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Seaboard Air Line Railroad
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===Heavyweight trains=== The term [[Passenger car (rail)#1900β1950: Transition from wood to steel, new car types|''heavyweight'']] refers to trains consisting of passenger cars with all-steel construction, considered a great improvement in safety over the all-wooden or wood-and-steel cars of the 19th century. By 1910, nearly all major railroads were replacing their wooden passenger fleets with cars of heavyweight construction.{{Citation needed|date = December 2015}} ''Note: The history of train names on various Seaboard routes is complex, with some being temporarily replaced or discontinued for a year or two, then brought back, perhaps on a somewhat different routing (e.g., to both coasts of Florida or to only one); the following is merely a rough guide to the names of some of the major year-round trains Seaboard offered. Consult sources listed at the end of this article for exact details.''{{Citation needed|date = December 2015}} ''Before the Cross-Florida Extension from Coleman to West Palm Beach was completed in 1925 (and extended to Miami in 1927), Seaboard trains for cities on the Atlantic side of Florida were handled by the [[Florida East Coast Railway]] south of Jacksonville.''{{Citation needed|date = December 2015}} ====Pre World War II==== *'''''Florida and Metropolitan Limited''''', inaugurated January 14, 1901 ::Heavyweight winter-season only (December β April), all-[[Pullman (car or coach)|Pullman]], New York to both coasts of Florida; on January 1, 1903, renamed the '''''Seaboard Florida Limited''''' in winter (all first-class cars) and '''''Seaboard Florida Express''''' in summer; in 1930, replaced by the '''''New York-Florida Limited''''', carrying coaches and Pullmans; on December 12, 1941, it was renamed the '''''Palmland.''''' *'''''Atlanta Special''''', inaugurated 1901 ::Heavyweight coaches and Pullmans. Originally a connecting train from the main-line junction of [[Hamlet, North Carolina]], to Atlanta, in the early 1920s it began operating as a through service from Washington to Birmingham. It was renamed the '''''Seaboard Express''''' on April 12, 1903, later the '''''Atlanta-Birmingham Special''''' in 1911. With the addition of air-conditioned cars on April 28, 1935, it was renamed the '''''Robert E. Lee''''' and on May 18, 1947, the '''''Cotton Blossom'''''. [[Image:Seaboard Pullman Hollywood Beach.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Exterior view in 2007 of the 5-double-bedroom-buffet Sun Lounge car Hollywood Beach, now privately owned.]] *'''''Suwanee River Special''''', inaugurated November 8, 1921 ::Heavyweight coaches and Pullmans. This train carried passengers from Cincinnati and other Midwest points to the Gulf Coast resort cities of Tampa, St. Petersburg, Venice, and Naples. Handled by [[Southern Railway (U.S.)]] from Cincinnati via Atlanta to a connection with the Seaboard at [[Hampton, Florida]]. North of Cincinnati, Pullmans handled by other railroads provided through sleeping-car service to and from Chicago, Detroit, and Cleveland.{{Citation needed|date = December 2015}} *'''''New Orleans-Florida Limited''''', November 1924 β July 1949 ::Heavyweight coaches and Pullmans. From 1924 to 1929, this train carried the first and only transcontinental [[sleeping car]] in the United States,{{sfnp|Prince|2000}} a Pullman from Jacksonville to Los Angeles via a connection with the [[Southern Pacific Transportation Company|Southern Pacific Railroad]]'s ''[[Sunset Limited]]'' at New Orleans. Superseded by the streamlined '''''[[Gulf Wind]]''''' (see below).{{Citation needed|date = December 2015}} *'''''Cross Florida Day Service''''', '''''Cross Florida Night Service''''', 1925-early 1960s ::began with a 1925 predecessor (''Cross Florida Night Limited''); 1930 β early 1960s [[St. Petersburg, Florida|St. Petersburg]] β [[Miami]]; '''day service:''' bus: St. Petersburg β West Lake Wales, train: West Lake Wales β Miami; '''night service:''' coaches: St. Petersburg-Tampa, Tampa-West Lake Wales, West Lake Wales-Miami, sleepers: Tampa-Miami<ref>''Official Guide of the Railways'' January 1932, Seaboard Coast Line section</ref><ref>''Official Guide of the Railways'' June 1941, Seaboard Coast Line section</ref><ref>''Official Guide of the Railways'' December 1964, Seaboard Coast Line section</ref> *'''''[[Orange Blossom Special (train)|Orange Blossom Special]]''''', November 21, 1925 β April 26, 1953; due to wartime restrictions, did not run in the years 1942β1945.{{Citation needed|date = December 2015}} ::Heavyweight, winter-season only, all-Pullman, New York to Tampa/St. Petersburg, and West Palm Beach, later to Miami as well. The most luxurious SAL train of its time, introduced to entice wealthy tourists and businessmen to Florida during the land-boom era, its deluxe features included fresh flowers and fresh fish for the dining car, a library car and observation car, and a club car with a barber and shower bath. The OBS was later immortalized in a very famous [[Orange Blossom Special (song)|fiddle tune]] of the same name.{{Citation needed|date = December 2015}} *'''''Southern States Special''''', inaugurated May 5, 1929 ::Heavyweight coaches and Pullmans, New York to Florida; renamed the '''''Sun Queen''''' on December 12, 1941; renamed the '''''Camellia''''' on May 18, 1947; renamed '''''Sunland''''' on August 1, 1948. ====Post World War II==== *'''''Cotton Blossom''''', May 18, 1947 β April 24, 1955 ::All-coach, New York β Birmingham via Athens, Georgia and Atlanta. Name dropped on April 24, 1955, though the ''Cotton Blossom's'' numbers and timetable were still used by a "''Passenger, Mail & Express''" until the late 1968.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Goolsby |first1=Larry |title=Seaboard Air Line Railroad Passenger Service: The Streamlined Era |date=2011 |publisher=TLC Publishing Inc. |isbn=9780939487981 |pages=51, 52}}</ref> *'''''[[Gulf Wind]]''''', July 31, 1949 β April 30, 1971 ::Heavyweight coach cars and lightweight Pullman cars, Jacksonville β New Orleans via Tallahassee, Pensacola and Mobile. Handled jointly by SAL and the [[Louisville and Nashville Railroad]], with motive power changed at Chattahoochee.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Goolsby |first1=Larry |title=Seaboard Air Line Railroad Passenger Service: The Streamlined Era |date=2011 |publisher=TLC Publishing Inc. |isbn=9780939487981 |pages=53, 54}}</ref> *'''''Palmland''''', December 12, 1941 β April 30, 1971 ::Heavyweight coach cars and lightweight Pullman cars, New York β St.Petersburg/Miami. The route was cut back to Columbia, South Carolina as the southern terminus by Seaboard Coast Line by in 1968, and the train was not continued by Amtrak in 1971.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Goolsby |first1=Larry |title=Seaboard Air Line Railroad Passenger Service: The Streamlined Era |date=2011 |publisher=TLC Publishing Inc. |isbn=9780939487981 |pages=46β48}}</ref> *'''''Sunland''''', August 1, 1948 β December 1968 ::Coach and Pullman cars, New York β Tampa/Miami. Connections in Washington to New York and Boston. Connections in Washington to New York and Boston. The route was cut back to Jacksonville, Florida as the southern terminus by Seaboard Coast Line in February 1968, and later discontinued in December.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Goolsby |first1=Larry |title=Seaboard Air Line Railroad Passenger Service: The Streamlined Era |date=2011 |publisher=TLC Publishing Inc. |isbn=9780939487981 |pages=48 β 50, 124}}</ref>
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