Editing Anti-Americanism (section)

==== September 11 attacks ====
[[File:National Park Service 9-11 Statue of Liberty and WTC fire.jpg|thumb|right|[[9/11]]: [[World Trade Center (1973-2001)|World Trade Center]] twin towers on fire]]
In a book called ''The Rise of Anti-Americanism'', published in 2006, Brendon O'Connor and Martin Griffiths said that the [[September 11 attacks]] were "quintessential anti-American acts, which satisfy all of the competing definitions of Anti-Americanism".<ref>{{Harvnb|O'Connor|Griffiths|2006|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=lJLIIZN8szYC&pg=PA21 21]}}</ref> They ask, "If 9/11 can be construed as the exemplar of anti-Americanism at work, does it make much sense to imply that all anti-Americans are complicit with terrorism?"<ref>{{Harvnb|O'Connor|Griffiths|2006|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=lJLIIZN8szYC&pg=PA3 3]}}</ref> Most leaders in Islamic countries, including Afghanistan, condemned the attacks. [[Saddam Hussein]]'s [[Ba'athist Iraq]] was a notable exception, with an immediate official statement that "the American cowboys are reaping the fruit of their [[crimes against humanity]]".<ref>{{cite news|title=Attacks draw mixed response in Mideast |url=http://archives.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/europe/09/12/mideast.reaction/index.html |publisher=CNN |date=12 September 2001 |access-date=30 March 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070813060324/http://archives.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/europe/09/12/mideast.reaction/index.html |archive-date=13 August 2007 }}</ref>

Europe was highly sympathetic to the United States after the 9/11 attack. [[NATO]] unanimously supported the United States, treating an attack on the U.S. as an attack on all of them after [[NATO Article 5|Article 5]] of the [[North Atlantic Treaty|NATO treaty]] was invoked for the very first time. NATO and American troops [[American occupation of Afghanistan|entered Afghanistan]]. When the United States decided to [[2003 invasion of Iraq|invade and overthrow the Iraqi regime in 2003]], it won some support in Europe, especially from the [[Government of the United Kingdom|British government]], but also intense opposition, led by the [[Government of Germany|German]] and [[Government of France|French governments]]. [[Konrad Jarausch]] argues that there was still fundamental agreement on such basic issues of support for democracy and [[human rights]]. However, there emerged a growing gap between an American "[[Libertarianism|libertarian]], individualistic, market outlook, and the more [[Statism|statist]], [[Collectivism and individualism|collectivist]], [[welfare spending|welfare]] mentality in Europe."<ref>{{Cite book|first=Konrad|last=Jarausch|title=Out of Ashes: A new history of Europe in the 20th century|date=2015|pages=759–60}}</ref>