Editing Participle (section)

===Hellenic languages===

====Ancient Greek====
{{Main article|Participle (Ancient Greek)}}
The [[Ancient Greek]] participle shares in the properties of adjectives and verbs. Like an adjective, it changes form for [[grammatical gender|gender]], [[grammatical case|case]], and [[grammatical number|number]]. Like a verb, it has [[grammatical tense|tense]] and [[voice (grammar)|voice]], is modified by [[adverb]]s, and can take [[verb argument]]s, including an [[object (grammar)|object]].<ref>{{Smyth|2039}}</ref> Participles are quite numerous in Ancient Greek: a non-defective verb has as many as ten participles.

There is a form of the participle for every combination of aspect (present, aorist, perfect, future) and voice (active, middle, passive). All participles are based on their finite forms. Here are the masculine nominative singular forms for a thematic and an athematic verb:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
! {{lang|grc|λῡ́ω}}<br />''lū́ō''<br />"I release" !! active !! middle !! passive
|-
! present
| {{lang|grc|λῡ́ων}}<br />''lū́ōn'' || colspan="2" | {{lang|grc|λῡόμενος}}<br />''lūómenos''
|-
! aorist
|{{lang|grc|λῡ́σᾱς}}<br />''lū́sās'' || {{lang|grc|λῡσάμενος}}<br />''lūsámenos'' || {{lang|grc|λυθείς}}<br />''lutheís''
|-
! future
| {{lang|grc|λῡ́σων}}<br />''lū́sōn'' || {{lang|grc|λῡσόμενος}}<br />''lūsómenos'' || {{lang|grc|λυθησόμενος}}<br />''luthēsómenos''
|-
! perfect
| {{lang|grc|λελυκώς}}<br />''lelukṓs''|| colspan="2" | {{lang|grc|λελυμένος}}<br />''leluménos''
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
! {{lang|grc|τίθημι}}<br />''títhēmi''<br />"I put" !! active !! middle !! passive
|-
! present
| {{lang|grc|τιθείς}}<br />''titheís'' || colspan="2" | {{lang|grc|τιθέμενος}}<br />''tithémenos''
|-
! aorist
|{{lang|grc|θείς}}<br />''theís'' || {{lang|grc|θέμενος}}<br />''thémenos'' || {{lang|grc|τεθείς}}<br />''tetheís''
|-
! future
| {{lang|grc|θήσων}}<br />''thḗsōn'' || {{lang|grc|θησόμενος}}<br />''thēsómenos'' || {{lang|grc|τεθησόμενος}}<br />''tethēsómenos''
|-
! perfect
| {{lang|grc|τεθηκώς}}<br />''tethēkṓs'' || colspan="2" | {{lang|grc|τεθειμένος}}<br />''tetheiménos''
|}

Like an adjective, it can modify a noun, and can be used to embed one thought into another.

{{interlinear|lang=grc|indent=3
|πολλὰ καὶ φύσει καὶ ἐπιστήμῃ δεῖ '''τὸν''' '''εὖ''' '''στρατηγήσοντα''' ἔχειν
|pollà kaì phúsei kaì epistḗmēi deî '''tòn''' '''eû''' '''stratēgḗsonta''' ékhein
|"he '''who intends to be a good general''' must have a great deal of ability and knowledge"}}

In the example, the participial phrase {{lang|grc|τὸν εὖ στρατηγήσοντα}} ''tòn eû stratēgḗsonta'', literally "the one going to be a good general," is used to embed the idea {{lang|grc|εὖ στρατηγήσει}} ''eû stratēgḗsei'' "he will be a good general" within the main verb.

The participle is very widely used in Ancient Greek, especially in prose.