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Functional genomics
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====MS and AP/MS==== {{Main|Protein mass spectrometry|Affinity purification}} [[Mass spectrometry]] (MS) can identify proteins and their relative levels, hence it can be used to study protein expression. When used in combination with [[affinity purification]], [[mass spectrometry]] (AP/MS) can be used to study protein complexes, that is, which proteins interact with one another in complexes and in which ratios. In order to purify protein complexes, usually a "bait" protein is tagged with a specific protein or peptide that can be used to pull out the complex from a complex mix. The purification is usually done using an antibody or a compound that binds to the fusion part. The proteins are then digested into short [[peptide]] fragments and mass spectrometry is used to identify the proteins based on the mass-to-charge ratios of those fragments.
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