Editing Face perception (section)

===Recognition-performance issue===
After the first experiments on the advantage of faces over voices in memory recall, errors and gaps were found in the methods used.<ref name=seed />

For one, there was not a clear face advantage for the recognition stage of face processing. Participants showed a familiarity-only response to voices more often than faces.<ref name="Hanley 2009 830–839">{{cite journal|last=Hanley|first=J. Richard|author2=Damjanovic, Ljubica|title=It is more difficult to retrieve a familiar person's name and occupation from their voice than from their blurred face|journal=Memory|date=November 2009|volume=17|issue=8|pages=830–9|doi=10.1080/09658210903264175|pmid=19882434|s2cid=27070912}}</ref> In other words, when voices were recognized (about 60–70% of the time) they were much harder to recall biographical information but very good at being recognized.<ref name="seed" /> The results were looked at as [[remember versus know judgements]]. A lot more remember results (or familiarity) occurred with voices, and more know (or memory recall) responses happened with faces.<ref name="nadal" /> This phenomenon persists through experiments dealing with criminal line-ups in prisons. Witnesses are more likely to say that a suspect's voice sounded familiar than his/her face even though they cannot remember anything about the suspect.<ref name="yarmey">{{cite journal|last1=Yarmey|first1=Daniel A.|title=Face and Voice Identifications in showups and lineups|journal=Applied Cognitive Psychology|date=1 January 1994|volume=8|issue=5|pages=453–464|doi=10.1002/acp.2350080504|last2=Yarmey|first2=A. Linda|last3=Yarmey|first3=Meagan J.}}</ref> This discrepancy is due to a larger amount of guesswork and false alarms that occur with voices.<ref name="nadal" />

To give faces a similar ambiguity to that of voices, the face stimuli were blurred in the follow-up experiment.<ref name="Hanley 2009 830–839"/> This experiment followed the same procedures as the first, presenting two groups with sets of stimuli made up of half celebrity faces and half unfamiliar faces.<ref name=seed /> The only difference was that the face stimuli were blurred so that detailed features could not be seen. Participants were then asked to say if they recognized the person, if they could recall specific biographical information about them, and finally if they knew the person's name. The results were completely different from those of the original experiment, supporting the view that there were problems in the first experiment's methods.<ref name=seed /> According to the results of the followup, the same amount of information and memory could be recalled through voices and faces, dismantling the face advantage. However, these results are flawed and premature because other methodological issues in the experiment still needed to be fixed.<ref name=seed />