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==Heritage== The heritage of the Almaz space station program continues into the present, as in the International Space Station and in the [[Tianhe core module]] of the [[Tiangong space station]]. ===DOS space station cores=== {{main|Salyut programme}} The DOS (Durable Orbital Station) space station core modules were based on the Almaz-OPS hull design, which was mated by [[Sergei Korolev]]'s organization [[Energia (corporation)#History|OKB-1]] with their own Soyuz-derived subsystems. OKB-1 was at that time in competition with the designer of the Almaz, Vladimir Chelomei's organization OKB-52, and was thereby able to short-cut the development time for the first space station and beat OKB-52, which had started design work much earlier.<ref name="grahn-salyut-1">{{Cite web |last=Grahn |first=Sven |title=Salyut-1, its origin, flights to it and radio tracking thereof |url=http://www.svengrahn.pp.se/trackind/salyut1/salyut1.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231128133453/http://www.svengrahn.pp.se/trackind/salyut1/salyut1.html |archive-date=November 28, 2023 }}</ref> DOS space station cores derived since 1971 from the Almaz-OPS hull design include: * DOS-1, which formed the basis for [[Salyut 1]] space station, in 1971 the first space station in the history of space flight * DOS-5 and DOS-6, the cores for the long lived [[Salyut 6]] and [[Salyut 7]] space stations * DOS-7, the [[Mir Core Module]] for the [[Mir|Mir space station]], the first modular space station * DOS-8, the [[Zvezda (ISS module)|Zvezda "Service Module"]] for the [[International Space Station]], {{As of|2025|lc=y}} still in use ===Functional Cargo Block (FGB)=== {{main|Functional Cargo Block}} The FGB was a standalone spacecraft which was intended to function as a resupply craft for the Almaz space stations. The "functional" section of the name is representative of the fact that the FGB provided electrical power, propulsion, guidance, and docking. Cargo was presented as a large cargo bay accessible by the crew, as well as external fuel tanks. Other types of FGB existed, as it was a broad classification rather than a specific type of module. FGB-based vehicles include Transport Logistics Spacecraft (Russian Acronym: TKS) (1976-1983), Space Station modules (1985-present), and space tugs (1987-present)<ref name="nasa-mir-heritage">{{Cite tech report |last=Portree |first=David S. F. |url=https://www.hq.nasa.gov/pao/History/SP-4225/documentation/mhh/mirheritage.pdf |title=Mir Hardware Heritage |date=March 1995 |id=NASA Reference Publication 1357 |access-date=January 23, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230512043407/https://www.hq.nasa.gov/pao/History/SP-4225/documentation/mhh/mirheritage.pdf |archive-date=May 12, 2023 |url-status=live }}</ref> The modules based on the DOS design are not the only heritage of the Almaz program still in use: The habitat, propulsion and service module of the TKS spacecraft, the so-called Functional Cargo Block (FGB), went on to become the core of many Soviet and Russian space station modules.<ref name="RSWtks">{{Cite web |last=Zak |first=Anatoly |title=TKS transport ship 11F72 |url=https://www.russianspaceweb.com/tks.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120817070740/http://www.russianspaceweb.com/tks.html |archive-date=August 17, 2012 |access-date=August 30, 2012 |website=RussianSpaceWeb.com }}</ref> The FGB-based [[Kvant-1]] module of the Mir space station was the first space station module of its kind, and the [[Zarya (ISS module)|Zarya]] Functional Cargo Block, which is {{As of|2018|lc=y}} still in use on the [[International Space Station]]. ===Excalibur Almaz=== {{main|Excalibur Almaz}} The [[private spaceflight]] company [[Excalibur Almaz]] bought the two partially completed Almaz-205 and Almaz-206 space station hulls from the Russian [[NPO Mashinostroyeniya]] (the former OKB-52) with the stated intention to outfit and launch them.<ref name="rocketeers-20110108">{{Cite web |date=January 8, 2011 |title=Excalibur Almaz Space Stations arrive on the Isle of Man |url=http://www.rocketeers.co.uk/node/1218 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130610231326/http://www.rocketeers.co.uk/node/1218 |archive-date=June 10, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=okOxY-qFRAc| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200515043830/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=okOxY-qFRAc| archive-date=2020-05-15 | url-status=dead|title=Isle of Man space industry opened its doors to the world's media to show off their two space stations|author=ITV news|website=[[YouTube]]}}</ref><ref name="RSWex">{{Cite web |last=Zak |first=Anatoly |title=Almaz Excalibur |url=https://www.russianspaceweb.com/almaz_excalibur.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003054636/http://www.russianspaceweb.com/almaz_excalibur.html |archive-date=October 3, 2012 |access-date=August 30, 2012 |website=RussianSpaceWeb.com }}</ref><ref name="rsw-almaz-205">{{Cite web |last=Zak |first=Anatoly |title=Almaz-205 |url=https://www.russianspaceweb.com/almaz_0205.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120920133400/http://www.russianspaceweb.com/almaz_0205.html |archive-date=September 20, 2012 |access-date=August 30, 2012 |website=RussianSpaceWeb.com }}</ref><ref name="rsw-almaz-206">{{Cite web |last=Zak |first=Anatoly |title=Almaz-206 |url=https://www.russianspaceweb.com/almaz_0206.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120920133436/http://www.russianspaceweb.com/almaz_0206.html |archive-date=September 20, 2012 |access-date=August 30, 2012 |website=RussianSpaceWeb.com }}</ref> The Almaz-205 module is similar to the OPS-2 of the Salyut 3 station, while the Almaz-206 is closer to the OPS-3 of the Salyut 5 station.<ref>{{cite web|last=Brügge |first=Norbert |title=Excalibur Almaz Limited |url=http://www.b14643.de/Spacerockets_2/Diverse/Excalibur-Almaz/index.htm |publisher=B14643.de |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140401200542/http://www.b14643.de/Spacerockets_2/Diverse/Excalibur-Almaz/index.htm |archive-date=2014-04-01 }}</ref> In addition, Excalibur Almaz acquired four VA return capsule hulls (derived from the TKS/VA spacecraft) and plans to outfit and launch them as well: one is planned to be used in support of [[space tourism]] while the other three capsules are reserved for scientific and commercial payloads. The needed development of propulsion systems for the VA capsule was reportedly delegated to an unnamed European organization as early as 2009.<ref name=RSWex/> Excalibur Almaz {{As of|2012|01|lc=y}} postponed its first launch to 2015 to be able to include more lucrative deep space capabilities like [[asteroid mining]].<ref name="WSJ120620">{{Cite news |last=Rooney |first=Ben |date=June 20, 2012 |title=Fly Me to the Moon |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/BL-TEB-4365 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308032503/https://www.wsj.com/articles/BL-TEB-4365 |archive-date=March 8, 2021 |access-date=July 6, 2012 |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] }}</ref> However, in 2015 the company was reported to be in financial trouble, and it was not clear what happened to their spacecraft.<ref name="independent-20150311">{{Cite news |last=Owen |first=Jonathan |date=March 11, 2015 |title=Shooting for the Moon: Time is called on Isle of Man space race |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/shooting-for-the-moon-time-called-on-isle-of-man-space-race-10101750.html |url-access=limited |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150312112848/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/shooting-for-the-moon-time-called-on-isle-of-man-space-race-10101750.html |archive-date=March 12, 2015 |work=[[The Independent]] }}</ref>
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