Editing C2c (section)

==Rolling stock==
===Slam-door replacement===
[[File:312792 at Shoeburyness.jpg|thumb|{{brc|312}} at {{rws|Shoeburyness}} station on 29 March 2003, the final day of running.]]
LTS Rail inherited a fleet of [[Slam-door train|slam-door]] electric multiple unit {{brc|302}}, {{brc|310}} and {{brc|312}} train sets from [[Network SouthEast]]. The original franchise agreement was for 25 sliding door trainsets (consisting of 100 carriages) to be transferred from [[West Anglia Great Northern]] (WAGN) and for 44 new trains (consisting of 176 carriages) to be ordered by the company.<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Class 317s for LTS |magazine=[[Rail (magazine)|Rail]] |issue=296 |date=15 January 1997 |page=9}}</ref> LTS Rail ordered 44 [[British Rail Class 357|Class 357 ''Electrostar'']] units in 1997, to be leased from [[Porterbrook]].<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Adtranz wins £200 million order for new trains on 'Misery Line' |magazine=[[Rail (magazine)|Rail]] |issue=307 |date=18 June 1997 |page=6}}</ref> The most elderly Class 302 units were removed from regular service on 4 July 1998, several sets were retained as spares in case of stock shortages.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Class 302 Gone? |date=1999 |journal=Electric Railway Society Journal |page=18 |volume=44}}</ref> By mid-1997, WAGN had released 18 {{brc|317}} units. However, both companies were experiencing an unexpected increase in passenger numbers and WAGN was unable to release more vehicles by December 1998.<ref>{{cite magazine |title=No more sliding-door trains for LTS as WAGN keeps last Class 317s |magazine=[[Rail (magazine)|Rail]] |issue=345 |date=2 December 1998 |page=13}}</ref>

The franchise agreement was renegotiated in November 1998 to replace the entire LTS Rail fleet with new vehicles, allowing for the return of the Class 317s to WAGN and the planned elimination of slam-door stock by March 2002.<ref name="1998 franchise"/> The first Class 357 train was delivered in 1999.<ref>{{cite magazine |title=First LTS Electrostar Class 357 delivered |magazine=[[Rail (magazine)|Rail]] |issue=358 |date=2 June 1999 |page=45}}</ref> A second batch of 28 Class 357 units was ordered in December 1999, to be leased from [[Angel Trains]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.investegate.co.uk/prism-rail-plc--pim-/rns/-80m-train-order-for-lts-rail/199912211015138619C/ |publisher=Prism Rail |date=21 December 1999 |title=£80m Train Order for LTS Rail |access-date=4 February 2023 |archive-date=4 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230204020215/https://www.investegate.co.uk/prism-rail-plc--pim-/rns/-80m-train-order-for-lts-rail/199912211015138619C/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> This satisfied a franchise commitment to increase the fleet by three units. Reliability problems with the new trains led to their withdrawal from service at peak times in October 2000.<ref>{{cite web |title=Progress on c2c's new train fleet |url=http://www.c2c-online.co.uk/site/news/news_1a2s.htm |website=c2c-online.co.uk |access-date=3 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20011118012509/http://www.c2c-online.co.uk/site/news/news_1a2s.htm |archive-date=18 November 2001 |date=12 March 2001}}</ref> By way of compensation, two additional units were added to the first order for free by the supplier [[Adtranz]].<ref>{{cite magazine |magazine=[[The Railway Magazine]] |year=2002 |page=31}}{{Full citation needed|date=May 2023}}</ref><!-- title and issue number were not carried over date was wrong and title made no sense--> During 2003, c2c became the first [[train operating company]] to have replaced its entire fleet with new accessible trains. The last slam-door Class 312 service ran on 29 March 2003.<ref>{{cite web |title=Farewell 312's |url=http://www.c2c-online.co.uk/news/news_1a3o.html |website=c2c-online.co.uk |access-date=3 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031006161019/http://www.c2c-online.co.uk:80/news/news_1a3o.html |archive-date=6 October 2003 |date=25 March 2003}}</ref>

===Class 357===

In March 2007, after extensive trials, c2c began fitting [[Regenerative brake|regenerative braking]] to its fleet, becoming the first UK train operator to do so.<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://www.c2c-online.co.uk/latest_updates/news/c2c_takes_the_lead_in_energy_saving_train_travel |title=c2c takes the lead in energy saving train travel |publisher=c2c |date=3 June 2007 |access-date=19 July 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511172334/http://www.c2c-online.co.uk/latest_updates/news/c2c_takes_the_lead_in_energy_saving_train_travel |archive-date=11 May 2008 |url-status=dead}}</ref> On 3 June 2007, the eve of [[World Environment Day]], one train was given an all-over green vinyl sticker livery with the slogan "All c2c trains are greener now – find out more at – www.c2c-online.co.uk – c2c – the greener way to go" to highlight the completion of the scheme, which the company says has enabled energy savings of up to 20%.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c2c-online.co.uk/about_us/green_credentials |title=Green Credentials |publisher=c2c |date=4 June 2007 |access-date=19 July 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080509104951/http://www.c2c-online.co.uk/about_us/green_credentials |archive-date=9 May 2008 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

With a few Class 357s being out of service at the same time, from late 2006 two {{brc|321}}s were hired from [[Silverlink]] for three months for weekday peak-hour use between Fenchurch Street and Laindon, and Pitsea via Rainham, to cover for the unavailable units.

In June 2009, Bombardier began repainting the Class 357 units.<ref name=c2cNewsJun09>{{cite web |url=http://www.c2c-online.co.uk/content/download/13056/166179/c2c_CommuterNews4ppA5june_09.pdf |title=c2c Commuter News – June 2009 |publisher=c2c |date=June 2009 |access-date=14 August 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101228193342/http://www.c2c-online.co.uk/content/download/13056/166179/c2c_CommuterNews4ppA5june_09.pdf |archive-date=28 December 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The vinyl wraps carrying the original purplish blue and [[magenta]] c2c livery were removed and the units reliveried in white with dark blue doors.<ref name=c2cNewsJun09/> The last blue liveried train ran on 5 March 2011.<ref>{{cite web |title='Last Blue Train' takes to the c2c rails |url=https://railuk.com/business/train-operating-companies/last-blue-train-takes-to-the-c2c-rails/ |website=Rail UK |access-date=3 February 2023 |year=2011 |archive-date=3 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203201145/https://railuk.com/business/train-operating-companies/last-blue-train-takes-to-the-c2c-rails/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Overcrowding relief===
[[File:C2c passenger numbers.png|thumb|c2c passenger numbers (millions) 2011 – 2019 Q2 (rolling 12 month figure)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://dataportal.orr.gov.uk/displayreport/html/excel/2b2e2c38-c822-4e1f-9fb4-b049b3c13899 |title=ORR passenger numbers by train operating company |publisher=[[Office of Rail and Road|ORR]] |access-date=9 March 2016 |archive-date=30 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130011335/https://dataportal.orr.gov.uk/Error.html?aspxerrorpath=%2Fdisplayreport%2Fhtml%2Fexcel%2F2b2e2c38-c822-4e1f-9fb4-b049b3c13899 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://dataportal.orr.gov.uk/displayreport/report/html/8de03530-6f8e-43c7-bb98-c26d989a9b0c |title=Display Report &#124; Office of Rail Regulation - National Rail Trends Portal |access-date=26 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171115082856/https://dataportal.orr.gov.uk/displayreport/report/html/8de03530-6f8e-43c7-bb98-c26d989a9b0c |archive-date=15 November 2017 |url-status=dead}}</ref>]]

As part of the 2014 franchise, c2c committed to leasing new trains to cope with rising passenger numbers, which were boosted especially by the opening of the [[Docklands Light Railway]] station at {{rws|West Ham}} in 2011 and the rise of Canary Wharf as a financial centre.<ref name="London Rec">{{Cite web |url=https://www.londonreconnections.com/2016/times-changing-c2c/ |title=c2c: The Timetables, They Are A Changin' |website=londonreconnections.com |date=3 February 2016 |access-date=22 March 2022 |archive-date=23 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210923135301/https://www.londonreconnections.com/2016/times-changing-c2c/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

The Class 357 trains had been introduced with high density 3+2 seating, with a total capacity of 406, consisting of 282 seats and space for 124 standing. In late 2015 c2c adapted 20% of its carriages into a "Metro" configuration, involving removing seats around doorways and converting trains to a 2+2 layout. The Metro configuration's capacity is 556, consisting of 222 seats, and space for 334 standing.<ref name="Route 2020">{{cite web |title=Essex Thameside Study |url=https://www.networkrail.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Essex-Thameside-Study.pdf |publisher=Network Rail |access-date=15 February 2023 |date=July 2020}}</ref> This addressed the issue of the high volumes of passengers using c2c to travel between stations on the [[District line|District Line]]; between {{rws|West Ham}}, {{rws|Barking}}, and {{rws|Upminster}} c2c trains stop less frequently and they travel further from the city.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c2c-online.co.uk/travel-information/timetables-trains/new-trains/ |title=c2c New trains |access-date=11 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160315164353/http://www.c2c-online.co.uk/travel-information/timetables-trains/new-trains/ |archive-date=15 March 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

During early 2016, c2c announced that it would lease additional trains to relieve overcrowding.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c2c-online.co.uk/travelling-with-us/timetables-and-trains/c2c-director-timetable-updates/package-of-changes-to-improve-peak-services/ |title=Package of changes to improve peak services - Trains to/from London, Southend & Essex with c2c Rail |website=c2c-online.co.uk |access-date=21 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181021151532/https://www.c2c-online.co.uk/travelling-with-us/timetables-and-trains/c2c-director-timetable-updates/package-of-changes-to-improve-peak-services/ |archive-date=21 October 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Later that year, the company commenced a lease on six [[British Rail Class 387|Class 387s]] for three years from [[Porterbrook]] to increase capacity on the busiest services.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.c2c-online.co.uk/travelling-with-us/timetables-and-trains/c2c-director-timetable-updates/brand-new-carriages-in-production-in-derby/ |title=Brand-new carriages in production in Derby - Trains to/from London, Southend & Essex with c2c Rail |website=c2c-online.co.uk |access-date=21 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181021151502/https://www.c2c-online.co.uk/travelling-with-us/timetables-and-trains/c2c-director-timetable-updates/brand-new-carriages-in-production-in-derby/ |archive-date=21 October 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/traction-rolling-stock/single-view/view/c2c-electrostar-emus-under-construction.html |title=c2c Electrostar EMUs under construction |publisher=Railway Gazette International |date=5 July 2016 }}{{Dead link|date=February 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The first Class 387 set entered service in November 2016.<ref name=IRJ161116>{{cite web |url=http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/commuter-rail/essex-thameside-emu-tender-launched-as-class-387s-enter-service.html |title=Essex Thameside EMU tender launched as Class 387s enter service |publisher=[[International Railway Journal]] |date=16 November 2016 |access-date=13 July 2017 |archive-date=17 November 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161117150516/http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/commuter-rail/essex-thameside-emu-tender-launched-as-class-387s-enter-service.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Class 720 ===
{{Main |British Rail Class 720}}
In December 2017, c2c announced it had reached an agreement with rolling stock financiers [[Porterbrook]] and manufacturer Bombardier to procure 60 [[British Rail Class 720|Class 720]] vehicles of the latter's [[Alstom Aventra|Aventra]] family, formed into six 10-car units (later changed to twelve 5-car units), with the intention that they would enter service in 2021.<ref>{{Cite press release |date=14 December 2017 |title=c2c signs major deal for brand-new British trains |url=https://www.c2c-online.co.uk/media-centre/latest-news/c2c-signs-major-deal-for-brand-new-british-trains/ |access-date=27 February 2025 |publisher=c2c |archive-date=17 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217192417/https://www.c2c-online.co.uk/media-centre/latest-news/c2c-signs-major-deal-for-brand-new-british-trains/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The first train was delivered to c2c on 19 April 2022, and the fleet entered service on 27 September 2023.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Banks |first=Ethan |date=27 September 2023 |title=c2c new trains enter passenger service this morning |work=Basildon Canvey Southend Echo |url=https://www.echo-news.co.uk/news/23816419.c2c-new-trains-enter-passenger-service-morning/ |access-date=27 September 2023 |archive-date=27 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230927101046/https://www.echo-news.co.uk/news/23816419.c2c-new-trains-enter-passenger-service-morning/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.railtechnologymagazine.com/articles/new-c2c-class-720-trains-enter-service |title=New c2c Class 720 trains enter service |first=Rich |last=Wilcock |work=Rail Technology Magazine |date=10 October 2023 |access-date=27 April 2024 |archive-date=27 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240427113545/https://www.railtechnologymagazine.com/articles/new-c2c-class-720-trains-enter-service |url-status=live }}</ref> These replaced the six four-car {{brc|387}} units, which c2c was leasing.

=== Class 357 Repaint ===
On 15 May 2024 it was announced that Alstom would be painting and repairing c2c's {{brc|357}}s over a 24-month period at their depot in Ilford.<ref>{{Cite press release |title=Alstom secures £8.8 million contract from c2c for paint and repair of Class 357 fleet in the UK |url=https://www.alstom.com/press-releases-news/2024/5/alstom-secures-8-million-contract-c2c-paint-and-repair-class-357-fleet-uk |access-date=8 February 2025 |website=Alstom |archive-date=19 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519001853/https://www.alstom.com/press-releases-news/2024/5/alstom-secures-8-million-contract-c2c-paint-and-repair-class-357-fleet-uk |url-status=live }}</ref> The work includes the repair of huck bolt covers, body end corrosion, side vent corrosion, sole bar corrosion, roof corrosion and the repaint of all the units improving the longevity of the fleet .The first refreshed unit, 357207, entered into service on 10 December 2024. The programme is expected to take 24 months to complete with each unit taking 20 days to complete.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Winfield |first=Emma |date=16 January 2025 |title=Trenitalia c2c embarks on major project to repaint entire Class 357 fleet {{!}} Trains to/from London, Southend & Essex with c2c Rail |url=https://www.c2c-online.co.uk/media-centre/latest-news/trenitalia-c2c-embarks-on-major-project-to-repaint-entire-class-357-fleet/ |access-date=8 February 2025 |website=c2c |archive-date=16 January 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250116164955/https://www.c2c-online.co.uk/media-centre/latest-news/trenitalia-c2c-embarks-on-major-project-to-repaint-entire-class-357-fleet/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Current fleet===
The c2c fleet is maintained at [[East Ham Depot]] and [[Shoeburyness Depot]].
{| class="wikitable"
|- style="background:#f9f9f9;"
! rowspan="2" |Family
! rowspan="2" |Class
! rowspan="2" |Image
! rowspan="2" |Type
! colspan="2" |Top speed
! rowspan="2" |Number
! rowspan="2" |Carriages
! rowspan="2" |Routes operated
! rowspan="2" |Built
|- style="background:#f9f9f9;"
!mph
!km/h
|-
| rowspan="2" align="center" |[[Bombardier Electrostar]]
| rowspan="2" align="center" |[[British Rail Class 357|357]]
| rowspan="2" align="center" |[[File:357317 at Southend East.jpg|100x100px]]
[[File:Unit_357207_at_Dagenham_Dock_in_Jan_2025.jpg|frameless|94x94px]]
| rowspan="4" align="center" |[[Electric multiple unit|EMU]]
| rowspan="4" align="center" |100
| rowspan="4" align="center" |161
| align="center" |74
| align="center" |4
| align="center" |[[London, Tilbury and Southend line]]
| align="center" |1999{{ndash}}2002
Repaint 2024–2026
|-
| colspan="4" |[[File:C2c Class 357 White.png|445x445px]]
|-
| rowspan="2" align="center" |[[Alstom Aventra]]
| rowspan="2" align="center" |[[British Rail Class 720|720/6]]<ref>{{cite magazine |title=720s for c2c  |magazine=[[Modern Railways]] |issue=857 |date=February 2020 |page=84}}</ref>
| rowspan="2" align="center" |[[File:720606 5Q93.jpg|100x100px]]
| align="center" |12
| align="center" |5
| align="center" |[[London, Tilbury and Southend line]]
| align="center" |2022<ref>{{cite magazine |title=60 Class 720s now accepted |magazine=Today's Railways UK |issue=243 |date=May 2022 |page=67}}</ref>
|-
| colspan="4" |[[File:C2c Class 720-6 - New Livery.png|frameless|663x663px]]
|}

===Former fleet===
Below is a table of former units operated by c2c.
{|class="wikitable"
|- style="background:#f9f9f9;"
! rowspan="2" |Family
! rowspan="2" |Class
! rowspan="2" |Image
! rowspan="2" |Type
! colspan="2" |Top speed
! rowspan="2" |Number
! rowspan="2" |Carriages
! rowspan="2" |Routes operated
! rowspan="2" |Built
! rowspan="2" |Left fleet
|- style="background:#f9f9f9;"
!mph
!km/h
|-
|align=center|BR First Generation (Mark 1)
|[[British Rail Class 302|302]]
|align=center|[[File:LTS unit (class 302) 298 1964 Barking.jpg|100x100px]]
|align=center rowspan="7" |[[Electric multiple unit|EMU]]
|align=center rowspan="2" |75
|align=center rowspan="2" |121
|align=center|30
| rowspan="6" align="center" |4
| rowspan="6" align="center" |[[London, Tilbury and Southend line]]
|align=center|1958{{ndash}}1959
|align=center|1998
|-
|align=center rowspan="2" |BR First Generation (Mark 2)
|[[British Rail Class 310|310]]
|align=center|[[File:Coventry Steve Jones 310 5106457381.jpg|100x100px]]
|align=center|35
|align=center|1965{{ndash}}1967
|align=center|2002
|-
|[[British Rail Class 312|312]]
|align=center|[[File:312792 at Shoeburyness.jpg|100x100px]]
|align=center|90
|align=center|145
|align=center|25
|align=center|1975{{ndash}}1978
|align=center|2003
|-
|align=center rowspan="2" |BR Second Generation ([[British Rail Mark 3|Mark 3]])
|[[British Rail Class 317|317]]
|align=center|[[File:317316 at Cambridge.JPG|100x100px]]
|align=center rowspan="2" |100
|align=center rowspan="2" |161
|align=center|18
|align=center rowspan="2" |1981{{ndash}}1982, 1985{{ndash}}1987
|align=center|2002
|-
|[[British Rail Class 321|321]]
|align=center|[[File:321409 HarrowWealdstone.jpg|100x100px]]
|align=center|2
|align=center|2007
|-
|align=center rowspan="2" |[[Bombardier Electrostar]]
|align=center rowspan="2" |[[British Rail Class 387|387/3]]
|align=center rowspan="2" |[[File:Thatcham - c2c 387306 approaching from Newbury.JPG|100x100px]]
|align=center rowspan="2" |110
|align=center rowspan="2" |177
|align=center|6
|align=center|2016
|align=center|2022<ref>{{cite magazine |title=More '387s' for GTR |magazine=Modern Railways |issue=August 2022 |page=101}}</ref>
|-
|align=center colspan="5" |[[File:C2c Class 387-3.png|500x500px]]
|}