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C. S. Lewis
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====Other works==== Lewis wrote several works on [[Heaven]] and [[Hell]]. One of these, ''[[The Great Divorce]]'', is a short novella in which a few residents of Hell take a bus ride to Heaven, where they are met by people who dwell there. The proposition is that they can stay if they choose, in which case they can call the place where they had come from "[[Purgatory]]", instead of "Hell", but many find it not to their taste. The title is a reference to [[William Blake]]'s ''[[The Marriage of Heaven and Hell]]'', a concept that Lewis found a "disastrous error". This work deliberately echoes two other more famous works with a similar theme: the ''[[Divine Comedy]]'' of [[Dante Alighieri]], and Bunyan's ''[[The Pilgrim's Progress]]''. Another short work, ''[[The Screwtape Letters]]'', which he dedicated to J. R. R. Tolkien, consists of letters of advice from senior [[demon]] Screwtape to his nephew Wormwood on the best ways to tempt a particular human and secure his [[Damnation#Religious|damnation]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Screwtape-Letters |title=The Screwtape Letters {{!}} novel by Lewis |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=14 November 2019 |archive-date=2 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190902190549/https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Screwtape-Letters |url-status=live }}</ref> Lewis's last novel was ''[[Till We Have Faces]]'', which he thought of as his most mature and masterly work of fiction but which was never a popular success. It is a retelling of the myth of [[Cupid and Psyche]] from the unusual perspective of Psyche's sister. It is deeply concerned with religious ideas, but the setting is entirely [[paganism|pagan]], and the connections with specific Christian beliefs are left implicit.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Till-We-Have-Faces |title=Till We Have Faces {{!}} novel by Lewis |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=14 November 2019 |archive-date=2 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190902181253/https://www.britannica.com/topic/Till-We-Have-Faces |url-status=live }}</ref> Before Lewis's conversion to Christianity, he published two books: ''[[Spirits in Bondage]]'', a collection of poems, and ''[[Dymer (poem)|Dymer]]'', a single [[narrative poetry|narrative poem]]. Both were published under the pen name Clive Hamilton. Other narrative poems have since been published posthumously, including ''Launcelot'', ''The Nameless Isle'', and ''[[The Queen of Drum]]''.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Narrative Poems. |last=Lewis |first=C. S. |date=1969 |publisher=Fount Paperbacks |edition=Walter Hooper |location=London}}</ref> He also wrote ''[[The Four Loves]]'', which rhetorically explains four categories of love: [[philia|friendship]], [[Eros (concept)|eros]], [[storge|affection]], and [[agape|charity]].<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/fourloves00lewi |title=The Four Loves. |last=Lewis |first=C. S. |date=1960 |publisher=Harcourt |location=New York |isbn=9780156329309 |url-access=registration}}</ref> In 2009, a partial draft was discovered of ''[[Language and Human Nature]]'', which Lewis had begun co-writing with J. R. R. Tolkien, but which was never completed.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.txstate.edu/news/news_releases/news_archive/2009/07/CSLewis070809.html |title=Beebe discovers unpublished C.S. Lewis manuscript : University News Service : Texas State University |date=8 July 2009 |publisher=Texas State University |access-date=10 March 2010 |archive-date=2 June 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100602064824/http://www.txstate.edu/news/news_releases/news_archive/2009/07/CSLewis070809.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2024 an original poem was discovered in a collection of documents in Special Collections at the [[University of Leeds]].<ref name=":0">{{cite news |date=28 April 2024 |title=CS Lewis poem unearthed in University of Leeds collection |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-leeds-68890548 |access-date=2 May 2024 |work=BBC News }}</ref> Its Old English title, "Mód Þrýþe Ne Wæg", is not easily translated into modern English and references the epic poem ''[[Beowulf]]''.<ref>{{cite web |last=Leeds |first=University of |date=22 April 2024 |title=Uncovering a CS Lewis poem in Special Collections |url=https://www.leeds.ac.uk/news-arts-culture/news/article/5553/uncovering-a-cs-lewis-poem-in-special-collections |access-date=2 May 2024 |website=www.leeds.ac.uk }}</ref> The poem was addressed to professor of English [[E. V. Gordon|Eric Valentine Gordon]] and his wife Dr Ida Gordon.<ref name=":0" /> It was written under the pen name Nat Whilk, meaning "someone" in Old English.<ref name=":0" />
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