Editing Graphics card (section)

=== Video memory ===
{| class="wikitable" style="float:right; text-align:center;"
|-
! Type
! Memory clock rate ([[Hertz|MHz]])
! Bandwidth (GB/s)
|-
| '''[[DDR SDRAM|DDR]]'''
| 200–400
| 1.6–3.2
|- 
| '''[[DDR2 SDRAM|DDR2]]'''
| 400–1066
| 3.2–8.533
|- 
| '''[[DDR3 SDRAM|DDR3]]'''
|800–2133
| 6.4–17.066
|-
|[[DDR4 SDRAM|'''DDR4''']]
|1600–4866
|12.8–25.6
|- 
|[[DDR5 SDRAM|'''DDR5''']]
|4000-8800
|32-128
|-
| '''[[GDDR4]]'''
| 3000–4000
| 160–256
|- 
| '''[[GDDR5]]'''
| 1000–2000
| 288–336.5
|-
| '''[[GDDR5X]]'''
| 1000–1750
| 160–673
|- 
| '''[[GDDR6]]'''
| 1365–1770
| 336–672
|-
| '''[[High Bandwidth Memory|HBM]]'''
| 250–1000
| 512–1024
|}

The memory capacity of most modern graphics cards ranges from 2&nbsp;to 24 [[Gibibyte|GB]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/deep-learning-ai/products/titan-rtx/|title=NVIDIA TITAN RTX is Here|website=NVIDIA|access-date=2019-11-07|archive-date=2019-11-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191108195829/https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/deep-learning-ai/products/titan-rtx/|url-status=live}}</ref> But with up to 32 GB as of the last 2010s, the applications for graphics use are becoming more powerful and widespread. Since video memory needs to be accessed by the GPU and the display circuitry, it often uses special high-speed or multi-port memory, such as [[Video RAM#Video DRAM (VRAM)|VRAM]], [[WRAM (memory)|WRAM]], [[SGRAM]], etc. Around 2003, the video memory was typically based on [[Double data rate|DDR]] technology. During and after that year, manufacturers moved towards [[DDR2 SDRAM|DDR2]], [[GDDR3]], [[GDDR4]], [[GDDR5]], [[GDDR5X]], and [[GDDR6 SDRAM|GDDR6]]. The effective memory clock rate in modern cards is generally between 2 and 15&nbsp;[[Hertz|GHz]].{{Cn|date=September 2022}}

Video memory may be used for storing other data as well as the screen image, such as the [[Z-buffering|Z-buffer]], which manages the depth coordinates in [[3D computer graphics|3D graphics]], as well as [[Texture (computer graphics)|textures]], [[vertex buffers]], and compiled [[Shader|shader programs]].