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Internal validity
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=== Mutual-internal-validity problem === Experiments that have high internal validity can produce phenomena and results that have no relevance in real life, resulting in the mutual-internal-validity problem.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Schram|first=Arthur|date=2005-06-01|title=Artificiality: The tension between internal and external validity in economic experiments|url=https://doi.org/10.1080/13501780500086081|journal=Journal of Economic Methodology|volume=12|issue=2|pages=225β237|doi=10.1080/13501780500086081|s2cid=145588503 |issn=1350-178X|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Lin|first1=Hause|last2=Werner|first2=Kaitlyn M.|last3=Inzlicht|first3=Michael|date=2021-02-16|title=Promises and Perils of Experimentation: The Mutual-Internal-Validity Problem|url=https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691620974773|journal=Perspectives on Psychological Science|volume=16 |issue=4 |language=en|pages=854β863|doi=10.1177/1745691620974773|pmid=33593177 |s2cid=231877717 |issn=1745-6916}}</ref> It arises when researchers use experimental results to develop theories and then use those theories to design theory-testing experiments. This mutual feedback between experiments and theories can lead to theories that explain only phenomena and results in artificial laboratory settings but not in real life.
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