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Pyrolysis
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===Ethylene=== Pyrolysis is used to produce [[ethylene]], the chemical compound produced on the largest scale industrially (>110 million tons/year in 2005). In this process, hydrocarbons from petroleum are heated to around {{convert|600|C|F}} in the presence of steam; this is called [[steam cracking]]. The resulting ethylene is used to make antifreeze ([[ethylene glycol]]), PVC (via [[vinyl chloride]]), and many other polymers, such as polyethylene and polystyrene.<ref name="UllmannEthylene">{{cite book |doi=10.1002/14356007.a10_045.pub3 |chapter=Ethylene |title=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry |date=2009 |last1=Zimmermann |first1=Heinz |last2=Walzl |first2=Roland |isbn=978-3-527-30673-2 }}</ref>
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