (from the verb “to shout”), ''(kå) voi̯gărnińĕ'' (“to stop”, from the verb “to stop”).{{sfn|Lehr-Spławiński|1929|pp=229—230}}