Editing Ergative–absolutive alignment (section)

=== Caucasus and Near East ===
* [[Hurrian language|Hurrian]] (extinct)
* [[Urartian language|Urartian]] (extinct)
* [[Sumerian language|Sumerian]] (extinct)<ref>{{cite journal |last=Michalowski |first=P. |year=1980 |title=Sumerian as an Ergative Language I |journal=Journal of Cuneiform Studies |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=86–103 |doi=10.2307/1359671 |jstor=1359671|s2cid=164022054 }}</ref>
* [[South Caucasian languages|South Caucasian]]: [[Georgian language|Georgian]], [[Laz language|Laz]]
* [[Northeast Caucasian languages|Northeast Caucasian]]: [[Chechen language|Chechen]],  [[Lezgian language|Lezgian]], [[Tsez language|Tsez]], [[Archi language|Archi]] ([[endangered languages|endangered]])
* [[Northwest Caucasian languages|Northwest Caucasian]]: [[Abkhaz language|Abkhaz]], [[Circassian language|Circassian]], [[Ubykh language|Ubykh]] (extinct)
* [[Kurdish language|Kurdish]]: [[Gorani language (Zaza-Gorani)|Gorani]],<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UQKCofxuhlMC&pg=PA166|title = Differential Subject Marking|isbn = 9781402064975|last1 = Hoop|first1 = Helen de|last2 = Swart|first2 = Peter de|date = 4 December 2007| publisher=Springer }}</ref> [[Zaza language|Zazaki]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://home.utah.edu/~u0587010/Papers_files/zazaki-lightverbs.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2012-11-14 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130412222337/http://home.utah.edu/~u0587010/Papers_files/zazaki-lightverbs.pdf |archive-date=2013-04-12 }} (Aniko Csirmaz and Markéta Ceplová,  Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Zazaki is an ergative language)</ref><ref>http://roa.rutgers.edu/files/744-0605/744-ARKADIEV-0-0.PDF (Zazaki is an ergative language, page 17-18)</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Hoop |first=Helen de |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UQKCofxuhlMC&pg=PA166 |title=Differential Subject Marking |last2=Swart |first2=Peter de |date=2007-12-04 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-1-4020-6497-5 |language=en}}</ref> [[Sorani]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/229004264|title=A Derivational Account for Sorani Kurdish Passives|author=Géraldine Walther|date=1 January 2011|work=ResearchGate|access-date=10 May 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kurdishacademy.org/?q=fa/node/426|title=What Sorani Kurdish Absolute Prepositions Tell Us about Cliticization - Kurdish Academy of Language|work=kurdishacademy.org|access-date=10 May 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Walther |first=Géraldine |date=2012 |title=Fitting into morphological structure: accounting for Sorani Kurdish endoclitics |url=https://pasithee.library.upatras.gr/mmm/article/view/2437/2696 |journal=Mediterranean Morphology Meetings |volume=8 |pages=299–321 |doi=10.26220/mmm.2437}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://linguistlist.org/deletedpage/|title=Ergativität im Sorani-Kurdischen?|first=Thomas|last=Jügel|date=September 17, 2007|via=linguistlist.org}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130412222124/http://www.lotpublications.nl/publish/articles/001993/bookpart.pdf |url=http://www.lotpublications.nl/publish/articles/001993/bookpart.pdf |access-date=2012-11-14 |archive-date=2013-04-12 |url-status=dead |title=Chapter 5. Split ergativity}} (Sorani is ergative, page 255)</ref> and [[Kurmanji]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lotpublications.nl/publish/articles/001993/bookpart.pdf |title=Chapter 5. Split ergativity |access-date=2012-11-14 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130412222124/http://www.lotpublications.nl/publish/articles/001993/bookpart.pdf |archive-date=2013-04-12 }} (kurmanji is ergative)</ref><ref>{{Cite thesis |last=Mahalingappa |first=Laura Jahnavi |title=The acquisition of split-ergativity in Kurmanji Kurdish |date=2009 |degree=Ph.D. |publisher=The University of Texas at Austin |url=http://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/handle/2152/ETD-UT-2009-12-448}}</ref><ref>[http://www.ling.upenn.edu/nwav/abstracts/nwav36_mahalingappa.pdf Abstract. Laura J. Mahalingappa - University of Texas at Austin] upenn.edu</ref>

Several scholars have hypothesized that [[Proto-Indo-European language|Proto-Indo-European]] was an ergative language, although this hypothesis is controversial.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Bavant|first=Marc|year=2008|title=Proto-Indo-European Ergativity... Still To Be Discussed|journal=Poznań Studies in Contemporary Linguistics|volume=44|issue=4|pages=433–447|doi=10.2478/v10010-008-0022-y|doi-access=free|hdl=10593/7433|s2cid=55922477}}</ref>