Editing HIV vaccine development (section)

==Future work==

There have been reports that HIV patients coinfected with ''[[GB virus C]]'' (GBV-C), also called hepatitis G virus, can survive longer than those without GBV-C, but the patients may be different in other ways. GBV-C is potentially useful in the future development of an HIV vaccine.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Bagasra O, Bagasra AU, Sheraz M, Pace DG | title = Potential utility of GB virus type C as a preventive vaccine for HIV-1 | journal = Expert Review of Vaccines | volume = 11 | issue = 3 | pages = 335–47 | date = March 2012 | pmid = 22380825 | doi = 10.1586/erv.11.191 | s2cid = 26476119 }}</ref>

Live attenuated vaccines are highly successful against polio, rotavirus and measles, but have not been tested against HIV in humans. Reversion to live virus has been a theoretical safety concern that has to date prevented clinical development of a live attenuated HIV-1 vaccine. Scientists are researching novel strategies to develop a non-virulent live attenuated HIV-1 vaccine. For example, a genetically modified form of HIV has been created in which the virus's [[codons]] (a sequence of three [[nucleotides]] that form genetic code) are manipulated to rely on an [[Non-proteinogenic amino acids|unnatural amino acid]] for proper protein translation, which allows it to replicate. Because this amino acid is foreign to the human body, the virus cannot reproduce.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Wang N, Li Y, Niu W, Sun M, Cerny R, Li Q, Guo J | title = Construction of a live-attenuated HIV-1 vaccine through genetic code expansion | journal = Angewandte Chemie | volume = 53 | issue = 19 | pages = 4867–71 | date = May 2014 | pmid = 24715496 | pmc = 4984542 | doi = 10.1002/anie.201402092 }}</ref> Recent evidence suggests using universal CAR NK cells against HIV<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Perera Molligoda Arachchige |first=Arosh S |date=2022-03-25 |title=NK cell-based therapies for HIV infection: Investigating current advances and future possibilities |url=https://academic.oup.com/jleukbio/article/111/4/921/6885120 |journal=Journal of Leukocyte Biology |language=en |volume=111 |issue=4 |pages=921–931 |doi=10.1002/JLB.5RU0821-412RR |pmid=34668588 |issn=0741-5400|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Arachchige |first=Arosh S. Perera Molligoda |date=2021 |title=A universal CAR-NK cell approach for HIV eradication |journal=AIMS Allergy and Immunology |language=en |volume=5 |issue=3 |pages=192–194 |doi=10.3934/Allergy.2021015 |issn=2575-615X |doi-access=free }}</ref>

===ECB 46===
It seems that Ecb 46 can functionally cure Hiv-1 and Hiv-2 through kick and kill strategy.