Editing Rahm Emanuel (section)

===Elections===
====2011====
{{wikinews|White House Chief of Staff Rahm Emanuel steps down to run for Mayor of Chicago}}
{{See also|2011 Chicago mayoral election}}
On September 30, 2010, it was announced that Emanuel would leave his post as White House Chief of Staff to run for [[Mayor of Chicago]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/rahm-emanuel-leave-white-house/story?id=11740794|title=ABC News: Obama Chief of Staff Rahm Emanuel Likely to Announce White House Departure This Week|website=ABCNews.go.com|date=September 27, 2010|access-date=July 17, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831160724/https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/rahm-emanuel-leave-white-house/story?id=11740794|archive-date=August 31, 2011|url-status=live}}</ref> He was replaced by [[Pete Rouse]] on October 2, 2010. Emanuel entered the race with high-[[name recognition]], having not only a sizable local profile, but also a sizable national profile.<ref name="local2014">{{cite book |last1=Foreman |first1=Sean D. |last2=Godwin |first2=Marcia L. |title=Local Politics and Mayoral Elections in 21st Century America: The Keys to City Hall |date=2014 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-317-57893-2 |pages=128–133 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Eo-LBQAAQBAJ |access-date=18 May 2020 |language=en}}</ref>

Emanuel's eligibility for office was challenged on the basis of his lack of residency in Chicago for one year prior to the election. This was the period when Emanuel was in Washington serving as the White House chief of staff. The Board of Elections and the [[Cook County Circuit Court]] affirmed his eligibility. A divided Court of Appeals reversed the Circuit Court, holding on January 24, 2011, that residency for purposes of a candidate is different from residency for purposes of being a voter.<ref>{{cite court|url= http://www.state.il.us/court/Opinions/AppellateCourt/2011/1stDistrict/January/1110033.pdf|litigants= Maksym & McMahon v. The Board of Election Commissioners of Chicago|date= January 24, 2011|court= Illinois Appellate}}</ref> A further appeal to the [[Illinois Supreme Court]] resulted in a unanimous decision reversing the Court of Appeals and affirming Emanuel's eligibility.<ref name="rulingoverturned">{{cite news|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna41291795|title=Ill. high court: Emanuel can run for Chicago mayor|first1= Sophia|last1= Tareen|first2= Tammy|last2= Webber|work=[[NBC News]]|date=January 27, 2011|access-date=January 27, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=The One-Man Political Machine|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/20/magazine/20Emanuel-t.html|date=February 17, 2011|first=Scott|last=Turow|author-link=Scott Turow|work=[[The New York Times|The New York Times Sunday Magazine]]|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120907215547/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/20/magazine/20Emanuel-t.html?_r=3&adxnnl=1&adxnnlx=1297947909-NPo7qpsoM6/PL1Mk6L8pkw&pagewanted=all|archive-date=September 7, 2012|url-status=dead}} (Note [https://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/20/magazine/20Emanuel-t.html?_r=2&adxnnl=1&adxnnlx=1297947909-NPo7qpsoM6/PL1Mk6L8pkw&pagewanted=all the original] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217064134/http://www.nytimes.com//2011//02//20//magazine//20Emanuel-t.html |date=February 17, 2011 }} has better formatting.)</ref>

In the race, Emanuel had a financial advantage over the other candidates.<ref name="local2014"/> He was by far the best-financed candidate, with more than three times the campaign funds as the second-best financed candidate ([[Gery Chico]]), and more than twenty-times the third-best financed candidate ([[Carol Moseley Braun]]).<ref name="local2014"/> Emanuel's had his financial advantage from the very start of his candidacy, as he began his campaign with approximately $1.2 million from his congressional campaign fund.<ref name="local2014"/> By December 31, 2010, he had raised more than $10.5 million in additional funds.<ref name="local2014"/> On January 1, 2011, the Illinois Campaign Disclosure Act took effect, limiting individual personal contributions to candidates to $5,000.<ref name="local2014"/> Nevertheless, he continued to raise substantial funds, ultimately having procured a total $15 million over the course of his campaign (including those funds transferred from his congressional campaign committee).<ref name="local2014"/> Emanuel was able to raise so much because he had experience fundraising, had built a Washington connections and a national profile, and his brother Ari had Hollywood connections.<ref name="local2014"/> He had 75 contributors give more than $50,000, twenty-five of which were from out of state.<ref name="local2014"/> Among these high-dollar contributors were [[Steven Spielberg]], [[Donald Trump]], and [[Steve Jobs]].<ref name="local2014"/> Despite having a national fundraising operation, three-quarters of his donations came locally.<ref name="local2014"/> More than $800,000 of his contributions were from financial exchange and trading executives, with his largest single donation being a $200,000 donation from executives of the [[Chicago Mercantile Exchange]].<ref name="local2014"/>

Emanuel proposed lowering the city's [[sales tax]] and raising the service tax.<ref name="local2014"/> Emanuel supported negotiating with the [[Chicago Teachers Union]] for longer school days and school years.<ref name="local2014"/> Emanuel opposed instituting an elected school board.<ref name="local2014"/> This received criticism from other candidates.<ref name="local2014"/> Other candidates assailed his tenure at Freddie Mac.<ref name="local2014" /> As the frontrunner, Emanuel had gotten more press coverage than other mayoral candidates. This was furthered by the fact that the challenge to his residency became a dominant headline.<ref name="local2014" /> Emanuel entered the race with solid backing from North and Northwest Side Democratic Ward Committeemen.<ref name="local2014" />

Emanuel's advertisements portrayed him as having strong roots in the city, and, in telling his biography, emphasized his upbringing on the [[North Shore (Chicago)|North Shore]].<ref name="local2014"/> Contrarily, Emanuel's opponents attempted to characterize him as a [[carpetbagger]], hailing not from the city itself but rather from the North Shore and Washington, D.C.<ref name="local2014"/> Emanuel's advertisements also sought to emphasize his tenures in working in the White House and his tenure as a congressman.<ref name="local2014"/> Emanuel would highlight his relations with presidents Clinton and Obama.<ref name="local2014"/> He also sought to highlight the fact that he had forged connections in Washington during his time in congress, and also had strong business ties.<ref name="local2014"/>

Emanuel had overwhelming support from Jewish and [[LGBT]] voters.<ref name="local2014"/> Emanuel held a lead with independent progressives, including strong support from the [[lakefront liberals]] voting bloc of wealthy white progressives from the city's northern lakefront.<ref name="local2014"/> As the only white candidate in the race, Emanuel was seen as likely to receive unified support from a majority of the white electorate.<ref name="local2014"/> Since the Hispanic vote was largely split between two Hispanic candidates (Gery Chico and [[Miguel del Valle]]), once Emanuel was able to secure the support of the majority of the black vote, he had secured himself victory.<ref name="local2014"/>

In attracting African American voters to his candidacy, Emanuel was helped by his associations with Presidents Clinton and Obama, both of whom were extremely popular among the African American community.<ref name="local2014"/> After Moseley Braun's support began to crater following a character attack on fellow candidate [[Patricia Van Pelt Watkins]] which backfired, Emanuel was the beneficiary as the, largely African American, voters that abandoned their support of Moseley Braun's candidacy primarily migrated to support his candidacy.<ref name="local2014"/> Once this happened, Emanuel had all but secured himself a first-place finish, and the remaining candidates were left to jockey for second-place in hopes of there being a runoff.<ref name="local2014"/>

Emanuel carried the endorsements of both the city's major daily newspapers, the ''[[Chicago Tribune]]'' and the ''[[Chicago Sun-Times]]''.<ref name="local2014"/> Emanuel's mayoral campaign was the inspiration for a satirical Twitter account called MayorEmanuel, which received more than 43,000 followers, more popular than Emanuel's actual Twitter account. Emanuel announced on February 28 that if the author would reveal himself, he would donate $5,000 to the charity of the author's choice.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/RahmEmanuel/status/42340121093226496|title=Twitter / Rahm Emanuel: The offer still stands to|publisher=Twitter.com|access-date=July 17, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151018235758/https://twitter.com/RahmEmanuel/status/42340121093226496|archive-date=October 18, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> When Chicago journalist Dan Sinker revealed himself, Emanuel donated the money to Young Chicago Authors, a community organization which helps young people with writing and publishing skills.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/03/02/rahm-emanuel-dan-sinker-m_n_830577.html|title=Rahm Emanuel, Dan Sinker Meet: Young Chicago Authors Get $12,000 Donation|publisher=[[HuffPost]]|date=March 2, 2011|access-date=July 17, 2011|first=Jen|last=Sabella|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110313225612/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/03/02/rahm-emanuel-dan-sinker-m_n_830577.html|archive-date=March 13, 2011|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[File:20121103 Rahm Emanuel and Antonio Vernon.jpg|thumb|Emanuel (left) at the 2012 [[Hyde Park, Chicago|Hyde Park]] Obama presidential reelection campaign office]]
Emanuel was elected on February 22, 2011, with 55% of the vote,<ref name="CNN-20110222">{{cite news|last= Bohn|first= Kevin|url= http://www.cnn.com/2011/POLITICS/02/22/illinois.elections/|title= Rahm Emanuel wins Chicago mayoral vote|publisher=[[CNN]]|date= February 22, 2011|access-date= February 23, 2011|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121109114752/http://www.cnn.com/2011/POLITICS/02/22/illinois.elections/|archive-date= November 9, 2012|url-status= live}}</ref> and was sworn in as the [[List of Mayors of Chicago|55th]] [[Mayor of Chicago]] on May 16, 2011, at the [[Pritzker Pavilion]], becoming Chicago's first Jewish mayor.<ref name="Rahm Emanuel Elected Chicago Mayor">{{cite news|agency=Associated Press|work=[[USA Today]]|url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/politics/2011-02-22-emanuel-mayor-chicago_N.htm|title=Rahm Emanuel elected Chicago mayor|date=February 23, 2011|access-date=September 10, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111025091552/http://www.usatoday.com/news/politics/2011-02-22-emanuel-mayor-chicago_N.htm|archive-date=October 25, 2011|url-status=live}}</ref> At his inauguration were outgoing Mayor [[Richard M. Daley]], Vice President [[Joe Biden]], Labor Secretary [[Hilda Solis]], Treasury Secretary [[Timothy Geithner]], former Mayor [[Jane Byrne]], and [[William M. Daley]], brother of the outgoing mayor and who would later serve as White House Chief of Staff.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/chibrknews-rahm-emanuel-to-be-sworn-in-today-as-chicago-mayor-20110515,0,2840741.story|work=[[Chicago Tribune]]|title=Emanuel sworn in as mayor: "Let us share the necessary sacrifices"|date=May 16, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110518045412/http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/chibrknews-rahm-emanuel-to-be-sworn-in-today-as-chicago-mayor-20110515,0,2840741.story|archive-date=May 18, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2011/05/16/emanuel-set-to-begin-new-chapter/#more-159253|work=[[CNN]]|title=Emanuel begins new chapter|date=May 16, 2011|access-date=May 16, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110519102029/http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2011/05/16/emanuel-set-to-begin-new-chapter/#more-159253|archive-date=May 19, 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref>

====2015====
{{See also|2015 Chicago mayoral election}}
In August 2014, ''[[Chicago Tribune]]'' poll reported Emanuel had a 35% approval rating as mayor of Chicago.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/09/30/rahm-emanuel-black-voters_n_5906484.html|work=[[HuffPost]]|title=Rahm Emanuel Has "Ticked Off A Lot Of People"|date=September 30, 2014|access-date=February 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415031549/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/09/30/rahm-emanuel-black-voters_n_5906484.html|archive-date=April 15, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Pearson|first=Rick|date=August 14, 2014|title=Chicago Tribune poll: Support for Mayor Rahm Emanuel falling fast in Chicago|url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/politics/ct-rahm-emanuel-karen-lewis-met-0814-20140814-story.html#page=1|newspaper=[[Chicago Tribune]]|access-date=December 3, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141203024442/http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/politics/ct-rahm-emanuel-karen-lewis-met-0814-20140814-story.html#page=1|archive-date=December 3, 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2015, Emanuel won 56 percent of the vote in the run-off election against Jesús "Chuy" García held on April 7, 2015.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Japsen|first1=Bruce|title=Chicago's Rahm Emanuel Re-Elected, Says 'Hard Choices' Ahead|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucejapsen/2015/04/07/chicagos-rahm-emanuel-fights-off-mayor-1-percent-label-to-win-re-election/|access-date=April 8, 2015|work=[[Forbes]]|date=April 7, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150408065413/http://www.forbes.com/sites/brucejapsen/2015/04/07/chicagos-rahm-emanuel-fights-off-mayor-1-percent-label-to-win-re-election/|archive-date=April 8, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> He had been hurt by sharp neighborhood criticism of his decision to shut down 50 public schools in black and Latino neighborhoods, and his installation of [[red light camera]]s, together with anger at the high level of gun violence on the streets. On the other hand, he was supported by the business community and most elements of the Democratic party.<ref>{{cite news|first1= Kim|last1= Bellware|first2= Joseph|last2= Erbentraut|date= April 7, 2015|url= https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/04/07/chicago-mayoral-election-2015_n_7018672.html|title= Rahm Emanuel Survives Runoff Election And Wins Second Term As Chicago Mayor|work=[[HuffPost]]|access-date= February 18, 2020|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181230112857/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/04/07/chicago-mayoral-election-2015_n_7018672.html|archive-date= December 30, 2018|url-status= live}}</ref>

====2019====
{{See also|2019 Chicago mayoral election}}
Emanuel announced in October 2017 that he was running for reelection in 2019, despite low approval ratings and some potentially serious challengers.<ref name="Crain's Chicago Business"/> In September 2018, Emanuel decided to not run for reelection. Close friend [[David Axelrod (political consultant)|David Axelrod]] told ''USA Today'' that Emanuel had grown uncertain about his devotion to a third term.<ref name="sept4">{{Cite web|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2018/09/04/chicago-mayor-rahm-emanuel-wont-seek-re-election/1191517002/|title=Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel's bombshell news leaves city at crossroads|first=Aamer|last=Madhani|website=[[USA Today]]|access-date=September 5, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180905225300/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2018/09/04/chicago-mayor-rahm-emanuel-wont-seek-re-election/1191517002/|archive-date=September 5, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> Emanuel had been leading in the polls prior to his decision to withdraw. However according to [[Politico]] citing data from [[Public Policy Polling]], Rahm Emanuel had a lead over most of his potential challengers but it was "not enough to win the contest outright" and that in a head-to-head matchup with [[Paul Vallas]], Vallas actually had a polling lead over Emanuel with 39 percent to 33.<ref name=sept4 /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thirdcoastreview.com/2018/08/21/polling-shows-emanuel-isnt-invincible-activists-mark-68-dnc-third-coast-today-08-21-18/|title=Polling Shows Emanuel Isn't Invincible, Activists to Mark '68 DNC--Third Coast Today 08-21-18|first=Aaron|last=Cynic|date=August 21, 2018|access-date=September 5, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180906014022/https://thirdcoastreview.com/2018/08/21/polling-shows-emanuel-isnt-invincible-activists-mark-68-dnc-third-coast-today-08-21-18/|archive-date=September 6, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://chicago.suntimes.com/2018/7/10/18463502/poll-for-challenger-lightfoot-shows-rahm-s-2019-re-election-bid-in-big-trouble|title=Poll for challenger Lightfoot shows Rahm's 2019 re-election bid in big trouble|first=Fran|last=Spielman|date=July 10, 2018|website=Chicago Sun-Times|access-date=October 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191029215634/https://chicago.suntimes.com/2018/7/10/18463502/poll-for-challenger-lightfoot-shows-rahm-s-2019-re-election-bid-in-big-trouble|archive-date=October 29, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-08-20 |title=New POLLING in Chicago mayor's race — Wife of tea partier JOE WALSH named to SAUER seat — KONKOL's back and writing |url=https://www.politico.com/newsletters/illinois-playbook/2018/08/20/polling-heats-up-in-mayors-race-wife-of-tea-partys-joe-walsh-named-to-sauer-seat-konkols-back-and-writing-and-wedding-bells-for-two-culture-hounds-299390 |access-date=2023-09-12 |website=POLITICO |language=en}}</ref> In an interview with the ''Chicago Tribune'', Emanuel stated that he had been conferring with his wife and children for months before announcing the decision and that he felt it was time to "write the next chapter."<ref name="sept5">Bill Ruthhart, [http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/politics/ct-met-chicago-mayor-rahm-emanuel-wont-run-for-reelection-20180904-story.html Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel explains the surprise that shook the city and why he won't seek re-election] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180905200051/http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/politics/ct-met-chicago-mayor-rahm-emanuel-wont-run-for-reelection-20180904-story.html |date=September 5, 2018 }}, ''Chicago Tribune'' (October 5, 2018).</ref>