Editing Crust punk (section)

===Black metal===
Crust punk and [[black metal]] evolved alongside one another, with the members of early crust band [[Amebix]] and [[first-wave black metal]] band [[Hellhammer]] [[tape trading]] with one another.<ref name="Hobson, 2022">{{cite web |last1=Hobson |first1=Rich |title=The 12 heaviest punk albums of all time |url=https://www.loudersound.com/features/the-12-heaviest-punk-albums-of-all-time |website=[[Metal Hammer]] |access-date=30 December 2024}}</ref> Thus, pioneering black metal bands such as Hellhammer, [[Bathory (band)|Bathory]] and [[Mayhem (band)|Mayhem]] were inspired by crust punk,<ref>{{cite book|last1=Patterson|first1=Dayal|title=Black Metal: Evolution of the Cult|date=2013|publisher=Feral House|location=Port Townsend|isbn=9781936239757|page=249 |quote=Just as earlier bands such as Venom, Bathory, Hellhammer, and Mayhem took inspiration from hardcore and crust punk alongside extreme metal, so have more contemporary groups such as Japan's Gallhammer, Canada's Iskra, and Sweden's Martyrdöd.}}</ref> and early crust punk bands such as [[Sacrilege (band)|Sacrilege]], Amebix and Antisect were influenced by Hellhammer and [[Celtic Frost]].<ref name="Rise of Crust"/>

====Blackened crust====
[[File:Vivian Slaughter.jpg|thumb|right|Vivian Slaughter of blackened crust band [[Gallhammer]]|150px]]
Crust punk was affected by a second wave of black metal in the 1990s, with some bands emphasising these black metal elements. Iskra are probably the most obvious example of [[Black metal#Second wave|second-wave black metal]]-influenced crust punk;<ref name=iskra>[http://iskra.ws/interviews.html Iskra Interviews] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615141533/http://iskra.ws/interviews.html |date=15 June 2006 }}.</ref> Iskra coined their own phrase "blackened crust" to describe their new style. The [[Japan]]ese group [[Gallhammer]] also fused crust punk with black metal<ref>"Hard of Hearing", ''Terrorizer'' no. 171, June 2008, p. 56.</ref> while the English band Fukpig merge elements of crust punk, black metal, and grindcore.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://supersonicfestival.com/event/fukpig/|title=Fukpig|date=22 October 2010|website=Supersonic Festival|access-date=24 March 2019}}</ref><ref>"C: Do you think that FUKPIG has founded a style of his own? Misery: Nah its just d-beat crust, with added horror C: and then What difference to FUKPIG from the rest of the bands? Misery: We add more black metal / horror influences, but are still inspired by the same things C: Is Necro-Punk your style? Misery: Yeah, necro in the black metal style playing crust punk, so yeah Necro Punk." [http://www.clandestinemetalzine.cl/interviews/interview_fukpig.html Interview: Fukpig] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131110010121/http://www.clandestinemetalzine.cl/interviews/interview_fukpig.html |date=10 November 2013 }}</ref> Germany's [[Downfall of Gaia]] mix crustgrind and black metal, along with elements of [[sludge metal]], [[doom metal]] and [[post-metal]].<ref name="NCS">{{cite web|title=Downfall of Gaia: "''Aeon Unveils the Thrones of Decay''"|url=http://www.nocleansinging.com/2014/12/04/downfall-of-gaia-aeon-unveils-the-thrones-of-decay/|last=Weber|first=Austin|publisher=[[No Clean Singing]]|date=4 December 2014|access-date=20 October 2016}}</ref> North Carolina's [[Young and in the Way]] have been playing blackened crust since their formation in 2009.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Zorgdrager |first1=Bradley |title=Young and in the Way When Life Comes to Death |url=https://exclaim.ca/music/article/young_in_way-when_life_comes_to_death |website=[[Exclaim!]] |access-date=19 July 2018}}</ref> In addition, [[Norway|Norwegian]] band [[Darkthrone]] have incorporated crust punk traits in their mid-to-late 2000s material. As Daniel Ekeroth wrote in 2008,
{{blockquote|In a very ironic paradox, black metal and crust punk have recently started to embrace one another. Members of Darkthrone and Satyricon have lately claimed that they love punk, while among crusties, black metal is the latest fashion. In fact, the latest album by crust punk band [[Skitsystem]] sounds very black metal--while the latest black metal opus by Darkthrone sounds very punk! This would have been unimaginable in the early 90s.|<ref name=Ekeroth258>Ekeroth, p. 258.</ref>}}

====Red and anarchist black metal====
Red and anarchist black metal (also known as RABM or anarchist black metal)<ref name="stormofsedition">{{Cite web|url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/storm-of-sedition-decivilize/|title=Canadian Crust Punks Storm of Sedition Go Off the Grid on Their Furious New 'Decivilize' LP|website=NOISEY|date=April 2016 |access-date=10 May 2016}}</ref><ref name="skagos">{{Cite web|url=http://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/17741-skagos-anarchic/|title=Skagos: Anarchic Album Review {{!}} Pitchfork|website=pitchfork.com|access-date=10 May 2016}}</ref><ref name="vidargangr">{{Cite web|url=http://www.lordsofmetal.nl/en/reviews/view/id/32103|title=Review Vidargangr – A World That has To Be Opposed|last=Berto|website=Lords of Metal|access-date=10 May 2016}}</ref> is a subgenre that melds black metal with anarchist crust punk, promoting ideologies such as [[anarchism]], [[environmentalism]], or [[Marxism]].<ref name="StuBru">{{Cite web|url=https://stubru.be/dezwaarstelijst/dezwaarstemetalgids66metalgenresineenzinuitgelegd|title=De Zwaarste Metalgids: 66 metalgenres in één zin uitgelegd|website=[[Studio Brussel]]|access-date=20 February 2021|language=de}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gevorgyan|first=Elen|url=https://baec.aua.am/files/2020/09/Elen-Gevorgyan_Music-Ideology-and-How-They-Interact.-From-Sacred-Music-to-Black-Metal-1.pdf|title=Music, Ideology and How They Interact: A Journey from Sacred Music to Black Metal|website=[[American University of Armenia]]|access-date=20 February 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite conference |url=https://www.academia.edu/38849811 |title=Black Metal Theory Symposium Program |last=Nonjon |first=Adrien |date=2019 |publisher=[[University of Ljubljana]] |access-date=20 February 2021}}</ref><ref name="panopticon">{{Cite web|url=http://www.popmatters.com/column/161118-if-it-aint-got-no-blastbeat-its-not-my-revolution-panopticon/|title=If It Ain't Got No Blastbeat, It's Not My Revolution: Panopticon|website=PopMatters|date=19 July 2012 |access-date=10 May 2016}}</ref> Artists labelled RABM include Iskra, [[Panopticon (band)|Panopticon]], Skagos,<ref name="panopticon"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/17741-skagos-anarchic/|title=Skagos: Anarchic Album Review – Pitchfork|website=pitchfork.com}}</ref> Storm of Sedition,<ref name="stormofsedition"/> Not A Cost,<ref name="stormofsedition"/> Black Kronstadt,<ref name="stormofsedition"/> and Vidargangr.<ref name="vidargangr"/>