Editing Automated Transfer Vehicle (section)

=== Proposed crewed version ===
{{main|CSTS}}
[[File:Automated Transfer Vehicle capsule - 3D render.jpg|thumb|A 3D rendering of the proposed ATV derived crewed transportation system.]]
Both the ESA and the manufacturing team have considered various programmes under which the ATV, or portions of the technologies composing it, would have been developed into a crewed configuration.<ref>Coppinger, Rob. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/europeans-jostle-for-cevbid-work-193655/ "Europeans jostle for CEVbid work."] ''Flight International'', 8 February 2005.</ref>

On 14 May 2008, aerospace company [[Airbus Defence and Space|EADS Astrium]] and the [[German Aerospace Center]] (DLR), announced that they were actively pursuing a development project with the aim of adapting the ATV into a crew transportation system.<ref>{{cite news | title = Europe could get manned spaceship |work=BBC News | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7398517.stm | date=13 May 2008 | access-date=1 January 2010}}</ref> In the envisioned configuration, the craft would be able to launch a 3-person crew beyond [[Low Earth orbit|LEO]] via use of a modified version of the [[Ariane 5]] rocket and would be more spacious than the Russian Soyuz. A mock-up of the proposed craft was publicly displayed at the 2008 [[Internationale Luft- und Raumfahrtausstellung|International Aerospace Exhibition]] in Berlin.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite news | title = Berlin unveils 'crewed spaceship' |work=BBC News | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7419793.stm | date=28 May 2008 | access-date=1 January 2010}}</ref> If the project were to have been given ESA approval, development would have proceeded in two stages:<ref>{{cite news | title = Celebrating the Accomplishment, Preparing the Future&nbsp;— New Challenges in Human Spaceflight and Exploration ' | publisher = ESA | url = http://www.esa.int/esapub/bulletin/bulletin135/bul135b_dipippo.pdf }}</ref>

* The first stage would have involved the development of an Advanced Reentry Vehicle (ARV)<ref name="esa2">{{cite web | title = End-to-end European transportation capability: The Advanced Reentry Vehicle | publisher = ESA | url =http://www.esa.int/esaHS/SEMKCY4DHNF_iss_0.html|access-date=8 March 2015 }}</ref> capable of transporting up to 1,500&nbsp;kg of cargo from space to earth safely (see ''CARV'' above) by 2015.<ref name="esa1">{{cite web | title = 'Jules Verne' Automated Transfer Vehicle (ATV) Information Kit | publisher = ESA | url = http://esamultimedia.esa.int/docs/ATV/infokit/english/Complete_Infokit_ATVreentry.pdf |access-date=8 March 2015}}</ref> This capability would be available to ESA even if further development were to be halted. It would prove useful in the ISS program as well as the proposed [[Mars Sample Return Mission]] with NASA. ARV development would make use of work done on the [[Atmospheric Reentry Demonstrator]], [[Crew Return Vehicle]] and related projects. The budget for this stage of the ATV overhaul would reportedly be €300&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite news | title = Europe Plans to Build Manned Spaceship |work=Der Spiegel | url = http://www.spiegel.de/international/europe/0,1518,553276,00.html |access-date=8 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | title = European manned spaceship design unveiled in Berlin | publisher = The Register | url = https://www.theregister.co.uk/2008/05/28/esa_jules_verne_manned_ship_plan/ |date = 28 May 2008}}</ref><ref name="flightglobal1">{{cite news | title = ESA aims for manned capsule by 2020 | work = FlightGlobal | url = http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2008/07/21/225944/esa-aims-for-manned-capsule-by-2020.html |date= 21 July 2008}}</ref>
* The second stage would adapt the then existing capsule to be able to transport people safely as well as upgrade the propulsion and other systems in the service module and would last 4 to 5 years at a cost of "a couple of billion <nowiki>[</nowiki>euro<nowiki>]</nowiki>" according to a senior Astrium representative.<ref name="autogenerated1"/><ref>{{cite news | title = Europe Plans Manned Spaceship |work=Business Week | url = http://www.businessweek.com/globalbiz/content/may2008/gb20080514_021347.htm | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080520181241/http://www.businessweek.com/globalbiz/content/may2008/gb20080514_021347.htm | url-status = dead | archive-date = 20 May 2008 |date = 14 May 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Europe Aims For Re-entry Spacecraft | date = 15 October 2008 | publisher = [[Space.com]] | url = http://www.space.com/businesstechnology/081015-tw-future-launcher.html|access-date=8 March 2015}}</ref>

In November 2008, ESA ministers budgeted for a feasibility study into developing a re-entry capsule for the ATV, a requirement for developing either a cargo return capacity or a crew version of the ATV.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/7749761.stm |work=BBC News | title=Europe's 10bn-euro space vision | date=26 November 2008 | access-date=31 March 2010}}</ref> On 7 July 2009, the ESA signed a €21&nbsp;million study contract with EADS Astrium.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.space-airbusds.com/en/news2/atv-johannes-kepler-put-through-its-paces-k1e.html |title=ATV 'Johannes Kepler' put through its paces |access-date=15 January 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170109183909/http://www.space-airbusds.com/en/news2/atv-johannes-kepler-put-through-its-paces-k1e.html |archive-date=9 January 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.esa.int/esaHS/SEMJQF6CTWF_index_0.html |title=ESA Human Spaceflight and Exploration – Advanced Reentry Vehicle activities begin with contract signature |publisher=ESA |date=7 July 2009 |access-date=1 March 2011}}</ref> The ARV effort was ultimately discontinued after completing the B1 stage due to fiscal constraints resulting from the [[2008 financial crisis]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.euronews.net/2011/05/18/the-space-truck/ |title=The Space Truck |publisher=euronews |date=18 May 2011 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110605194331/http://www.euronews.net/2011/05/18/the-space-truck/| archive-date= 5 June 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref>