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Jonathan Swift
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===Literary=== [[File:Swiftdeathmask.jpg|thumb|upright|Swift's [[death mask]]]] [[John Ruskin]] named him as one of the three people in history who were the most influential for him.<ref>In the preface of the 1871 edition of ''Sesame and Lilies'' Ruskin mentions three figures from literary history with whom he feels an affinity: [[Guido Guinicelli]], [[Jean-François Marmontel|Marmontel]] and Dean Swift; see John Ruskin, [https://books.google.com/books?id=aCUVAAAAYAAJ ''Sesame and lilies: three lectures''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160611024316/https://books.google.com/books?id=aCUVAAAAYAAJ&dq= |date=11 June 2016 }}, Smith, Elder, & Co., 1871, p. xxviii.</ref> [[George Orwell]] named him as one of the writers he most admired, despite disagreeing with him on almost every moral and political issue.<ref>[[Politics vs. Literature|"Politics vs. Literature: an examination of Gulliver's Travels"]]</ref> [[Modernist poetry|Modernist poet]] [[Edith Sitwell]] wrote a fictional biography of Swift, titled ''[[I Live Under a Black Sun]]'' and published in 1937.<ref name="Griffin2003">{{cite book|author=Gabriele Griffin|title=Who's Who in Lesbian and Gay Writing|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NPqFAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA244|year=2003|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1134722099|page=244|access-date=19 May 2016|archive-date=15 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170215074310/https://books.google.com/books?id=NPqFAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA244|url-status=live}}</ref> [[A. L. Rowse]] wrote a biography of Swift,<ref name="RowseMajor">{{cite book|last=Rowse|first=A. L.|title=Jonathan Swift Major Prophet|year=1975|publisher=Thames and Hudson|location=London|isbn=0-500-01141-9}}</ref> essays on his works,<ref>{{cite book|last=Rowse|first=A. L.|title=The English Spirit: Essays in History and Literature|year=1944|publisher=Macmillan|location=London|pages=182–192|chapter=XXVI: Jonathan Swift}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Rowse|first=A. L.|editor=A. Norman Jeffares| editor-link = A. Norman Jeffares |title=Swift|url=https://archive.org/details/swift00jeff/mode/2up?view=theater|url-access = registration | chapter-url = https://archive.org/details/swift00jeff/page/134/mode/2up?view=theater | chapter-url-access = registration | series=Modern Judgements|year=1970|publisher=Aurora Publishers Incorporated|location=Nashville and London|isbn=0-87695-092-6|pages=135–142|chapter=Swift as Poet}}</ref> and edited the Pan Books edition of ''Gulliver's Travels''.<ref name="RowseGulliver">{{cite book|last=Swift|first=Jonathan|editor=A. L. Rowse|title=Gulliver's Travels|url=https://archive.org/details/gulliverstravels0000swif_i1d4/page/n3/mode/2up?view=theater|url-access = registration |year=1977|publisher=Pan Books|location=London and Sydney|isbn=0-330-25190-2}}</ref> Literary scholar [[Frank Stier Goodwin]] wrote a full biography of Swift: ''Jonathan Swift – Giant in Chains'', issued by [[Liveright Publishing Corporation]], New York (1940, 450pp, with Bibliography). In 1982, Soviet playwright [[Grigory Gorin]] wrote a theatrical fantasy called ''The House That Swift Built'' based on the last years of Jonathan Swift's life and episodes of his works.<ref>{{cite web |author1=Justin Hayford |date=January 12, 2006 |title=The House That Swift Built |url=https://www.chicagoreader.com/chicago/the-house-that-swift-built/Content?oid=920998 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200209215620/https://www.chicagoreader.com/chicago/the-house-that-swift-built/Content?oid=920998 |archive-date=9 February 2020 |access-date=9 February 2020 |website=Performing Arts Review |publisher=Chicago Reader |language=en}}</ref> The play was filmed by director [[Mark Zakharov]] in the 1984 two-part television movie of the [[The House That Swift Built|same name]]. [[Jake Arnott]] features him in his 2017 novel ''The Fatal Tree''.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Arnott |first=Jake |title=The Fatal Tree |publisher=Sceptre |year=2017 |isbn=978-1473637740}}</ref> A 2017 analysis of library holdings data revealed that Swift is the most popular Irish author, and that ''Gulliver's Travels'' is the most widely held work of Irish literature in libraries globally.<ref>{{Cite news |title=What is the most popular Irish book? |language=en-US |newspaper=The Irish Times |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/books/what-is-the-most-popular-irish-book-1.3136544 |url-status=live |access-date=2017-12-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171202052535/https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/books/what-is-the-most-popular-irish-book-1.3136544 |archive-date=2 December 2017}}</ref> The first woman to write a biography of Swift was [[Sophie Shilleto Smith]], who published ''Dean Swift'' in 1910.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Barnett |first=Louise |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6n08DwAAQBAJ&dq=Sophie+Shilleto+Smith&pg=PA71 |title=Jonathan Swift in the Company of Women |date=2007 |publisher=Oxford University Press, USA |isbn=978-0-19-518866-0 |pages=71 |language=en |access-date=28 January 2023 |archive-date=26 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230426072248/https://books.google.com/books?id=6n08DwAAQBAJ&dq=Sophie+Shilleto+Smith&pg=PA71 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>Smith, Sophie Shilleto. ''Dean Swift''. Methuen & Company, 1910.</ref>
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