Editing Female ejaculation (section)

===Source of fluid===
One very practical objection relates to the reported volumes ejaculated, since this fluid must be stored somewhere in the pelvis, of which the [[urinary bladder]] is the largest source. The actual volume of the para-urethral tissue is quite small. By comparison, male ejaculate varies from {{convert|0.2|-|6.6|ml|USoz|2|abbr=on}} (95% [[confidence interval]]), with a maximum of {{convert|13|ml|USoz|2|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite journal |author=MacLeod J |title=Semen quality in 1000 men of known fertility and in 800 cases of infertile marriage |journal=Fertil. Steril. |volume=2 |issue=2 |pages=115–39 |year=1951 |pmid=14823049 |doi= 10.1016/s0015-0282(16)30482-4|doi-access= }}</ref> Therefore, claims of larger amounts of ejaculate are likely to contain at least some amount of urine. The eleven specimens analyzed by Goldberg in 1983,<ref name=goldberg /> ranged from {{convert|3|-|15|ml|USoz|1|abbr=on}}.<ref name="belzerjsr84"/> One source states that Skene's glands are capable of excreting {{convert|30|-|50|ml|USoz|0|abbr=on}} in 30–50 seconds,<ref name=heath/> but it is unclear how this was measured and has not been confirmed. One approach is to use a chemical like [[methylene blue]] so that any urinary component can be detected.<ref name="belzerjsr84">{{cite journal |vauthors=Belzer EG, Whipple W, Moger W |title=On female ejaculation |journal=J. Sex Res. |volume=20 |issue=4 |pages=403–6 |year=1984 |doi=10.1080/00224498409551236}}</ref> Belzer showed that in one woman he studied, the dye was found in her urine, but not her orgasmic expulsion.<ref name="belzer"/>

PAP and PSA have been identified in the para-urethral tissues, using biochemical and immunohistochemical methods, suggesting that the ejaculate is likely to arise from the ducts in these tissues, in a manner homologous to that in the male.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Pollen, JJ |author2=Dreilinger, A |date=March 1984 | title = Immunohistochemical identification of prostatic acid phosphatase and prostate specific antigen in female periurethral glands | journal = Urology | volume = 23 | issue = 3 | pages = 303–4 | pmid = 6199882 | doi = 10.1016/S0090-4295(84)90053-0}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Tepper, SL |author2=Jagirdar, J |author3=Heath, D |author4=Geller, SA |date=May 1984 | title = Homology between the female paraurethral (Skene's) glands and the prostate. Immunohistochemical demonstration | journal = Arch Pathol Lab Med | volume = 108 | issue = 5 | pages = 423–5 | pmid = 6546868 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Zaviacic, Z |author2=Ruzicková, M |author3=Jakubovský, J |author4=Danihel, L |author5=Babál, P |author6=Blazeková, J |date=November 1994 | title = The significance of prostate markers in the orthology of the female prostate | journal = Bratisl Lek Listy | volume = 95 | issue = 11 | pages = 491–7 | pmid = 7533639 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Wernert, N |author2=Albrech, M |author3=Sesterhenn, I |author4=Goebbels, R |author5=Bonkhoff, H |author6=Seitz, G |author7=Inniger, R |author8=Remberger, K | year = 1992 | title = The 'female prostate': location, morphology, immunohistochemical characteristics and significance | journal = Eur Urol | volume = 22 | issue = 1 | pages = 64–9 | pmid = 1385145 |doi=10.1159/000474724 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Zaviacic, Z |author2=Ablin, RJ |date=January 2000 | title = The female prostate and prostate-specific antigen. Immunohistochemical localization, implications of this prostate marker in women and reasons for using the term "prostate" in the human female | journal = Histol Histopathol | volume = 15 | issue = 1 | pages = 131–42 | pmid = 10668204 }}</ref> Another marker common to the prostate/para-urethral tissue in both sexes is [[Uteroglobin|human protein 1]].<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Zaviacic, M |author2=Danihel, L |author3=Ruzicková, M |author4=Blazeková, J |author5=Itoh, Y |author6=Okutani, R |author7=Kawai, T |date=March 1997 | title = Immunohistochemical localization of human protein 1 in the female prostate (Skene's gland) and the male prostate | journal = Histochem J | volume = 29 | issue = 3 | pages = 219–27 | pmid = 9472384 | doi = 10.1023/A:1026401909678|title-link=Skene's gland |s2cid=22166424 }}</ref>

PSA occurs in urine, and is elevated in post-orgasmic samples compared to pre-orgasmic. Simultaneous collection of ejaculate also showed PSA in both urine and ejaculate in all cases, but in higher concentration in the ejaculate than in the urine.<ref name="santamaria">{{cite book | author = Cabello Santamaria, F | year = 1997 | chapter = Female ejaculation: Myths and reality | editor = J.J. Baras-Vass & M.Perez-Conchillo | title = Sexuality and Human Rights: Proceedings of the XIII World Congress of Sexology August 29 | pages = 325–33 | location = Valencia, Spain | publisher = Nau Libres E.C.V.S.A. | chapter-url = http://www.doctorg.com/female-ejaculation-myth-reality-1.htm | access-date = 2008-08-09 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080723122603/http://www.doctorg.com/female-ejaculation-myth-reality-1.htm | archive-date = 2008-07-23 | url-status=dead }}</ref> Wimpissinger et al., 2007 reports the PSA level in urine in the 0.16&ndash;0.8 ng/mL range, and in female ejaculate in the 105.9&ndash;213.49 ng/mL range (two participants), more than a hundredfold difference.<ref name="rodriguez"/>