Editing Counter-Reformation (section)

===Germany===
{{Main|Augsburg Interim#The Interim}}
The Augsburg Interim was a period where Counter-Reformation measures were exacted upon defeated Protestant populations following the Schmalkaldic War.

During the centuries of Counter-Reformation, new towns, collectively termed {{ill|Exulantenstädte|de|Exulantenstadt}} (plural), were founded especially as homes for refugees fleeing the Counter-Reformation. Supporters of the [[Unity of the Brethren (Czech Republic)|Unity of the Brethren]] settled in parts of Silesia and Poland. Protestants from the [[County of Flanders]] often fled to the [[Lower Rhine region]] and northern Germany. French Huguenots crossed the [[Rhineland]] to [[Central Germany (cultural area)|Central Germany]]. Most towns were named either after the ruler who established them or as expressions of gratitude, e.g. ''Freudenstadt'' ("Joy Town"), ''Glückstadt'' ("Happy Town").<ref>{{cite web |editor-last= Martin |editor-first= Christiane |title= Exulantenstadt |work= Lexikon der Geographie |language= de |publisher= Spektrum Akademischer Verlag |location= Heidelberg |year= 2001 |url= https://www.spektrum.de/lexikon/geographie/exulantenstadt/2311 |access-date= 2020-05-30 |archive-date= 2020-10-28 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201028221812/https://www.spektrum.de/lexikon/geographie/exulantenstadt/2311 |url-status= live }}</ref>

A list of ''Exulantenstädte'':
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* [[Altona, Hamburg]]
* [[Bad Karlshafen]]
* [[Freudenstadt]]
* [[Friedrichsdorf]]
* [[Glückstadt]]
* [[Hanau]]
* [[Johanngeorgenstadt]]
* [[Krefeld]]
* [[Neu-Isenburg]]
* [[Neusalza-Spremberg]]
{{div col end}}

====Cologne====
[[File:Peter Paul Rubens - The Adoration of the Magi - WGA20244.jpg|upright=1|thumb|[[Peter Paul Rubens]] was the great Flemish artist of the Counter-Reformation. He painted ''Adoration of the Magi'' in 1624.]]
{{Main|Cologne War}}
The Cologne War (1583–1589) was a conflict between [[Protestant]] and [[Catholic]] factions that devastated the [[Electorate of Cologne]]. After Archbishop [[Gebhard Truchsess von Waldburg]], the [[prince-elector]] ruling the area, converted to Protestantism, Catholics elected another archbishop, [[Ernest of Bavaria|Ernst of Bavaria]], and successfully defeated Gebhard and his allies.