Editing Pyelonephritis (section)

==Epidemiology==
There are roughly 12-13 cases annually per 10,000 population in women receiving outpatient treatment and 3-4 cases requiring admission. In men, 2-3 cases per 10,000 are treated as outpatients and 1-2 cases/10,000 require admission.<ref name=Czaja2007>{{cite journal | vauthors = Czaja CA, Scholes D, Hooton TM, Stamm WE | title = Population-based epidemiologic analysis of acute pyelonephritis | journal = Clinical Infectious Diseases | volume = 45 | issue = 3 | pages = 273–280 | date = August 2007 | pmid = 17599303 | doi = 10.1086/519268 | doi-access = free | title-link = doi }}</ref> Young women are most often affected. Infants and the elderly are also at increased risk, reflecting anatomical changes and hormonal status.<ref name=Czaja2007/> Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is most common in middle-aged women.<ref name=Malek1978/> It can present somewhat differently in children, in whom it may be mistaken for [[Wilms' tumor]].<ref name=Goodman1998>{{cite journal | vauthors = Goodman TR, McHugh K, Lindsell DR | title = Paediatric xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis | journal = International Journal of Clinical Practice | volume = 52 | issue = 1 | pages = 43–45 | year = 1998 | pmid = 9536568 | doi = 10.1111/j.1742-1241.1998.tb11558.x | s2cid = 28900400 }}</ref>