Editing Open access (section)

====Subsidized or no-fee{{anchor|No-fee}}====
No-fee open access journals, also known as "platinum" or "diamond"<ref name="fuchs2013" /><ref name="Gaj" /> do not charge either readers or authors.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Koroso |first=Nesru H. |date=18 November 2015 |title=Diamond Open Access – UA Magazine |work=UA Magazine |url=https://www.ua-magazine.com/diamond-open-access/ |url-status=live |access-date=11 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118173355/https://www.ua-magazine.com/diamond-open-access/ |archive-date=18 November 2018}}</ref> These journals use a variety of [[business model]]s including subsidies, advertising, membership dues, endowments, or volunteer labour.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Suber |first=Peter |date=2 November 2006 |title=No-fee open-access journals |url=http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/newsletter/11-02-06.htm#nofee |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081208133232/http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/newsletter/11-02-06.htm#nofee |archive-date=8 December 2008 |access-date=14 December 2008 |website=SPARC open access Newsletter}}</ref><ref name="TenMyths" /> Subsidising sources range from universities, libraries and museums to foundations, [[Learned society|societies]] or government agencies.<ref name=":3" /> Some publishers may cross-subsidise from other publications or auxiliary services and products.<ref name=":3" /> For example, most APC-free journals in Latin America are funded by higher education institutions and are not conditional on institutional affiliation for publication.<ref name="TenMyths" /> Conversely, [[Knowledge Unlatched]] crowdsources funding in order to make monographs available open access.<ref name="Montgomery">{{Cite journal |last=Montgomery |first=Lucy |date=2014 |title=Knowledge Unlatched:A Global Library Consortium Model for Funding Open Access Scholarly Books |journal=Cultural Science |volume=7 |issue=2 |hdl=20.500.11937/12680}}</ref>

Estimates of prevalence vary, but approximately 10,000 journals without APC are listed in DOAJ<ref>{{Cite web |title=DOAJ search |url=https://doaj.org/search?source=%7B%22query%22%3A%7B%22filtered%22%3A%7B%22filter%22%3A%7B%22bool%22%3A%7B%22must%22%3A%5B%7B%22term%22%3A%7B%22_type%22%3A%22journal%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22term%22%3A%7B%22index.has_apc.exact%22%3A%22No%22%7D%7D%5D%7D%7D%2C%22query%22%3A%7B%22match_all%22%3A%7B%7D%7D%7D%7D%2C%22from%22%3A0%2C%22size%22%3A10%7D |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200831011412/https://doaj.org/search?source=%7B%22query%22%3A%7B%22filtered%22%3A%7B%22filter%22%3A%7B%22bool%22%3A%7B%22must%22%3A%5B%7B%22term%22%3A%7B%22_type%22%3A%22journal%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22term%22%3A%7B%22index.has_apc.exact%22%3A%22No%22%7D%7D%5D%7D%7D%2C%22query%22%3A%7B%22match_all%22%3A%7B%7D%7D%7D%7D%2C%22from%22%3A0%2C%22size%22%3A10%7D |archive-date=31 August 2020 |access-date=30 June 2019}}</ref> and the [[Free Journal Network]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wilson |first=Mark |date=20 June 2018 |title=Introducing the Free Journal Network – community-controlled open access publishing |url=https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/impactofsocialsciences/2018/06/20/introducing-the-free-journal-network-community-controlled-open-access-publishing/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424130626/https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/impactofsocialsciences/2018/06/20/introducing-the-free-journal-network-community-controlled-open-access-publishing/ |archive-date=24 April 2019 |access-date=17 May 2019 |website=Impact of Social Sciences}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Is the EU's open access plan a tremor or an earthquake? |url=https://sciencebusiness.net/news/plan-s-blog-eus-open-access-plan-tremor-or-earthquake |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190517023027/https://sciencebusiness.net/news/plan-s-blog-eus-open-access-plan-tremor-or-earthquake |archive-date=17 May 2019 |access-date=17 May 2019 |website=Science{{!}}Business}}</ref> APC-free journals tend to be smaller and more local-regional in scope.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Bastian |first=Hilda |date=2 April 2018 |title=A Reality Check on Author Access to Open Access Publishing |url=https://blogs.plos.org/absolutely-maybe/2018/04/02/a-reality-check-on-author-access-to-open-access-publishing/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191222142157/https://blogs.plos.org/absolutely-maybe/2018/04/02/a-reality-check-on-author-access-to-open-access-publishing/ |archive-date=22 December 2019 |access-date=27 October 2019 |website=Absolutely Maybe |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Crotty |first=David |date=26 August 2015 |title=Is it True that Most Open Access Journals Do Not Charge an APC? Sort of. It Depends. |url=https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/2015/08/26/do-most-oa-journals-not-charge-an-apc-sort-of-it-depends/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212155529/https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/2015/08/26/do-most-oa-journals-not-charge-an-apc-sort-of-it-depends/ |archive-date=12 December 2019 |access-date=27 October 2019 |website=The Scholarly Kitchen |language=en-US}}</ref> Some also require submitting authors to have a particular institutional affiliation.<ref name=":4" />