Editing General circulation model (section)

===Earth system models===
GCMs can form part of [[Earth system model]]s, e.g. by coupling [[ice sheet model]]s for the dynamics of the [[Greenland ice sheet|Greenland]] and [[Antarctic ice sheet]]s, and one or more [[chemical transport model]]s (CTMs) for [[chemical species|species]] important to climate. Thus a carbon chemistry transport model may allow a GCM to better predict [[human impact on the environment|anthropogenic]] changes in [[carbon dioxide]] concentrations. In addition, this approach allows accounting for inter-system feedback: e.g. chemistry-climate models allow the effects of climate change on the [[Ozone depletion|ozone hole]] to be studied.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theozonehole.com/climate.htm|title=Tango in the Atmosphere: Ozone and Climate Change|last=Allen|first=Jeannie|date=February 2004|publisher=NASA Earth Observatory|access-date=1 September 2005|archive-date=11 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191011210348/http://www.theozonehole.com/climate.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>