Editing Comparative genomic hybridization (section)

====In cancer research====
CGH data from several studies of the same tumor type show consistent patterns of non-random genetic aberrations.<ref name="Forozan,Karhu,Kononen,Kallioniemi,Kallioniemi">{{cite journal | vauthors = Forozan F, Karhu R, Kononen J, Kallioniemi A, Kallioniemi OP | year = 1997 | title = Genome screening by comparative genomic hybridization | journal = Trends Genet | volume = 13 | issue = 10| pages = 405–409 | doi=10.1016/s0168-9525(97)01244-4| pmid = 9351342 }}</ref> Some of these changes appear to be common to various kinds of malignant tumors, while others are more tumor specific. For example, gains of chromosomal regions lq, 3q and 8q, as well as losses of 8p, 13q, 16q and 17p, are common to a number of tumor types, such as breast, ovarian, prostate, renal and bladder cancer (Figure. 3). Other alterations, such as 12p and Xp gains in testicular cancer, 13q gain 9q loss in bladder cancer, 14q loss in renal cancer and Xp loss in ovarian cancer are more specific, and might reflect the unique selection forces operating during cancer development in different organs.<ref name="Forozan,Karhu,Kononen,Kallioniemi,Kallioniemi" /> Array CGH is also frequently used in research and diagnostics of B cell malignancies, such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia.