Editing Chu–Han Contention (section)

== Cultural references ==
* In [[xiangqi]], the middle section of the board that separates the players' sides is called the "Chu river and Han border" ({{zhi|c=楚河漢界}}). The red and black sides represent Han and Chu respectively.
* The [[Beijing opera]] ''[[The Hegemon-King Bids His Lady Farewell]]'', also known as ''Farewell My Concubine'', depicts the events of Xiang Yu's defeat at the [[Battle of Gaixia]] and his romance with [[Consort Yu (Xiang Yu's wife)|Consort Yu]]. 
* Two musical pieces for the [[pipa]] depict the [[Battle of Gaixia]] from the Han and Chu perspectives respectively – "[[Ambush from Ten Sides]]" ({{zhi|c=十面埋伏}}) and "The Hegemon-King Takes Off His Armour" ({{zhi|c=霸王卸甲}}).
* Some ''[[chengyu]]'' (Chinese idioms) and proverbs originated from the events of the Chu–Han contention, such as
** "Breaking cauldrons and sinking boats" ({{zhi|c=破釜沉舟}}), used to indicate one's determination to fight to the end, similar to [[Point of no return|burning one's boat]] and [[crossing the Rubicon]]. It originated from Xiang Yu's orders during the [[Battle of Julu]] when Chu forces launched a fierce attack on Qin forces.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mdbg.net/chindict/chindict.php?page=worddict&wdrst=0&wdqb=+%E7%A0%B4%E9%87%9C%E6%B2%89%E8%88%9F |title=破釜沉舟 |work=MDBG}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.zdic.net/c/4/8c/155577.htm |title=破釜沉舟 |work=ZDIC }}</ref>
** [[Feast at Swan Goose Gate]] ({{zhi|c=鴻門宴}}), used figuratively to refer to an ostensibly joyous occasion which is actually a dangerous trap. It originated from an incident in 206&nbsp;BCE when Xiang Yu invited Liu Bang to attend a feast while secretly planning to assassinate Liu Bang during the feast. The saying "[[Xiang Zhuang]] performs a sword dance with his attention directed towards the Duke of Pei" ({{zhi|c=項莊舞劍，意在沛公}}) also originated from this event. It is used figuratively to refer to a person's action being a veiled attack on another person.
** "Pretending to repair the [[gallery road]]s while secretly passing through Chencang" ({{zhi|c=明修棧道，暗度陳倉}}), used to refer to disguising one's action with a more obvious action. It originated from [[Han Xin]]'s strategy to attack the [[Three Qins]].
** "Fighting a battle with one's back facing a river" ({{zhi|c=背水一戰}}), used to indicate one's determination to fight to the death. It originated from the [[Battle of Jingxing]] between Han and Zhao forces.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mdbg.net/chindict/chindict.php?page=worddict&wdrst=0&wdqb=%E8%83%8C%E6%B0%B4%E4%B8%80%E6%88%B0 |title=破釜沉舟 |work=MDBG}}</ref>
** "Ambush on ten sides" ({{zhi|c=十面埋伏}}), refers to a situation in which one is under siege. It originated from Han Xin's strategy to trap Xiang Yu during the [[Battle of Gaixia]].
** "Surrounded by Chu songs" ({{zhi|c=四面楚歌}}), refers to one being surrounded by enemies on all sides. It originated from the [[Battle of Gaixia]] when the Han soldiers sang Chu folk songs to dampen the fighting spirit of the besieged Chu forces.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.zdic.net/c/b/143/313630.htm |title=四面楚歌 |work=ZDIC (汉典)}}</ref>