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Classical liberalism
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=== Classical liberal parties or parties with classical liberal factions === {{div col|colwidth=32em}} * Argentina: [[Republican Proposal]], [[La Libertad Avanza|Liberty Advances]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.lanacion.com.ar/economia/punto-por-punto-el-plan-de-gobierno-que-presento-javier-milei-nid02082023/ |title=Punto por punto: el plan de gobierno que presentó Javier Milei |date=4 August 2023}}</ref> * Australia: [[Liberal Party of Australia]],<ref>{{cite book |first=Kuo-Tsai |last=Liou |title=Handbook of Economic Development |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cxxJkKYAzioC&pg=PA357 |year=1998 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-1461671756 |page=357}}</ref> [[Libertarian Party (Australia)|Libertarian Party]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.spectator.co.uk/australia/australia-features/9029251/in-praise-of-the-liberal-democrats/ |title=In praise of Australia's Liberal Democrats » The Spectator}}</ref> * Austria: [[NEOS – The New Austria and Liberal Forum]], [[Freedom Party of Austria]] (factions) * Belgium: [[Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats]], [[Reformist Movement]] * Brazil: [[New Party (Brazil)|New Party]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://novo.org.br/novo/posicionamentos/|title=Posicionamentos}}</ref> * Canada: [[Liberal Party of Canada|Liberal Party]], [[Conservative Party of Canada|Conservative Party]] (factions), [[Libertarian Party of Canada|Libertarian Party]], [[People's Party of Canada|People's Party]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/liberals-conservatives-people-s-1.4822178|title=Maxime Bernier's new party stakes out classical liberal values: Don Pittis|access-date=21 July 2022|archive-date=23 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523030442/https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/liberals-conservatives-people-s-1.4822178|url-status=live}}</ref> * Chile: [[Evópoli]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.evopoli.cl/un-manifiesto-liberal/|title=Un manifiesto liberal|date=24 September 2018}}</ref> * Denmark: {{Lang|da|[[Venstre (Denmark)|Venstre]]|italic=no}},<ref>{{cite book|editor=Thomas J. DiLorenzo |title=The Problem with Socialism |date=2016 |page=82 |publisher=Simon and Schuster}}</ref> [[Moderates (Denmark)|Moderates]], [[Liberal Alliance (Denmark)|Liberal Alliance]]<ref>{{cite book|editor=Marco Lisi |title=Party System Change, the European Crisis and the State of Democracy |date=2018 |publisher=Routledge}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|editor=Mark Salmon, Culture Smart! |title=Denmark – Culture Smart!: The Essential Guide to Customs & Culture |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WuiIDwAAQBAJ&dq=classical+liberal+Liberal+Alliance&pg=PT37 |quote= Liberal Alliance Formerly New Alliance, Liberal Alliance are a center right, classical liberal party formed in 2007 by former members of the Social Liberal Party and the Conservative People's Party. |date=2019 |publisher=Kuperard|isbn=978-1787029187}}</ref> * Estonia: [[Estonian Reform Party]]<ref>{{cite book |editor=Arturo Bris |title=The Right Place: How National Competitiveness Makes or Breaks Companies |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9fMxEAAAQBAJ&dq=Iceland+classical+liberal+Reform+Party&pg=PT314 |date=2021 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=978-1000327793}}</ref> * Finland: [[Liberal Party – Freedom to Choose]] * France: [[Renaissance (French political party)|Renaissance]]<ref>{{cite book|editor=Christopher J. Bickerton, Carlo Invernizzi Accetti |title=Technopopulism: The New Logic of Democratic Politics |date=2021 |page=60 |publisher=Oxford University Press}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/macron-scrambling-to-salvage-liberal-reputation-worldwide-after-targeting-islam |title=Macron Scrambling to Salvage Liberal Reputation Worldwide After Targeting Islam |work=[[The Daily Beast]] |date=12 November 2020 |access-date=11 December 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|editor=Slavoj Zizek |title=Like a Thief in Broad Daylight: Power in the Era of Post-Human Capitalism |date=2019 |publisher=Seven Stories Press}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|editor=William Smaldone |title=European Socialism: A Concise History with Documents |date=2019 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefields}}</ref> * Georgia: [[Girchi — More Freedom]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.aldeparty.eu/girchi_more_freedom |title=Girchi-More Freedom |publisher=aldeparty.eu }}{{Dead link|date=May 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> [[Girchi]] * Germany: [[Free Democratic Party (Germany)|Free Democratic Party]]<ref>{{cite book|editor=Brian Duignan|title=The Science and Philosophy of Politics|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ye-cAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA121|year=2013|publisher=Britannica Educational Publishing|isbn=978-1615307487|page=121}}</ref> * Iceland: [[Viðreisn]] * India: [[Lok Satta Party]]<ref name="ideology">{{cite web|url=http://www.loksatta.org/loksatta-government-people|title=Loksatta - Government 'by' the people|website=Loksatta Party|access-date=2016-04-11|archive-date=15 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180315001151/http://www.loksatta.org/loksatta-government-people|url-status=dead}}</ref> * India: [[Swatantra Bharat Paksh]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Why SBP – Swatantra Bharat Party |url=https://www.swatantra.org.in/why-swarna-bharat-party/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240302000051/https://www.swatantra.org.in/why-swarna-bharat-party/ |archive-date=2024-03-02 |access-date=2024-10-26 |language=en-US}}</ref> * Latvia: [[For Latvia's Development]], [[Movement For!]] * Lithuania: [[Liberals' Movement (Lithuania)|Liberals' Movement]] * Luxembourg: [[Democratic Party (Luxembourg)|Democratic Party]] * Netherlands: [[People's Party for Freedom and Democracy]], [[Belang van Nederland]] * New Zealand: [[New Zealand National Party]],<ref>{{cite book|editor=Natacha Gagné |title=Being M?ori in the City: Indigenous Everyday Life in Auckland |date=2013 |page=3 |publisher=University of Toronto Press}}</ref> [[ACT New Zealand]]<ref>{{cite speech|title=Our classical liberal tribe|url=http://www.act.org.nz/posts/speech-our-classical-liberal-tribe|website=www.act.org.nz|publisher=ACT New Zealand|access-date=8 February 2017|date=23 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211075239/http://www.act.org.nz/posts/speech-our-classical-liberal-tribe|archive-date=11 February 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Norway: {{Lang|no|[[Liberal Party (Norway)|Venstre]]|italic=no}},<ref>{{cite book|author=Jens Rydström|title=Odd Couples: A History of Gay Marriage in Scandinavia|url=https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/34648/381654.pdf;jsessionid=DE789FAC51B1C4767310C2A1E0FFCE91?sequence=1|page=97|date=2011|publisher=aksant|isbn=9789052603810}}</ref> [[Progress Party (Norway)|Progress Party]] * Poland: [[Modern (political party)|Modern]],<ref>{{cite book |editor=Marek Payerhin |title=Nordic, Central, and Southeastern Europe 2016–2017 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-v_lDAAAQBAJ&dq=classical+liberal+Nowoczesna+Poland&pg=PA339 |quote= Another new movement was the Modern of Ryszard Petru, later styled as Modern (Nowoczesna) or simply ".N." This classical liberal party created by an economist, Ryszard Petru, received 7.6% of votes and 28 seats in the Sejm (it later gained an additional deputy who left Kukiz'15) |date=2016 |page=339 |publisher=[[Rowman & Littlefield]]|isbn=978-1475828979}}</ref> [[Civic Platform]]<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S8ICDAAAQBAJ&q=%22Civic&pg=PA207|author=Alan G. Smith|title=A Comparative Introduction to Political Science: Contention and Cooperation|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|year=2016|page=207|isbn=9781442252608}}</ref> * Portugal: [[Liberal Initiative (Portugal)|Liberal Initiative]], <ref>{{cite web |url=https://observador.pt/programas/emissao-especial/il-nao-ganhou-estas-eleicoes-mas-ganhou-o-futuro/ |title=Cotrim Figueiredo: Iniciativa Liberal "não ganhou estas eleições mas ganhou o futuro" |website=Observador.pt}}</ref> [[Social Democratic Party (Portugal)|Social Democratic Party]] * Romania: [[National Liberal Party (Romania)|National Liberal Party]] * Russia: [[Yabloko]], [[People's Freedom Party (Russia)|PARNAS]] * Serbia: [[Liberal Democratic Party of Serbia]] * Slovakia: [[Freedom and Solidarity]]<ref>{{cite web|work=Online-Slovakia|title=Political parties and elections in Slovakia|accessdate=3 April 2018|url=http://www.online-slovakia.com/politics/elections.html|archive-date=6 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231006230227/http://www.online-slovakia.com/politics/elections.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="EFDD">{{cite web|url=http://www.efddgroup.eu/images/publications/Who_Is_Who.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328224828/http://www.efddgroup.eu/images/publications/Who_Is_Who.pdf|archivedate=28 March 2019|quote=Freedom and Solidarity (Slovak: Sloboda a Solidarita, SaS): Limited government, EU-sceptic, Euro-critical, classical-Liberal/Libertarian|title=Who is Who? On the EU-Critical Right of Centre|work=[[Europe of Freedom and Direct Democracy]]|page=43|year=2018}}</ref> * South Africa: [[Democratic Alliance (South Africa)|Democratic Alliance]],<ref name=Sussex>{{cite journal|url=http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/78243/3/Manuscript-Ideology%20and%20the%20good%20society%20in%20South%20Africa-%20The%20education%20policies%20of%20the%20Democratic%20Alliance.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190819072334/http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/78243/3/Manuscript-Ideology%20and%20the%20good%20society%20in%20South%20Africa-%20The%20education%20policies%20of%20the%20Democratic%20Alliance.pdf |archive-date=2019-08-19 |url-status=live|title=Ideology and the good society in South Africa: the education policies of the Democratic Alliance|author=Yusuf Sayed and Robert Van Niekerk|journal=Southern African Review of Education, 23 (1)|pages=52–69|issn=1563-4418}}</ref> [[ActionSA]]<ref name="Africa Elects South Africa">{{Cite web |title=South Africa • Africa Elects |url=https://africaelects.com/south-africa/ |access-date=21 January 2025 |website=Africa Elects |language=en}}</ref> * Spain: [[Citizens (Spanish political party)|Citizens]], [[People's Party (Spain)|People's Party]] * Sweden: [[Liberals (Sweden)|Liberals]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sv.se/globalassets/sv-region-skane/dokument/liberalismens-grundvarden.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200808040019/https://www.sv.se/globalassets/sv-region-skane/dokument/liberalismens-grundvarden.pdf |archive-date=2020-08-08 |url-status=live|title=Liberalismens grundvärden|website=Sv.se|access-date=21 February 2022}}</ref> [[Classical Liberal Party (Sweden)|Classical Liberal Party]], [[Moderate Party]] * Switzerland: [[FDP.The Liberals]] * Thailand: [[Democrat Party (Thailand)|Democrat Party]]<ref>{{Citation |first=Evan S. |last=Medeiros |title=Pacific Currents: The Responses of U.S. Allies and Security Partners in East Asia to China's Rise |publisher=RAND |year=2008 |page=130}}</ref> * Turkey: [[Liberal Democratic Party (Turkey)|Liberal Democratic Party]] * United Kingdom: [[Liberal Democrats (UK)|Liberal Democrats]], [[Liberal Party (UK, 1989)|Liberal Party]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://liberal.org.uk/introduction-to-the-liberal-party-policies/|title=Introduction to The Liberal Party Policies|website=liberal.org.uk|access-date=12 July 2022|archive-date=24 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220524051332/https://liberal.org.uk/introduction-to-the-liberal-party-policies/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]] (factions) * United States: [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] (factions), [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]] (factions), [[Liberal Party USA]], [[Libertarian Party (United States)|Libertarian Party]] * Venezuela: [[Come Venezuela]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ventevenezuela.org/nosotros/|title=Nosotros|date=23 May 2023}}</ref> {{div col end}}
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