Editing Spring (hydrology) (section)

==Cultural representations==
Springs have been represented in culture through art, mythology, and folklore throughout history. The [[Fountain of Youth]] is a mythical spring which was said to restore youth to anyone who drank from it.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sowers|first=Lloyd|date=2021-10-25|title=Water from St. Pete's famed Fountain of Youth contained high levels of lithium|url=https://www.fox13news.com/news/water-from-st-petes-famed-fountain-of-youth-contained-high-levels-of-lithium|access-date=2021-11-11|website=FOX 13 News|language=en-US}}</ref> It has been claimed that the fountain is located in [[St. Augustine, Florida]], and was discovered by [[Juan Ponce de León]] in 1513. However, it has not demonstrated the power to restore youth, and most historians dispute the veracity of Ponce de León's discovery.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Connolly|first=Patrick|date=November 5, 2020|title=St. Augustine Fountain of Youth may be Florida's oldest attraction|url=https://www.orlandosentinel.com/travel/central-florida-explorer/os-et-st-augustine-fountain-of-youth-florida-oldest-attraction-20201105-lwfpn6j3orbopfsgbi3cctzkha-story.html|access-date=2021-11-11|website=orlandosentinel.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Shaer|first=Matthew|date=June 2013|title=Ponce De Leon Never Searched for the Fountain of Youth|url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/ponce-de-leon-never-searched-for-the-fountain-of-youth-72629888/|access-date=2021-11-11|website=Smithsonian Magazine|language=en}}</ref>

Pythia, also known as the [[Oracle at Delphi]] was the high priestess of the [[Temple of Apollo (Delphi)|Temple of Apollo]]. She delivered prophesies in a frenzied state of divine possession that were "induced by vapours rising from a chasm in the rock". It is believed that the vapors were emitted from the Kerna spring at Delphi.<ref name="NYT-Delphi">{{cite news |last1=Broad |first1=William J. |title=For Delphic Oracle, Fumes and Visions |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/03/19/science/for-delphic-oracle-fumes-and-visions.html |access-date=13 November 2021 |work=The New York Times |date=19 March 2002}}</ref><ref name="SciAm-delphi">{{cite journal |last1=Hale |first1=John R. |last2=de Boer |first2=Jelle Zeilinga |last3=Chanton |first3=Jeffrey P. |last4=Spiller |first4=Henry A. |title=Questioning the Delphic Oracle |journal=Scientific American |date=August 2003 |volume=289 |issue=2 |pages=66–73 |doi=10.1038/scientificamerican0803-66 |jstor=26060404 |pmid=12884540 |bibcode=2003SciAm.289b..66H |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26060404 |access-date=13 November 2021|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

The Greek myth of [[Narcissus (mythology)|Narcissus]] describes a young man who fell in love with his reflection in the still pool of a spring. Narcissus gazed into "an unmuddied spring, silvery from its glittering waters, which neither shepherds nor she-goats grazing on the mountain nor any other cattle had touched, which neither bird nor beast nor branch fallen from a tree had disturbed." (Ovid)<ref name="Narcissus">{{cite journal |last1=Nelson |first1=Max |title=Narcissus: Myth and Magic |journal=The Classical Journal |date=April–May 2000 |volume=95 |issue=4 |pages=363–389 |jstor=3298150 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3298150 |access-date=13 November 2021}}</ref>

The early 20th century American photographer, [[James Reuel Smith]] created a comprehensive series of photographs documenting the historical springs of New York City before they were capped by the city after the advent of the municipal water system.<ref name="NYHS - brooklyn">{{cite web |title=James Reuel Smith springs and wells photograph collection 1893–1902 – Brooklyn collection |url=https://digitalcollections.nyhistory.org/islandora/object/nyhs%3Ajrsmith?f%5B0%5D=mods_subject_geographic_ms%3A%22Brooklyn%5C%20%5C%28New%5C%20York%2C%5C%20N.Y.%5C%29%5C-%5C-Photographs%22 |publisher=New York Historical Society digital collection |access-date=13 November 2021}}</ref> Smith later photographed springs in Europe leading to his book, ''Springs and Wells in Greek and Roman Literature, Their Legends and Locations'' (1922).<ref name="SWGRL">{{cite book |last1=Smith |first1=James Reuel |title=Springs and Wells in Greek and Roman Literature |date=1922 |publisher=G.P. Putnam's Sons |location=New York and London |url=https://archive.org/details/cu31924075437420 |access-date=13 November 2021}}</ref>

The 19th century Japanese artists [[Utagawa Hiroshige]] and [[Utagawa Toyokuni III]] created a series of [[Woodblock printing in Japan|wood-block prints]], ''Two Artists Tour the Seven Hot Springs (Sōhitsu shichitō meguri)'' in 1854.<ref name="FAMSF">{{cite web |title=Sokokura, from the series Two Artists Tour the Seven Hot Springs (Sōhitsu shichitō meguri) |url=https://art.famsf.org/utagawa-hiroshige/sokokura-series-two-artists-tour-seven-hot-springs-sōhitsu-shichitō-meguri |publisher=Fine Arts Museum of San Francisco |access-date=13 November 2021}}</ref>

The Chinese city [[Jinan]] is known as "a City of Springs" (Chinese: 泉城), because of its 72 spring attractions and numerous micro spring holes spread over the city centre.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Overview - Jinan, a City of Springs |url=http://english.jinan.gov.cn/col/col29554/index.html |access-date=2022-07-20 |website=english.jinan.gov.cn}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Jinan: a City of Springs |url=https://www.theworldofchinese.com/2020/04/jinan-a-city-of-springs/ |access-date=2022-07-20 |website=The World of Chinese |language=en}}</ref>
<gallery mode="packed" heights="120">
File:John William Waterhouse Echo And Narcissus.jpg|John William Waterhouse Echo And Narcissus, 1903
File:Lucas Cranach - Der Jungbrunnen (Gemäldegalerie Berlin).jpg|Lucas Cranach, ''Der Jungbrunnen (Fountain of Youth)'', 1546
File:Sokokura by Hiroshige2.jpg|''Sokokura, ''from the series'' Two Artists Tour the Seven Hot Springs (Sōhitsu shichitō meguri)'' by [[Utagawa Toyokuni III]] and [[Utagawa Hiroshige]], 1854
File:Oracle of Delphi, red-figure kylix, 440-430 BC, Kodros Painter, Berlin F 2538, 141668.jpg|Oracle of Delphi, red-figure kylix, Kodros Painter, depicting Pythia with a cup presumably holding water from a spring, 440–430 BC
File:A Woman Drinks at the Carmen Spring - James Reuel Smith.jpg|''A Woman Drinks at the Carmen Spring, on West 175th Street and Amsterdam Avenue, New York City'', by James Reuel Smith, {{Circa}} 1897–1902
File:چشمه بلقیس.png|[[Cheshme Belghais Garden|Belqais Spring Garden]], [[Charam, Iran]], is a [[Persian gardens|Persian garden]] where all the water sources are springs located within it.
</gallery>
[[File:2a Zhao Mengfu Autumn Colors on the Qiao and Hua Mountains (central part)Handscroll, ink and colors on paper, 28.4 x 93.2 cm National Palace Museum, Taipei.jpg|1000px|''Que Hua Qiu Se Tu,'' depicting the view of springs and mountains in Jinan, by [[Zhao Mengfu]], Song Dynasty (Chinese:鹊华秋色图)|alt=A Song Dynasty painting depicts the view of springs and mountains in Jinan by Zhao Mengfu(Chinese:鹊华秋色图）|center|thumb]]