Editing Speaking clock (section)

=== Russia ===

In 1935, Soviet Central Scientific Research Institute of Communications received a government order to design the "Speaking Clock" for [[Moscow City Telephone Network]].<ref name="musem_sci_ru">[http://media-publisher.ru/wp-content/uploads/Metod_3-2020.pdf#page=41] {{in lang|ru}} Фокина Татьяна Алексеевна «Методические вопросы преподавания инфокоммуникаций в высшей школе» // МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ ВОПРОСЫ ПРЕПОДАВАНИЯ ИНФОКОММУНИКАЦИЙ В ВЫСШЕЙ ШКОЛЕ, №3-2020</ref><ref name="mywatch_ru">[https://mywatch.ru/articles/art_380.html] {{in lang|ru}} Speaking clocks (официальный сайт журнала «Мои часы»)</ref> "Speaking Clock" was constructed based on [[cinematic techniques]]<ref name="mywatch_ru"/> and consists of discs with [[pulse-density modulation]] optical marks on photographic tapes, photocell with actuator, and audio tube amplifier.<ref name="Tekhnika_Molodezhi_ru"/> On May 14, 1937 "speaking clock" connected to Moscow City Telephone Network for test operation and it was contactable on the numbers {{langx|ru|"Г 1-98-48"}} and {{langx|ru|"Г 1-98-49"}}.<ref name="musem_sci_ru"/><ref name="mywatch_ru"/><ref name="Tekhnika_Molodezhi_ru"/> It was speaking with the recorded voice of Soviet actor and broadcaster [[Emmanuil Tobiash]].<ref name="musem_sci_ru"/><ref name="mywatch_ru"/><ref name="Tekhnika_Molodezhi_ru">[https://vk.com/doc294535159_370715438?hash=212c0e810e930c4a0d] {{in lang|ru}} "Speaking clocks", May(№5) 1937, [[Tekhnika Molodezhi]], pp. 28-29</ref> In 1937, the first cities to be equipped with this devices were Moscow and Leningrad.<ref>[https://spb.aif.ru/society/people/govoryashchie_chasy_kak_i_dlya_kogo_rabotaet_sluzhba_tochnogo_vremeni] {{in lang|ru}} [[Argumenty i Fakty]], 2018</ref>

In 1969, the first Soviet "Speaking Clock" was replaced in Moscow City Telephone Network by a magnetic tape machine.<ref name="musem_sci_ru"/><ref name="mywatch_ru"/> Old ones were transferred to the [[Polytechnic Museum]].<ref name="musem_sci_ru"/><ref name="mywatch_ru"/>

To hear the current time in [[Russia]], either 100 or 060 can be dialed, depending on the city where this service is available. These calls are free if made from non-mobile phones. In [[Moscow]], the Speaking Clock number is 100 if dialed from within the city, or +7-495-100-. . . .   from other countries (where . . . . can be any number). At one time in Moscow, there were advertisements<ref>Лебедев А.Н., Боковиков А.К. "Экспериментальная психология в российской рекламе" // М.: Академия, 1995, {{ISBN|5-7695-0001-8}}. {{in lang|ru}} pp.49-50</ref> before and after the announcement of the current time; this practice has since ceased.<ref>[https://vm.ru/society/298804-vremya-zhenskoe] Anniversary review, and reflection about the use of female and male voices, [[Vechernyaya Moskva]] {{in lang|ru}}</ref>