Editing Dissection (section)

==Alternatives==<!--Virtual dissection links to here-->

Some alternatives to dissection may present educational advantages over the use of animal cadavers, while eliminating perceived ethical issues.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Balcombe |first=Jonathan |date=2001 |title=Dissection: The Scientific Case for Alternatives |url=http://animalstudiesrepository.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1021&context=acwp_arte |journal=Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science |volume=4 |issue=2 |pages=117–126 |doi= 10.1207/S15327604JAWS0402_3|s2cid=143465900 |access-date=15 February 2016|url-access=subscription }}</ref> These alternatives include computer programs, lectures, three dimensional models, films, and other forms of technology. <!--The following may belong to a different section, not here-->Concern for animal welfare is often at the root of objections to animal dissection.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Stainsstreet |first1=M |last2=Spofforth |first2=N |last3=Williams |first3=T |title=Attitudes of undergraduate students to the uses of animals |journal=Studies in Higher Education |volume=18 |date=1993 |issue=2 |pages=177–196 |doi=10.1080/03075079312331382359 }}</ref> Studies show that some students reluctantly participate in animal dissection out of fear of real or perceived punishment or ostracism from their teachers and peers, and many do not speak up about their ethical objections.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Oakley |first1=J |title=Dissection and choice in the science classroom: student experiences, teacher responses, and a critical analysis of the right to refuse. |journal=Journal of Teaching and Learning |volume=8 |date=2012 |issue=2 |doi=10.22329/jtl.v8i2.3349 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Oakley |first1=J |title="I didn't feel right about animal dissection": Dissection objectors share their science class experiences. |journal=Society & Animals |volume=21 |date=2013 |issue=1 |pages=360–378 |doi=10.1163/15685306-12341267 }}</ref>

One alternative to the use of cadavers is computer technology. At [[Stanford Medical School]], software combines X-ray, ultrasound and MRI imaging for display on a screen as large as a body on a table.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=White |first=Tracie |date=2011 |title=Body image: Computerized table lets students do virtual dissection |url=http://med.stanford.edu/news/all-news/2011/05/body-image-computerized-table-lets-students-do-virtual-dissection.html |journal=Stanford Medicine: News Center |access-date=20 February 2016}}</ref> In a variant of this, a "virtual anatomy" approach being developed at New York University, students wear three dimensional glasses and can use a pointing device to "[swoop] through the virtual body, its sections as brightly colored as living tissue." This method is claimed to be "as dynamic as [[IMAX|Imax]] [cinema]".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Singer |first=Natasha |date=7 January 2012 |title=The Virtual Anatomy, Ready for Dissection |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/08/business/the-human-anatomy-animated-with-3-d-technology.html |work=The New York Times |access-date=15 February 2016}}</ref>
<!--could describe [[3D Indiana]] here-->