Editing Hummingbird (section)

===Humming===
[[File:Calliope hum(a)oga.ogg|thumb|A calliope hummingbird hovering near a [[Bird feeder#Hummingbird feeders|feeder]], creating the "humming" sound from its rapid wingbeats, while [[Bird vocalization|chirping by vocalization]]]]

Hummingbirds are named for the prominent humming sound their wingbeats make while flying and hovering to feed or interact with other hummingbirds.<ref name="hightower21">{{Cite journal|last1=Hightower |first1=Ben J. |last2=Wijnings |first2=Patrick W.A. |last3=Scholte |first3=Rick |last4=Ingersoll |first4=Rivers |last5=Chin |first5=Diana D. |last6=Nguyen |first6=Jade |last7=Shorr |first7=Daniel |last8=Lentink |first8=David |display-authors=3 |date=2021-03-16 |title=How oscillating aerodynamic forces explain the timbre of the hummingbird's hum and other animals in flapping flight |journal=eLife |volume=10 |page=e63107 |doi=10.7554/elife.63107 |issn=2050-084X |pmc=8055270 |pmid=33724182 |doi-access=free }}</ref> Humming serves communication purposes by alerting other birds of the arrival of a fellow forager or potential mate.<ref name=hightower21/> The humming sound derives from [[aerodynamic force]]s generated by the downstrokes and upstrokes of the rapid wingbeats, causing [[Harmonic oscillator|oscillations and harmonics]] that evoke an acoustic quality likened to that of a [[musical instrument]].<ref name=hightower21/><ref name="hum">{{Cite web |last=Eindhoven University of Technology |date=16 March 2021 |title=New measurement technique unravels what gives hummingbird wings their characteristic sound |url=https://phys.org/news/2021-03-technique-unravels-hummingbird-wings-characteristic.html |access-date=13 May 2021 |publisher=Phys.org}}</ref> The humming sound of hummingbirds is unique among flying animals, compared to the whine of [[mosquito]]es, buzz of [[bee]]s, and "whoosh" of larger birds.<ref name=hightower21/><ref name=hum/>

The wingbeats causing the hum of hummingbirds during hovering are achieved by [[elastic recoil]] of wing strokes produced by the main flight muscles: the [[pectoralis major]] (the main downstroke muscle) and [[supracoracoideus]] (the main upstroke muscle).<ref name="inger">{{Cite journal |last1=Ingersoll |first1=Rivers |last2=Lentink |first2=David |date=2018-10-15 |title=How the hummingbird wingbeat is tuned for efficient hovering |journal=Journal of Experimental Biology |volume=221 |issue=20 |doi=10.1242/jeb.178228 |issn=1477-9145 |pmid=30323114 |doi-access=free|bibcode=2018JExpB.221B8228I }}</ref>