Editing Prostate (section)

===Surgery===
{{Main|Prostatectomy}}

<!--Introduction-->
Surgery to remove the prostate is called prostatectomy, and is usually done as a treatment for cancer limited to the prostate, or prostatic enlargement.<ref name="Cancer=2019">{{Cite web |date=1 August 2019 |title=Surgery for Prostate Cancer |url=https://www.cancer.org/cancer/prostate-cancer/treating/surgery.html |access-date=8 August 2020 |website=www.cancer.org |publisher=The American Cancer Society medical and editorial content team |language=en}}</ref> When it is done, it may be done as [[open surgery]] or as [[laparoscopic surgery|laparoscopic (keyhole) surgery]].<ref name="Cancer=2019" /> These are done under [[general anaesthetic]].<ref name="CRUK-2019">{{Cite web |date=18 Jun 2019 |title=Surgery to remove your prostate gland {{!}} Prostate cancer {{!}} Cancer Research UK |url=https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/prostate-cancer/treatment/surgery/surgery-remove-your-prostate-gland |access-date=8 August 2020 |website=www.cancerresearchuk.org |publisher=Cancer Research UK}}</ref> Usually the procedure for cancer is a [[radical prostatectomy]], which means that the seminal vesicles are removed and the vasa deferentia are also tied off.<ref name="Cancer=2019" /> Part of the prostate can also be removed from within the urethra, called [[transurethral resection of the prostate]] (TURP).<ref name="Cancer=2019" /> Open surgery may involve a cut that is made in the [[perineum]], or via an approach that involves a cut down the midline from the belly button to the [[pubic bone]].<ref name="Cancer=2019" /> Open surgery may be preferred if there is a suspicion that lymph nodes are involved and they need to be removed or biopsied during a procedure.<ref name="Cancer=2019" /> A perineal approach will not involve lymph node removal and may result in less pain and a faster recovery following an operation.<ref name="Cancer=2019" /> A TURP procedure uses a tube inserted into the urethra via the penis and some form of heat, electricity or laser to remove prostate tissue.<ref name="Cancer=2019" />

<!--Complications-->
The whole prostate can be removed. Complications that might develop because of surgery include [[urinary incontinence]] and [[erectile dysfunction]] because of damage to nerves during the operation, particularly if a cancer is very close to nerves.<ref name="Cancer=2019" /><ref name="CRUK-2019" /> [[Ejaculation]] of [[semen]] will not occur during [[orgasm]] if the vasa deferentia are tied off and seminal vesicles removed, such as during a radical prosatectomy.<ref name="Cancer=2019" /> This will mean a man becomes [[infertile]].<ref name="Cancer=2019" /> Sometimes, orgasm may not be able to occur or may be painful. The penis length may shorten slightly if the part of the urethra within the prostate is also removed.<ref name="Cancer=2019" /> General complications due to surgery can also develop, such as [[infection]]s, [[bleeding]], inadvertent damage to nearby organs or within the abdomen, and the formation of [[blood clot]]s.<ref name="Cancer=2019" />