Editing Pride and Prejudice (section)

==Adaptations==
===Film, television and theatre===
{{See also|Jane Austen in popular culture#Pride and Prejudice (1813)|l1=Jane Austen in popular culture – Pride and Prejudice}}
Numerous screen adaptations have contributed in popularising ''Pride and Prejudice''.<ref name="fullerton">{{Cite book|last=Fullerton|first=Susannah|author-link=Susannah Fullerton|url=https://archive.org/details/happilyeverafter0000full|url-access=registration|title=Happily Ever After: Celebrating Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice|date=2013|publisher=[[Frances Lincoln Publishers]]|isbn=978-0711233744|oclc=1310745594}}</ref>

The first television adaptation of the novel, written by [[Michael Barry (television producer)|Michael Barry]], was produced in 1938 by the [[BBC]]. It is a [[lost television broadcast]].<ref name="fullerton" /> Some of the notable film versions include [[Pride and Prejudice (1940 film)|the 1940 Academy Award-winning film]], starring [[Greer Garson]] and [[Laurence Olivier]]<ref>{{IMDb title|qid=Q940014|id=tt0032943|title = Pride and Prejudice (1940)}}</ref> (based in part on [[Helen Jerome]]'s 1935 stage adaptation) and [[Pride & Prejudice (2005 film)|that of 2005]], starring [[Keira Knightley]] (an Oscar-nominated performance) and [[Matthew Macfadyen]].<ref>{{IMDb title|qid=Q270385|id=tt0414387|title = Pride and Prejudice (2005)}}</ref> Television versions include two by the [[BBC]]: a [[Pride and Prejudice (1980 TV series)|1980 version]] starring [[Elizabeth Garvie]] and [[David Rintoul]] and a [[Pride and Prejudice (1995 TV series)|1995 version]], starring [[Jennifer Ehle]] and [[Colin Firth]].

A stage version created by [[Helen Jerome]] premiered at the [[Music Box Theatre]] in New York in 1935, starring [[Adrianne Allen]] and [[Colin Keith-Johnston]], and opened at the [[St James's Theatre]] in London in 1936, starring [[Celia Johnson]] and [[Hugh Williams]]. ''[[Elizabeth Refuses]]'' a play by [[Margaret Macnamara (playwright)|Margaret Macnamara]] of scenes from the novel was made into a TV programme by the [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] in 1957.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2 February 1957 |title=Elizabeth refuses |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-1498217509 |access-date=1 August 2024 |work=A.B.C. Weekly |page=31 |via=Trove}}</ref> ''[[First Impressions (musical)|First Impressions]]'' was a 1959 Broadway musical version starring [[Polly Bergen]], [[Farley Granger]], and [[Hermione Gingold]].<ref>{{cite web| url=http://janeaustensworld.wordpress.com/2008/11/06/first-impressions-a-pride-and-prejudice-broadway-musical-that-failed-in-the-1958-1959-season/ |title=''First Impressions'' the Broadway Musical |publisher=Janeaustensworld.wordpress.com |date=6 November 2008 |access-date=27 January 2012}}</ref> In 1995, a musical concept album was written by [[Bernard J. Taylor]], with Claire Moore in the role of Elizabeth Bennet and Peter Karrie in the role of Mr Darcy.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bernardjtaylor.com/PridePrejudice/pp.html |title=''Pride and Prejudice'' (1995) |publisher=Bernardjtaylor.com |access-date=27 January 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207085359/http://www.bernardjtaylor.com/PridePrejudice/pp.html |archive-date=7 February 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A new stage production, ''Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice, The New Musical'', was presented in concert on 21 October 2008 in [[Rochester, New York|Rochester]], New York, with Colin Donnell as Darcy.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://prideandprejudice-themusical.com/index.html |title=PRIDE AND PREJUDICE, the Musical|work=prideandprejudice-themusical.com}}</ref> The Swedish composer [[Daniel Nelson (Swedish composer)|Daniel Nelson]] based his 2011 opera ''[[Stolthet och fördom]]'' on ''Pride and Prejudice''.<ref>[http://www.composernelson.com/pride-prejudicestolthet-och-fordom/ ''Stolthet och fördom'' / ''Pride and Prejudice'' (2011)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303214521/http://www.composernelson.com/pride-prejudicestolthet-och-fordom/ |date=3 March 2016 }}, work details</ref> Works inspired by the book include ''[[Bride and Prejudice]]'' and ''[[Trishna (TV series)|Trishna]]'' (1985 Hindi TV series).

''[[The Lizzie Bennet Diaries]]'' – which premiered on a dedicated [[YouTube channel]] on 9 April 2012,<ref name=LBD1>{{cite web | url = http://www.lizziebennet.com/episode-1-my-name-is-lizzie-bennet/ | work = The Lizzie Bennet Diaries | title = Episode 1: My Name is Lizzie Bennet | access-date = 7 May 2013 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130525001918/http://www.lizziebennet.com/episode-1-my-name-is-lizzie-bennet/ | archive-date = 25 May 2013 | url-status = usurped }}</ref> and concluded on 28 March 2013<ref name=LBD100>{{cite web | url = http://www.lizziebennet.com/episode-100-the-end/ | work = The Lizzie Bennet Diaries | title = Episode 100: The End | access-date = 7 May 2013 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130515014329/http://www.lizziebennet.com/episode-100-the-end/ | archive-date = 15 May 2013 | url-status = usurped }}</ref> – is an Emmy award-winning web-series<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tv.yahoo.com/blogs/emmys/-top-chef--s--last-chance-kitchen----oprah-s-lifeclass---the-nick-app--and--the-lizzie-bennet-diaries--to-receive-interactive-media-emmys-151953269.html|title='Top Chef's' 'Last Chance Kitchen,' 'Oprah's Lifeclass,' the Nick App, and 'The Lizzie Bennet Diaries' to Receive Interactive Media Emmys|date=22 August 2013|work=yahoo.com}}</ref> which recounts the story via [[vlog]]s recorded primarily by the Bennet sisters.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://newsfeed.time.com/2012/04/24/pride-and-prejudice-the-web-diary-edition/|title=''Pride and Prejudice'', the Web Diary Edition|date=24 April 2012|access-date=16 August 2012|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|first=Heba|last=Hasan}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.avclub.com/remember-pride-and-prejudice-it-s-back-in-vlog-form-1798231147|title=Remember ''Pride And Prejudice''? It's back, in vlog form!|date=3 May 2012|access-date=16 August 2012|work=[[The A.V. Club]]|first=Genevieve|last=Koski}}</ref> It was created by [[Hank Green]] and [[Bernie Su]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://content.usatoday.com/communities/popcandy/post/2012/05/cute-web-series-the-lizzie-bennet-diaries/1#.T7IZ7J9Yvj-|title=Cute Web series: 'The Lizzie Bennet Diaries'|date=4 May 2012|access-date=16 August 2012|work=[[USA Today]]|first=Whitney|last=Matheson|author-link=Whitney Matheson}}</ref>

In 2017, the bicentenary year of Austen's death, ''Pride and Prejudice – An adaptation in Words and Music'' to music by [[Carl Davis]] from the 1995 film and text by Gill Hornby was performed in the UK, with [[Hayley Mills]] as the narrator<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.henleystandard.co.uk/news/theatre/114968/oscar-winner-takes-us-through-a-glass-darcy.html|access-date=21 August 2024|title=Oscar winner takes us through a glass, Darcy|newspaper=[[Henley Standard]]|date=11 September 2017}}</ref> This adaptation was presented in 2024 at the [[Sydney Opera House]] and the [[Arts Centre Melbourne]], narrated by [[Nadine Garner]].<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://limelight-arts.com.au/reviews/pride-and-prejudice-spiritworks-theatre-tours-international/|access-date=21 August 2024|title=''Pride and Prejudice'' (Spiritworks & Theatre Tours International)|type=review|author=Jo Litson|magazine=[[Limelight (magazine)|Limelight]]|date=16 August 2024}}</ref>

In 2018, part of the storyline of the [[Telenovela|Brazilian soap opera]] ''[[Orgulho e Paixão]]'', aired on [[TV Globo]], was inspired by the book. The soap opera was also inspired by other works of Jane Austen. It features actors, [[Nathalia Dill]], [[Thiago Lacerda]], [[Agatha Moreira]], [[Rodrigo Simas]], [[Gabriela Duarte]], {{ill|Marcelo Faria|pt}}, [[Alessandra Negrini]], and [[Natália do Vale]].<ref>{{Cite web |title='Orgulho e Paixão': novela se inspira em livros de Jane Austen |url=https://revistagalileu.globo.com/Cultura/noticia/2018/03/orgulho-e-paixao-novela-se-inspira-em-livros-de-jane-austen.html |access-date=10 April 2023 |website=Revista Galileu |date=29 August 2022 |language=pt-br}}</ref>

''[[Fire Island (film)|Fire Island]]'' is a movie written by [[Joel Kim Booster]] that reimagines ''Pride and Prejudice'' as a gay drama set on the quintessential gay vacation destination of [[Fire Island]]. Booster describes the movie "as an unapologetic and modern twist on Jane Austen's ''Pride and Prejudice''."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Booster |first1=Joel Kim |title=Pride and Prejudice on Fire Island |url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/articles/joel-kim-booster-pride-and-prejudice-on-fire-island/ |website=Penguin Random House |access-date=21 June 2022}}</ref> The movie was released in June 2022 and features a main cast of Asian-American actors.

===Literature===
{{main|List of literary adaptations of Pride and Prejudice}}

In [[Gwyn Cready]]'s comedic romance novel, ''Seducing Mr Darcy'', the heroine lands in ''Pride and Prejudice'' by way of magic massage, has a fling with Darcy and unknowingly changes the rest of the story.<ref>{{cite book|title=A Successful Novel Must Be in Want of a Sequel: Second Takes on Classics from The Scarlet Letter to Rebecca.|last=Gómez-Galisteo|first=M. Carmen|publisher=McFarland|location=Jefferson, North Carolina|year=2018|isbn=978-1476672823}}</ref>

[[Abigail Reynolds (writer)|Abigail Reynolds]] is the author of seven Regency-set variations on ''Pride and Prejudice''. Her Pemberley Variations series includes ''Mr Darcy's Obsession'', ''To Conquer Mr Darcy'', ''What Would Mr Darcy Do'' and ''Mr Fitzwilliam Darcy: The Last Man in the World''. Her modern adaptation, ''The Man Who Loved Pride and Prejudice'', is set on Cape Cod.<ref>{{cite web|title=Abigail Reynolds Author Page|website = Amazon|url=https://www.amazon.com/Abigail-Reynolds/e/B001JRZP8K/ref=sr_tc_2_0?qid=1343412301&sr=1-2-ent|access-date=27 July 2012}}</ref>

Bella Breen is the author of nine variations on ''Pride and Prejudice''. ''Pride and Prejudice and Poison'', ''Four Months to Wed'', ''Forced to Marry'' and ''The Rescue of Elizabeth Bennet''.<ref>{{cite web|title=Bella Breen Author Page|website=Amazon|url=https://www.amazon.com/Bella-Breen/e/B07G14KXL7}}</ref>

In March 2009, [[Seth Grahame-Smith]]'s ''[[Pride and Prejudice and Zombies]]'' takes Austen's work and [[mashup (book)|mashes]] it up with [[zombie]] hordes, [[Human cannibalism|cannibalism]], [[ninja]] and ultraviolent mayhem.<ref>{{cite news |last=Grossman |first=Lev |title=Pride and Prejudice, Now with Zombies |magazine=[[TIME]]|url=http://www.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,1889075,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090404014528/http://www.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,1889075,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=4 April 2009 |date=April 2009 |access-date=26 April 2009}}</ref> In March 2010, Quirk Books published a prequel by [[Steve Hockensmith]] that deals with Elizabeth Bennet's early days as a zombie hunter, ''[[Pride and Prejudice and Zombies: Dawn of the Dreadfuls]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.quirkclassics.com |title=Quirkclassics.com |publisher=Quirkclassics.com |access-date=27 January 2012}}</ref> The [[Pride and Prejudice and Zombies (film)|2016 film]] of Grahame-Smith's adaptation was released starring [[Lily James]], [[Sam Riley]] and [[Matt Smith]].

Marvel has also published their take on this classic by releasing a short comic series of five issues that stays true to the original storyline. The first issue was published on 1 April 2009 and was written by Nancy Hajeski.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://marvel.com/catalog/?writer=Nancy%20Hajeski |title=Marvel.com |publisher=Marvel.com |access-date=27 January 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100724063422/http://marvel.com/catalog/?writer=Nancy%20Hajeski |archive-date=24 July 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref> It was published as a graphic novel in 2010 with artwork by Hugo Petrus.

[[Pamela Aidan]] is the author of a trilogy of books telling the story of ''Pride and Prejudice'' from Mr Darcy's point of view: ''[[Fitzwilliam Darcy, Gentleman]]''. The books are ''An Assembly Such as This'',<ref>{{cite book | author-link = Pamela Aidan | first = Pamela | last = Aidan | title = An Assembly Such as This | isbn = 978-0-7432-9134-7 | publisher = Touchstone | date = 2006 | url = https://archive.org/details/assemblysuchasth00aida }}</ref> ''Duty and Desire''<ref>{{cite book | author-link = Pamela Aidan | first = Pamela | last = Aidan | title = Duty and Desire | isbn = 978-0-9728529-1-3 | publisher = Wytherngate Press | date = 2004 | url = https://archive.org/details/dutydesirebook20000aida }}</ref> and ''These Three Remain''.<ref>{{cite book | author-link = Pamela Aidan | first = Pamela | last = Aidan | title = These Three Remain | isbn = 978-0-7432-9137-8 | publisher = Simon and Schuster | date = 2007 | url-access = registration | url = https://archive.org/details/thesethreeremain00aidarich }}</ref>

Detective novel author [[P. D. James]] has written a book titled ''[[Death Comes to Pemberley]]'', which is a murder mystery set six years after Elizabeth and Darcy's marriage.<ref>{{cite book|last=Hislop |first=Victoria |title=Death Comes to Pemberley: Amazon.co.uk: Baroness P. D. James: 9780571283576: Books |id= {{ASIN|0571283578|country=uk}} }}</ref>

[[Sandra Lerner]]'s sequel to ''Pride and Prejudice'', ''Second Impressions'', develops the story and imagined what might have happened to the original novel's characters. It is written in the style of Austen after extensive research into the period and language and published in 2011 under the pen name of Ava Farmer.<ref name=Farmer>{{cite book|last=Farmer|first=Ava|title=Second Impressions|date=2011|publisher=Chawton House Press|location=Chawton, Hampshire, England|isbn=978-1613647509}}</ref>

[[Jo Baker (novelist)|Jo Baker]]'s bestselling 2013 novel ''[[Longbourn]]'' imagines the lives of the servants of ''Pride and Prejudice''.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Baker |first1=Jo |title=Longbourn |isbn=978-0385351232 |publisher=Alfred A. Knopf |date=8 October 2013 |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780385351232 }}</ref> A cinematic adaptation of ''Longbourn'' was due to start filming in late 2018, directed by [[Sharon Maguire]], who also directed ''[[Bridget Jones's Diary]]'' and ''[[Bridget Jones's Baby]]'', screenplay by [[Jessica Swale]], produced by Random House Films and StudioCanal.<ref name="thebookseller.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.thebookseller.com/news/new-direction-jo-baker-literary-suspense-body-lies-869706#|title=New direction for 'literary chameleon' Jo Baker to Transworld – The Bookseller|website=www.thebookseller.com}}</ref> The novel was also adapted for radio, appearing on BBC Radio 4's ''Book at Bedtime'', abridged by Sara Davies and read by [[Sophie Thompson]]. It was first broadcast in May 2014; and again on Radio 4 Extra in September 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b045q086|title=Jo Baker – Longbourn, Book at Bedtime – BBC Radio 4|website=BBC}}</ref>

In the novel ''[[Eligible (novel)|Eligible]]'', [[Curtis Sittenfeld]] sets the characters of ''Pride and Prejudice'' in modern-day Cincinnati, where the Bennet parents, erstwhile Cincinnati social climbers, have fallen on hard times. Elizabeth, a successful and independent New York journalist, and her single older sister Jane must intervene to salvage the family's financial situation and get their unemployed adult sisters to move out of the house and onward in life. In the process they encounter Chip Bingley, a young doctor and reluctant reality TV celebrity, and his medical school classmate, Fitzwilliam Darcy, a cynical neurosurgeon.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sittenfeld |first1=Curtis| title=Eligible|isbn=978-1400068326 |publisher=Random House |date=19 April 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Gomez-Galisteo|first=Carmen|title=An Eligible Bachelor: Austen, Love, and Marriage in ''Pride and Prejudice'' and ''Eligible'' by Curtis Sittenfeld|journal=Anglo Saxonica|issn=0873-0628|volume=20|number=1, art. 9|date=October 2022<!-- |pages=1–11 can't find any page numbers -->|doi=10.5334/as.92|doi-access=free}}</ref>

''Pride and Prejudice'' has also inspired works of scientific writing. In 2010, scientists named a pheromone identified in male mouse urine ''darcin'',<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Roberts|first1=Sarah A.|last2=Simpson|first2=Deborah M.|last3=Armstrong|first3=Stuart D.|last4=Davidson|first4=Amanda J.|last5=Robertson|first5=Duncan H.|last6=McLean|first6=Lynn|last7=Beynon|first7=Robert J.|last8=Hurst|first8=Jane L.|date=1 January 2010|title=Darcin: a male pheromone that stimulates female memory and sexual attraction to an individual male's odour|journal=BMC Biology|volume=8|page=75|doi=10.1186/1741-7007-8-75|issn=1741-7007|pmc=2890510|pmid=20525243 |doi-access=free }}</ref> after Mr Darcy, because it strongly attracted females. In 2016, a scientific paper published in the ''[[Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease]]'' speculated that Mrs Bennet may have been a carrier of a rare genetic disease, explaining why the Bennets didn't have any sons, and why some of the Bennet sisters are so silly.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Stern|first=William|date=1 March 2016|title=Pride and protein|journal=Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease|volume=39|issue=2|pages=321–324|doi=10.1007/s10545-015-9908-7|issn=1573-2665|pmid=26743057|s2cid=24476197}}</ref>

In summer 2014, Udon Entertainment's Manga Classics line published a manga adaptation of ''Pride and Prejudice''.<ref>Manga Classics: Pride and Prejudice (2014) UDON Entertainment {{ISBN|978-1927925188}}</ref>