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===During Hindu-Buddhist era=== In early [[Medieval India]], there were numerous recorded instances of temple desecration mostly by Indian Muslim kings against rival Indian [[Hindu king]]doms, which involved conflicts between Hindus, Buddhists, and Jains.<ref name="Eaton-dec">{{cite magazine |last=Eaton |first=Richard M. |date=9 December 2000 |title=Temple desecration in pre-modern India |magazine=[[Frontline (magazine)|Frontline]] |volume=17 |issue=25 |publisher=[[The Hindu Group]] |url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/cover-story/article30255557.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211181300/http://www.frontline.in/static/html/fl1725/17250620.htm |archive-date=11 December 2013}}</ref><ref name="Eaton-sep" /><ref name="Eaton 2004">{{cite book|last=Eaton|first=Richard M.|title=Temple desecration and Muslim states in medieval India|date=2004|publisher=Hope India Publications|location=Gurgaon|isbn=978-8178710273}}</ref> In AD 642, the Pallava king [[Narasimhavarman I|Narashimhavarman I]] looted the image of Ganesha from the [[Chalukya dynasty|Chalukyan]] capital of [[Badami|Vatapi]]. Fifty years later armies of those same Chalukyas invaded north India and brought back images of Ganga and Yamuna to the Deccan. In the 8th century, Bengali troops from the Buddhist [[Pala Empire]] destroyed temples of [[Vishnu]], the state deity of [[Lalitaditya]]'s kingdom in [[Kashmir]]. In the early 9th century, Indian [[Hindu king]]s from [[Kanchipuram]] and the [[Pandyan]] king [[Srimara Srivallabha]] looted Buddhist temples in [[Sri Lanka]]. In the early 10th century, the [[Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty|Pratihara]] king Herambapala looted an image from a temple in the [[Sahi clan|Sahi]] kingdom of [[Kangra district|Kangra]], which was later looted by the [[Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty|Pratihara]] king Yashovarman. By the mid-tenth century the same image was seized from the Pratiharas by the [[Chandelas of Jejakabhukti|Chandella]] king [[Yashovarman (Chandela dynasty)|Yasovarman]] and installed in the Lakshmana [[Khajuraho|temple of Khajuraho]]. In the early 11th century the [[Chola Empire|Chola]] king [[Rajendra I]] had looted idols from several prominent neighbouring kings: [[Durga]] and [[Ganesha]] images from the Chalukyas; Bhairava, Bhairavi, and Kali images from the [[Kalinga (region)|Kalingas]] of Orissa; a Nandi image from the [[Eastern Chalukyas]]; and a bronze Shiva image from the [[Pala Empire|Palas of Bengal]]. In the mid-eleventh century the Chola king [[Rajadhiraja I|Rajadhiraja]] defeated the Chalukyas and plundered [[Kalyan|Kalyani]], taking a large black stone door guardian to his capital in [[Thanjavur]], as a trophy of war. In the early tenth century, the [[Rashtrakuta Empire|Rashtrakuta]] king [[Indra III]] destroyed the temple of Kalapriya near the Jamuna River. <ref name="Eaton-dec" /><ref name="Eaton-sep" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Eaton |first=Richard Maxwell |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dBNuAAAAMAAJ |title=Temple Desecration and Muslim States in Medieval India |date=2004 |publisher=Hope India Publications |isbn=978-81-7871-027-3 |pages=35β37 |language=en}}</ref>
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