Editing United Nations Global Compact (section)

==Criticism==
Criticisms of the Global Compact often hinge on its choice to position itself as a voluntary organization rather than a regulatory one. Critics argue that in the absence of effective monitoring and enforcement provisions, the Global Compact fails to hold corporations accountable.<ref>Global Policy Forum Europe (ed.), [https://www.scribd.com/doc/17222782/Global-Compact-Alternative-Hearing-2007 Whose partnership for whose development? Corporate accountability in the UN system beyond the Global Compact], speaking notes of a hearing at the United Nations, 4 July 2007.</ref> Moreover, these critics argue that companies could potentially misuse the Global Compact as a public relations instrument for "[[bluewashing]]".<ref name="McIntosh">{{cite book |last1=McIntosh |first1=Malcolm |last2=Waddock |first2=Sandra |last3=Kell |first3=Georg |title=Learning To Talk: Corporate Citizenship and the Development of the UN Global Compact |date=29 September 2017 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-351-28115-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8G1QDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA316 |language=en}}</ref><ref>Bruno. K. and Karliner. J., [http://www.corpwatch.org/article.php?id=996 "Tangled Up In Blue: Corporate Partnerships at the United Nations"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170208041224/http://www.corpwatch.org/article.php?id=996 |date=8 February 2017 }}, 2000.</ref> Bluewashing refers to the alleged practice of companies claiming their membership or participation in philanthropic and charity-based activity as an excuse, and perhaps as an entry door to increase corporate influence upon international organizations.<ref>Knight. G. and Smith. J., [https://www.scribd.com/doc/17030875/The-Global-Compact-and-its-critics "The Global Compact and Its Critics: Activism, Power Relations, and Corporate Social Responsibility"], in Discipline and Punishment in Global Politics: Illusions of Control, 2008.</ref>  Peter Utting, deputy director of UNRISD, and Ann Zammit emphasize the importance of critically examining UN-Business Partnerships.<ref name="Utting">{{cite journal |last1=Utting |first1=Peter |last2=Zammit |first2=Ann |title=United Nations-Business Partnerships: Good Intentions and Contradictory Agendas |journal=Journal of Business Ethics |date=1 May 2009 |volume=90 |issue=1 |pages=39–56 |doi=10.1007/s10551-008-9917-7 |s2cid=153695974 |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10551-008-9917-7 |language=en |issn=1573-0697|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

Critics have included an informal network known as Global Compact Critics that cited a lack of mechanisms for sanctioning non-compliance or lack of progress.<ref name="Rasche">{{cite book |last1=Rasche |first1=Andreas |last2=Kell |first2=Georg |title=The United Nations Global Compact: Achievements, Trends and Challenges |date=16 June 2010 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-14553-4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5jxlPRKnh3AC&pg=PA261 |language=en}}</ref> The Global Compact Critics formally disbanded in February 2015.<ref name="Bardy">{{cite book |last1=Bardy |first1=Roland |last2=Rubens |first2=Arthur |last3=Saner |first3=Raymond |last4=Yiu |first4=Lichia |title=Public Goods, Sustainable Development and the Contribution of Business |date=18 February 2021 |publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing |isbn=978-1-5275-6625-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wxAfEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA187 |language=en}}</ref> Similarly, the Alliance for a Corporate-Free UN, which also no longer exists, was a campaigning organization led by Corpwatch that highlighted weaknesses in the principles underlying the Global Compact.<ref name="Bunn">{{cite journal |last1=Bunn |first1=Isabella D. |title=Global Advocacy for Corporate Accountability: Translantic Perspectives from the NGO Community |journal=American University International Law Review |date=2004 |volume=19 |issue=6 |pages=1265–1306 |url=https://digitalcommons.wcl.american.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1182&context=auilr}}</ref> The Global Compact was  also criticized by Maude Barlow, senior adviser on water issues to the President of the United Nations General Assembly in December 2008, for bluewashing.<ref>{{cite web |title=Internal Dissent at the U.N: Water Advisor vs. Global Compact |url=https://businessethicsblog.com/2008/12/22/internal-dissent-at-the-u-n-water-advisor-vs-global-compact/ |website=The Business Ethics Blog |access-date=17 July 2023 |language=en |date=22 December 2008}}</ref>

While the  Global Compact does expel members, this is generally done in response to failure to register reports with the organization, rather than in response to an organization's broader actions. For example, Leaders of the tribe Ayoreo Indians in [[Paraguay]] wrote to the UN Global Compact saying they are "concerned and frustrated" by its inclusion of a controversial Brazilian ranching company, Yaguarete Porá. The company has been charged and fined for illegally clearing the Ayoreo's forests and concealing evidence of uncontacted Ayoreo living there. The Ayoreo asked that the company be expelled from the Global Compact.<ref>{{cite news |title=UN fails uncontacted Indians |url=https://www.survivalinternational.org/news/7443 |work=International Survival |date=July 5, 2011 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Cheeseman">{{cite news |last1=Cheeseman |first1=Gina-Marie |title=UN Global Compact Expels Thousands of Companies |url=https://www.triplepundit.com/story/2012/un-global-compact-expels-thousands-companies/68436 |work=TriplePundit |date=Feb 16, 2012}}</ref><ref name="Dickens">{{cite news |last1=Dickens |first1=Amy |title=Selling Modernity: How Global Greenwashing is Destroying Tribal People |url=https://www.counterpunch.org/2015/09/25/selling-modernity-how-global-greenwashing-is-destroying-tribal-people/ |work=CounterPunch.org |date=25 September 2015}}</ref> The Brazilian Vale mining company withdrew from the UN Global Compact after civil society groups demanded that it be delisted.<ref name="Carby-Hall">{{cite journal |last1=Carby-Hall |first1=Jo |title=Multinationals, SMEs and Non-Profit Organisations participating in the UN Global Compact |journal=Lex Social: Revista de Derechos Sociales |date=8 July 2020 |volume=10 |issue=2 |pages=130–173 |doi=10.46661/lexsocial.5067 |s2cid=225794008 |url=|doi-access=free }}</ref>