Editing Bone fracture (section)

== Prevention ==
Both high- and low-force trauma can cause bone fracture injuries.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases--conditions/open-fractures/|title=Open Fractures - OrthoInfo - AAOS|access-date=2018-12-03|archive-date=4 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210504181649/https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases--conditions/open-fractures/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last1=Court-Brown|first1=Charles M.|last2=Bugler|first2=Kate E.|last3=Clement|first3=Nicholas D.|last4=Duckworth|first4=Andrew D.|last5=McQueen|first5=Margaret M.|date=June 2012|title=The epidemiology of open fractures in adults. A 15-year review|journal=Injury|volume=43|issue=6|pages=891–897|doi=10.1016/j.injury.2011.12.007|issn=1879-0267|pmid=22204774}}</ref> Preventive efforts to reduce motor vehicle crashes, the most common cause of high-force trauma, include reducing distractions while driving.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|date=2017-10-01|title=Trauma Education and Prevention|journal=Surgical Clinics of North America|language=en|volume=97|issue=5|pages=1185–1197|doi=10.1016/j.suc.2017.06.010|pmid=28958365|issn=0039-6109|last1=Sidwell|first1=Richard|last2=Matar|first2=Maher M.|last3=Sakran|first3=Joseph V.}}</ref> Common distractions are driving under the influence and texting or calling while driving, both of which lead to an approximate 6-fold increase in crashes.<ref name=":2" /> Wearing a seatbelt can also reduce the likelihood of injury in a collision.<ref name=":2" /> 30 [[kilometers per hour|km/h]] or 20 [[miles per hour|mph]] [[speed limit]]s (as opposed to the more common intracity 50 km/h / 30 mph) also drastically reduce the risk of accident, serious injury and even death in crashes between motor vehicles and humans. [[Vision Zero]] aims to reduce [[traffic deaths]] to zero through better traffic design and other measures and to drastically reduce [[traffic injuries]] which would prevent many bone fractures.

A common cause of low-force trauma is an at-home fall.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> When considering preventative efforts, the [[National Institute of Health]] (NIH) examines ways to reduce the likelihood of falling, the force of the fall, and bone fragility.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bones.nih.gov/health-info/bone/osteoporosis/fracture/preventing-falls-and-related-fractures|title=Preventing Falls and Related Fractures {{!}} NIH Osteoporosis and Related Bone Diseases National Resource Center|website=www.bones.nih.gov|language=en|access-date=2018-12-03|archive-date=14 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210514012122/https://www.bones.nih.gov/health-info/bone/osteoporosis/fracture/preventing-falls-and-related-fractures|url-status=live}}</ref> To prevent at-home falls they suggest keeping cords out of high-traffic areas where someone could trip, installing handrails and keeping stairways well-lit, and installing an assistive bar near the bathtub in the washroom for support.<ref name=":3" /> To reduce the impact of a fall the NIH recommends to try falling straight down on your buttocks or onto your hands.<ref name=":3" />

Some sports have a relatively high risk of bone fractures as a common [[sports injury]]. Preventive measures depend to some extent on the specific sport, but learning proper technique, wearing [[protective gear in sports|protective gear]] and having a realistic estimation of one's own capabilities and limitations can all help reduce the risk of bone fracture. In [[contact sports]] rules have been put in place to protect athlete health, such as the prohibition of [[unnecessary roughness]] in [[American football]].

Taking calcium and vitamin D supplements can help strengthen your bones.<ref name=":3" /> Vitamin D supplements combined with additional calcium marginally reduces the risk of hip fractures and other types of fracture in older adults; however, vitamin D supplementation alone did not reduce the risk of fractures.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Avenell |first1=Alison |last2=Mak |first2=Jenson C. S. |last3=O'Connell |first3=Dianne |date=2014-04-14 |title=Vitamin D and vitamin D analogues for preventing fractures in post-menopausal women and older men |journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |volume=2021 |issue=4 |pages=CD000227 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD000227.pub4 |issn=1469-493X |pmc=7032685 |pmid=24729336}}</ref> Taking vibration therapy can also help strengthening bones and reducing the risk of a fracture.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-10-01 |title=Update on vibration therapy for bone health |url=https://www.health.harvard.edu/womens-health/update-on-vibration-therapy-for-bone-health |access-date=2024-12-10 |website=Harvard Health |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lee |first=Jong Hwa |last2=Kim |first2=Sang Beom |last3=Lee |first3=Kyeong Woo |last4=Lee |first4=Sook Joung |last5=Park |first5=Hyuntae |last6=Kim |first6=Dong Won |date=2017-08-18 |title=The effect of a whole-body vibration therapy on the sitting balance of subacute stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/figure/10.1080/10749357.2017.1305655?scroll=top&needAccess=true |journal=Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation |volume=24 |issue=6 |pages=457-462 |doi=10.1080/10749357.2017.1305655?scroll=top&needaccess=true |issn=1074-9357|url-access=subscription }}</ref>