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Polyploidy
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==== Homoeologous chromosomes ==== {{Main|Homoeology}} [[Homoeologous chromosome]]s are those brought together following [[Hybrid (biology)|inter-species hybridization]] and [[Allopolyploidy|allopolyploidization]], and whose relationship was completely homologous in an ancestral species. For example, [[Durum#Genealogy|durum wheat]] is the result of the inter-species hybridization of two diploid grass species ''Triticum urartu'' and ''Aegilops speltoides''. Both diploid ancestors had two sets of 7 chromosomes, which were similar in terms of size and genes contained on them. Durum wheat contains a [[Eukaryote hybrid genome|hybrid genome]] with two sets of chromosomes derived from ''Triticum urartu'' and two sets of chromosomes derived from ''Aegilops speltoides''. Each chromosome pair derived from the ''Triticum urartu'' parent is '''homoeologous''' to the opposite chromosome pair derived from the ''Aegilops speltoides'' parent, though each chromosome pair unto itself is '''homologous'''.
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