Editing Beehive (section)

===Horizontal hives===
These are single, long, boxes, with the bars hanging in parallel. The hive body of a common style of horizontal hive is often shaped like an inverted trapezoid, but it may be rectangular in cross-section and able to accept normal frames.<ref name="TBH Bee Culture"/> They have movable combs and make use of the concept of bee space.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wyns |first1=Dan |title=Top Bar Hives |url=https://beeinformed.org/2014/11/25/top-bar-hives/ |website=Bee Informed Partnership |access-date=18 February 2020 |date=November 25, 2014}}</ref> They were developed as a lower-cost alternative to the standard Langstroth hives and equipment. They do not require the beekeeper to lift heavy supers when the hive is inspected or manipulated. They are popular in the US due to their alignment with the organic, treatment-free philosophies of many new beekeeping devotees in the United States. The initial costs and equipment requirements are typically much less than other hive designs. Scrap wood can often be used to build a good hive. Horizontal hives do not require the beekeeper to lift super boxes; all checks and manipulation can be done while lifting only one comb at a time and with minimal bending. In areas where large [[terrestrial animal]]s such as [[honey badger]]s and [[bear]]s present a threat to beehives, single-box hives may be suspended out of reach. Elsewhere, they are commonly raised to a level that allows the beekeeper to inspect and manipulate them in comfort.

Disadvantages include (usually) unsupported combs that cannot be spun in most [[honey extractor]]s, and it is not usually possible to expand the hive if additional honey storage space is required. Most horizontal hives cannot easily be lifted and carried by one person.

==== Top-bar hives ====
[[File:Ruche horizontale dans un jardin.JPG|thumb|Top bar hive]]
{{main|Top-bar hive}}

Horizontal hives often use top-bars instead of frames. Top bars are simple lengths of timber often made by cutting scrap wood to size; it is not necessary to buy or assemble frames. The top bars form a continuous roof over the hive chamber, unlike conventional frames which offer a bee-space gap so that the bees can move up and down between hive boxes. The beekeeper does not usually provide foundation wax (or provides only a small starter piece of foundation) for the bees to build from. The bees build the comb so it hangs down from the top bar. This is in keeping with the way bees build wax in a natural cavity.<ref name="TBH Bee Culture">{{cite web |last1=Carr |first1=TJ |last2=Bradford |first2=John |title=Standard Top Bars For The Beekeeper |url=https://www.beeculture.com/standard-top-bars-for-the-beekeeper/ |website=Bee Culture |access-date=18 February 2020 |date=January 28, 2016}}</ref>

Because the unsupported comb built from a top bar cannot usually be centrifuged in a honey extractor, the honey is usually extracted by crushing and straining rather than centrifuging. Because the bees have to rebuild their comb after the honey is harvested, a top-bar hive yields a beeswax harvest in addition to honey. Queen excluders may or may not be used to keep the brood areas entirely separate from the honey. Even if no queen excluder is used, the bees store most of their honey separately from the areas where they are raising the brood, and honey can still be harvested without killing the bees or brood.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Blackiston |first1=Howland |title=Beekeeping for Dummies |edition=4th |chapter-url=https://www.dummies.com/home-garden/hobby-farming/beekeeping/harvesting-honey-top-bar-hive/ |chapter=Harvesting Honey from Your Top Bar Hive}}</ref>
* '''Cathedral Hive''': Modified top bar. The top bar is split into 3 equal parts and joined at angles of 120° to form half a hexagon.

==== Long box hive ====
The long box hive is a single-story hive that accepts enclosed frames and is worked horizontally in the manner of Kenya/Tanzanian top-bar hives. This non-stacked style had higher popularity a century ago in the Southeast United States but faded from use due to a lack of portability. With the recent popularity of horizontal top-bar hives, the long box hive is gaining renewed but limited utilization. Alternative names are "new idea hive", "single story hive", "Poppleton hive", or "long hive".<ref>John Adams (2010) ''The Success Of The Long Box Beehive In America''</ref>

Variations:
* '''Long Langstroth Hive''': Uses 32 standard Langstroth deep frames without any supers.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://lowtechinstitute.org/2017/03/26/beehives-three-ways-long-lanstroth-layens-and-tragkupa-for-sale-too/ |title=Beehives Three Ways: Long Lanstroth, Layens, and Trågkupa (for sale, too!) |date= March 26, 2017 |publisher= |access-date=15 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220328050441/https://lowtechinstitute.org/2017/03/26/beehives-three-ways-long-lanstroth-layens-and-tragkupa-for-sale-too/|archive-date=2022-03-28}}</ref>
* '''Dartington long deep (DLD) hive''': Being derived from fixing two Deep National hives back-to-back, the DLD can take up to 21 frames each {{convert|14|×|12|inch}}.  It is possible to have two colonies in the brood box; e.g., "swarm" and "parent", separated by a loose Divider Board, as there is an entrance at either end.  It has half-size honey supers, which take six frames that are lighter than full supers and are correspondingly easier to lift than 12-frame National supers.<ref>Robin Dartington (2000) ''New Beekeeping in a Long Deep Hive''. Bee Books New & Old</ref>  The Dartington was originally developed by Robin Dartington so that he could keep bees on his London rooftop.
* '''Beehaus Hive''': A proprietary design for a beehive launched in 2009 based on the Dartington long deep. It is a hybrid of the top-bar hive and a Langstroth hive.
* '''Layens Hive''': Developed by [[Georges de Layens]] in 1864. This hive is a popular standard in Spain and Romania. It was also popular in Russia during the early 1900s until forced industrialization standardized all apiaries. <ref name="KeepingBeesWithASmile"/>
* '''ZEST Hive''':<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thezesthive.com/ |title=The ZEST hive |last=Summers |first=Bill |date= |website= |publisher= |access-date=6 April 2022|quote=}}</ref>
* '''Lazutin Hive''': Developed by Fedor Lazutin <ref name="KeepingBeesWithASmile">{{cite book |last= Lazutin |first= Fedor |date= April 2020|title= Keeping Bees with a Smile: Principles and Practice of Natural Beekeeping |publisher= New Society Publishers |isbn= 978-0-86571-9279}}</ref>
* '''Golden Hive''': Ukrainian Hive or Einraumbeute Hive uses Dadant size frames that are rotated ninety degrees.<ref>{{cite book |last= Heaf |first= David |date= 2021|title= Keeping bees simply and respectfully - Apiculture with the Golden Hive |publisher= Northern Bee Books |isbn= 978-1-913811-03-7}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1= Wirz |first1= Johannes |last2= Poeplau |first2= Norbert |date= July 2020 |title= Imkern mit der Einraumbeute |language= German |publisher= Pala-Verlag |isbn= 978-3-89566-402-1}}</ref>