Editing Neuroscientist (section)

=== Neuroscientists awarded Nobel Prizes in physiology or medicine ===
{{See also|Neuroscience#Nobel_prizes_related_to_Neuroscience|label1=List of nobel prizes related to neuroscience}}
*[[File:May-Britt Moser 2014.jpg|thumb|[[May-Britt Moser]], co-winner of 2014 [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]]]][[Thomas C. Südhof]] (2013) for the discovery of the precise [[neurotransmitter]]s [[SNARE (protein)|release control system]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2013/press-release/|title=The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2013|website=NobelPrize.org|language=en-US|access-date=2018-11-20}}</ref>
[[File:CulturalEvents2 06$Feb$2009 xArea 1 Image.jpg|thumb|right|[[Eric Kandel]], co-winner of the 2000 [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]]]]

* [[Camillo Golgi]] and [[Santiago Ramón y Cajal]] (1906) for the development of the [[Golgi's method|silver staining method]], revealing what would later be determined as individual neurons. Cajal's interpretations of the images produced by Golgi's staining technique led to the adoption of the [[neuron doctrine]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1906/speedread.html|title=The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1906 - Speed Read|website=www.nobelprize.org|access-date=2016-03-28|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160423144043/http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1906/speedread.html|archive-date=2016-04-23}}</ref>
* [[Charles Scott Sherrington|Charles Sherrington]] and [[Edgar Adrian]] (1932) for their discoveries of the general function of neurons, including excitatory and inhibitory signals, and the all-or-nothing response of nerve fibers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1932/speedread.html|title=The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1932 - Speed Read|website=www.nobelprize.org|access-date=2016-03-28|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401141433/http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1932/speedread.html|archive-date=2016-04-01}}</ref>
* [[Henry Hallett Dale|Sir Henry Dale]] and [[Otto Loewi]] (1936) for the discovery of [[neurotransmitter]]s and identification of [[acetylcholine]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1936/speedread.html|title=The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1936 - Speed Read|website=www.nobelprize.org|access-date=2016-03-28|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401133804/http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1936/speedread.html|archive-date=2016-04-01}}</ref>
* [[Joseph Erlanger]] and [[Herbert Spencer Gasser|Herbert Gasser]] (1944) for discoveries illustrating the varied timing exhibited by single nerve fibers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1944/speedread.html|title=The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1944 - Speed Read|website=www.nobelprize.org|access-date=2016-03-28|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401135152/http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1944/speedread.html|archive-date=2016-04-01}}</ref>
*[[Walter Rudolf Hess]] and [[António Egas Moniz|António Caetano Egas Moniz]] (1949) for discovery of the functional organization of the [[midbrain]] and for the controversial<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2004/aug/02/highereducation.comment|title=John Sutherland: Should they de-Nobel Moniz?|last=Sutherland|first=John|date=2004-08-02|website=the Guardian|language=en|access-date=2018-11-20}}</ref> therapeutic value of [[leucotomy]] respectively.
* [[Alan Lloyd Hodgkin|Alan Hodgkin]], [[Andrew Huxley]], and [[John Eccles (neurophysiologist)|Sir John Eccles]] (1963) for discovering the ionic basis of the [[action potential]] and macroscopic currents through their use of the [[squid giant axon]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1963/speedread.html|title=The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1963 - Speed Read|website=www.nobelprize.org|access-date=2016-03-28|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401130519/http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1963/speedread.html|archive-date=2016-04-01}}</ref>
* [[Bernard Katz|Sir Bernard Katz]], [[Ulf von Euler]] and [[Julius Axelrod]] (1970) for the discovery of the mechanisms responsible for [[neurotransmitter]] storage, release, and inactivation. Their work included the discovery of the [[synaptic vesicle]] and [[quantal neurotransmitter release]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1970/speedread.html|title=The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1970 - Speed Read|website=www.nobelprize.org|access-date=2016-03-28|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401131625/http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1970/speedread.html|archive-date=2016-04-01}}</ref>
*[[Roger Guillemin]] and [[Andrew Schally|Andrew V. Schally]] (1977) for discovering the production on the brain of the [[peptide hormone]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1977/summary/|title=The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1977|website=NobelPrize.org|language=en-US|access-date=2018-11-20}}</ref> 
*[[Roger Wolcott Sperry|Roger W. Sperry]], [[David H. Hubel]] and [[Torsten Wiesel|Torsten N. Wiesel]] (1981) for discoveries concerning the [[Lateralization of brain function|cerebral hemispheres specialization]] and the [[visual system]] respectively.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1981/press-release/|title=The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1981|website=NobelPrize.org|language=en-US|access-date=2018-11-20}}</ref>
* [[Stanley Cohen (biochemist)|Stanley Cohen]] and [[Rita Levi-Montalcini]] (1986) for their discovery of [[nerve growth factor]] (NGF) as well as [[epidermal growth factor]] (EGF).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1986/speedread.html|title=The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1986 - Speed Read|website=www.nobelprize.org|access-date=2016-03-28|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401134906/http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1986/speedread.html|archive-date=2016-04-01}}</ref>
* [[Erwin Neher]] and [[Bert Sakmann]] (1991) for the development of the [[Patch clamp|patch-clamp]] recording technique, allowing, for the first time, the observation of current flow through individual ion channels. Neher and Sakmann additionally characterized the specificity of [[ion channel]]s.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1991/speedread.html|title=The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1991 - Speed Read|website=www.nobelprize.org|access-date=2016-03-28|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401141249/http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1991/speedread.html|archive-date=2016-04-01}}</ref>
* [[Arvid Carlsson]], [[Paul Greengard]] and [[Eric Kandel]] (2000) for the discovery of neural [[signal transduction]] pathways upon neurotransmitter binding, as well as the establishment of [[dopamine]] as a primary acting neurotransmitter.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2000/speedread.html|title=The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2000 - Speed Read|website=www.nobelprize.org|access-date=2016-03-28|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401133019/http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2000/speedread.html|archive-date=2016-04-01}}</ref>
*[[Richard Axel]] and [[Linda B. Buck]] (2004) for their discoveries concerning the [[olfactory system]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2004/summary/|title=The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2004|website=NobelPrize.org|language=en-US|access-date=2018-11-20}}</ref>
*[[John O'Keefe (neuroscientist)|John O'Keefe]], [[Edvard I. Moser]] and [[May-Britt Moser]] (2014) for their discoveries of cells that constitute a positioning system in the brain.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2014/|title=The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141007190458/http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2014/|archive-date=2014-10-07}}</ref>
*[[Jeffrey C. Hall]], [[Michael Rosbash]] and [[Michael W. Young|Michael W, Young]] (2017) "for their discoveries of molecular mechanisms controlling the [[circadian rhythm]]"<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2017|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2017/summary/|access-date=2020-09-06|website=NobelPrize.org|language=en-US}}</ref>