Editing Particle swarm optimization (section)

== References ==
<!-- Please provide complete references to journal / conference papers, tech reports, msc/phd theses, etc. and make sure the reference format is correct. Only include major research contributions - there are hundreds of PSO variants in existence and Wikipedia is not the proper place to list them all. Only add a reference when you use it in a concise description in the main article. -->
{{Reflist|refs=

<ref name="lovbjerg02lifecycle">{{cite conference | first1=M. | last1=Lovbjerg | title=The LifeCycle Model: combining particle swarm optimisation, genetic algorithms and hillclimbers | last2=Krink | first2=T. | book-title=Proceedings of Parallel Problem Solving from Nature VII (PPSN) | year=2002 | pages=621–630|url=http://www.lovbjerghome.dk/Morten/EvaLife/TK_PPSN2002_LifeCycle_PSO_HC_GA.pdf}}</ref>

<ref name="bonyadi16survey">{{cite journal | first1=M. R. | last1=Bonyadi | title=Particle swarm optimization for single objective continuous space problems: a review | last2=Michalewicz | first2=Z. | journal=Evolutionary Computation | year=2017 | volume=25 | issue=1 | pages=1–54 | doi=10.1162/EVCO_r_00180| pmid=26953883 | s2cid=8783143 }}</ref>

<ref name="niknam10efficient">{{cite journal | first1=T. | last1=Niknam | title=An efficient hybrid approach based on PSO, ACO and k-means for cluster analysis | last2=Amiri | first2=B. | journal=Applied Soft Computing | year=2010 | volume=10 | issue=1 | pages=183–197 | doi=10.1016/j.asoc.2009.07.001}}</ref>

<ref name="lovbjerg02extending">{{cite conference | first1=M. | last1=Lovbjerg | title=Extending Particle Swarm Optimisers with Self-Organized Criticality | last2=Krink | first2=T. | book-title=Proceedings of the Fourth Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC) | year=2002 | volume=2 | pages=1588–1593|url=http://www.lovbjerghome.dk/Morten/EvaLife/ML_CEC2002_SOCPSO.pdf}}</ref>

<ref name="xinchao10perturbed">{{cite journal | title=A perturbed particle swarm algorithm for numerical optimization | last=Xinchao | first=Z. | journal=Applied Soft Computing | year=2010 | volume=10 | issue=1 | pages=119–124 | doi=10.1016/j.asoc.2009.06.010}}</ref>

<ref name="zhan09adaptive">{{cite journal | first1=Z-H. | last1=Zhan | title=Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization | last2=Zhang | first2=J. | last3=Li | first3=Y | last4=Chung | first4=H.S-H. | journal=IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics | year=2009 | volume=39 | issue=6 | pages=1362–1381 | doi=10.1109/TSMCB.2009.2015956 | pmid=19362911 | s2cid=11191625 | url=http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/7645/1/7645.pdf }}</ref>

<ref name="zhan10OLPSO">{{cite journal | first1=Z-H. | last1=Zhan | title=Orthogonal Learning Particle Swarm Optimization | last2=Zhang | first2=J. | last3=Li | first3=Y | last4=Shi | first4=Y-H. | journal=IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation | year=2011 | volume=15 | issue=6 | pages=832–847| doi=10.1109/TEVC.2010.2052054 | url=http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/44801/1/44801.pdf }}</ref>

<ref name="Bonyadi2014">{{cite journal | first1=Mohammad reza. | last1=Bonyadi | title=A locally convergent rotationally invariant particle swarm optimization algorithm | last2=Michalewicz | first2=Z. | journal=Swarm Intelligence | year=2014 | volume=8 | issue=3 | pages=159–198 | doi=10.1007/s11721-014-0095-1| s2cid=2261683 | url=https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:396054/ERAUQ396054.pdf }}</ref>

<!-- not used
<ref name="Bonyadi2014Analysis">{{cite journal | first1=Mohammad reza. | last1=Bonyadi | title=An analysis of the velocity updating rule of the particle swarm optimization algorithm | last2=Michalewicz | first2=Z. | journal=Journal of Heuristics | year=2014 | volume=20 | issue=4 | pages=417–452 | doi=10.1007/s10732-014-9245-2}}</ref> -->

<ref name="Cleghorn2018">{{cite journal | first1=Christopher W. | last1=Cleghorn | title=Particle Swarm Stability: A Theoretical Extension using the Non-Stagnate Distribution Assumption | last2=Engelbrecht | first2=Andries. | journal=Swarm Intelligence | year=2018 | volume=12 | issue=1 | pages=1–22 | doi=10.1007/s11721-017-0141-x| hdl=2263/62934 | s2cid=9778346 | hdl-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name="Liu2015">{{cite journal | first1=Q | last1=Liu | title=Order-2 stability analysis of particle swarm optimization | journal=Evolutionary Computation | year=2015 | volume=23 | issue=2 | pages=187–216 | doi=10.1162/EVCO_a_00129| pmid=24738856 | s2cid=25471827 }}</ref>

<ref name="kennedy95particle">{{cite conference | first1=J. | last1=Kennedy | title=Particle Swarm Optimization | last2=Eberhart | first2=R. | book-title=Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Neural Networks | year=1995 | volume=IV | pages=1942–1948 | doi=10.1109/ICNN.1995.488968}}</ref>

<ref name="kennedy97particle">{{cite conference | first1=J. | last1=Kennedy | title=The particle swarm: social adaptation of knowledge | book-title=Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation | year=1997 | pages=303–308| doi=10.1109/ICEC.1997.592326 }}</ref>

<ref name="shi98modified">{{cite conference | first1=Y. | last1=Shi | title=A modified particle swarm optimizer | last2=Eberhart | first2=R.C. | book-title=Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation | year=1998 | pages=69–73| doi=10.1109/ICEC.1998.699146 }}</ref>

<ref name="shi98parameter">{{cite conference | first1=Y. | last1=Shi | title=Parameter selection in particle swarm optimization | last2=Eberhart | first2=R.C. | book-title=Proceedings of Evolutionary Programming VII (EP98) | year=1998 | pages=591–600}}</ref>

<ref name="eberhart00comparing">{{cite conference | first1=R.C. | last1=Eberhart | title=Comparing inertia weights and constriction factors in particle swarm optimization | last2=Shi | first2=Y. | book-title=Proceedings of the Congress on Evolutionary Computation | year=2000 | volume=1 | pages=84–88|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/3865142}}</ref>

<ref name="carlisle01offtheshelf">{{cite conference | archive-date=2003-05-03 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030503203304/http://antho.huntingdon.edu/publications/Off-The-Shelf_PSO.pdf | first1=A. | last1=Carlisle | url=http://antho.huntingdon.edu/publications/Off-The-Shelf_PSO.pdf | title=An Off-The-Shelf PSO | last2=Dozier | first2=G. | book-title=Proceedings of the Particle Swarm Optimization Workshop | url-status=dead | year=2001 | pages=1–6}}</ref>

<ref name="zx03depso">Zhang, Wen-Jun; Xie, Xiao-Feng (2003). [http://www.wiomax.com/team/xie/paper/SMCC03.pdf DEPSO: hybrid particle swarm with differential evolution operator]. ''IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics'' (SMCC), Washington, DC, USA: 3816-3821.</ref>

<ref name="bergh01thesis">{{cite book | title=An Analysis of Particle Swarm Optimizers | publisher=University of Pretoria, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science | last=van den Bergh | first=F. | year=2001 | type=PhD thesis|url=http://bee22.com/resources/Bergh%202006.pdf}}</ref>

<ref name="trelea03particle">{{cite journal | title=The Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm: convergence analysis and parameter selection | last=Trelea | first=I.C. | journal=Information Processing Letters | year=2003 | volume=85 | issue=6 | pages=317–325 | doi=10.1016/S0020-0190(02)00447-7}}</ref>

<ref name="clerc02explosion">{{cite journal | first1=M. | last1=Clerc | title=The particle swarm - explosion, stability, and convergence in a multidimensional complex space | last2=Kennedy | first2=J. | journal=IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation | year=2002 | volume=6 | issue=1 | pages=58–73 | doi=10.1109/4235.985692| citeseerx=10.1.1.460.6608 }}</ref>

<ref name="xzy02dpso">Xie, Xiao-Feng; Zhang, Wen-Jun; Yang, Zhi-Lian (2002). [http://www.wiomax.com/team/xie/paper/CEC02.pdf A dissipative particle swarm optimization]. ''Congress on Evolutionary Computation'' (CEC), Honolulu, HI, USA: 1456-1461.</ref>

<ref name="bratton08simplified">{{cite journal | first1=D. | last1=Bratton | url=http://downloads.hindawi.com/archive/2008/654184.pdf | title=A Simplified Recombinant PSO | last2=Blackwell | first2=T. | journal=Journal of Artificial Evolution and Applications | volume=2008 | pages=1–10 | year=2008| doi=10.1155/2008/654184 | doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name="kennedy01swarm">{{cite book | first1=J. | last1=Kennedy | title=Swarm Intelligence | publisher=Morgan Kaufmann | last2=Eberhart | first2=R.C. | year=2001 | isbn=978-1-55860-595-4}}</ref>

<ref name="pedersen08thesis">{{cite book | url=https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/a5d2/8c26a2e2824170d67b69f14120cf67cabe26.pdf | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200213130101/https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/a5d2/8c26a2e2824170d67b69f14120cf67cabe26.pdf | url-status=dead | archive-date=2020-02-13 | title=Tuning & Simplifying Heuristical Optimization | publisher=University of Southampton, School of Engineering Sciences, Computational Engineering and Design Group | last=Pedersen | first=M.E.H. | year=2010 | s2cid=107805461 | format=PhD thesis}}</ref>

<ref name="pedersen08simplifying">{{cite journal | title=Simplifying particle swarm optimization | last=Pedersen | first=M.E.H. | author2=Chipperfield, A.J. | journal=Applied Soft Computing | year=2010 | volume=10 | issue=2 | pages=618–628 | doi=10.1016/j.asoc.2009.08.029| citeseerx=10.1.1.149.8300 }}</ref>

<ref name="mason2017meta">{{cite journal | title=A Meta Optimisation Analysis of Particle Swarm Optimisation Velocity Update Equations for Watershed Management Learning | last=Mason | first=Karl | author2=Duggan, Jim | author3=Howley, Enda | journal=Applied Soft Computing | year=2018 | volume=62 | pages=148–161 | doi=10.1016/j.asoc.2017.10.018}}</ref>

<ref name="pedersen10good-pso">{{cite journal | title=Good parameters for particle swarm optimization | last=Pedersen | first=M.E.H. | journal=Technical Report HL1001 | year=2010|citeseerx = 10.1.1.298.4359}}</ref>

<ref name="poli07analysis">{{cite journal | url=http://cswww.essex.ac.uk/technical-reports/2007/tr-csm469.pdf | title=An analysis of publications on particle swarm optimisation applications | last=Poli | first=R. | journal=Technical Report CSM-469 | year=2007 | access-date=2010-05-03 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716231935/http://cswww.essex.ac.uk/technical-reports/2007/tr-csm469.pdf | archive-date=2011-07-16 | url-status=dead }}</ref>

<ref name="poli08analysis">{{cite journal | url=http://downloads.hindawi.com/archive/2008/685175.pdf | title=Analysis of the publications on the applications of particle swarm optimisation | last=Poli | first=R. | journal=Journal of Artificial Evolution and Applications | year=2008 | volume=2008 | pages=1–10 | doi=10.1155/2008/685175| doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name="evers09thesis">{{cite book | url=http://www.georgeevers.org/publications.htm | title=An Automatic Regrouping Mechanism to Deal with Stagnation in Particle Swarm Optimization | publisher=The University of Texas - Pan American, Department of Electrical Engineering | last=Evers | first=G. | year=2009 | format=Master's thesis | access-date=2010-05-05 | archive-date=2011-05-18 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110518164430/http://www.georgeevers.org/publications.htm | url-status=dead }}</ref>

<ref name="tu04robust">{{cite journal | first1=Z. | last1=Tu | title=A robust stochastic genetic algorithm (StGA) for global numerical optimization | last2=Lu | first2=Y. | journal=IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation | year=2004 | volume=8 | issue=5 | pages=456–470 | doi=10.1109/TEVC.2004.831258| s2cid=22382958 }}</ref>

<ref name="tu04corrections">{{cite journal | first1=Z. | last1=Tu | title=Corrections to "A Robust Stochastic Genetic Algorithm (StGA) for Global Numerical Optimization" | last2=Lu | first2=Y. | journal=IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation | year=2008 | volume=12 | issue=6 | pages=781 | doi=10.1109/TEVC.2008.926734| s2cid=2864886 }}</ref>

<ref name="meissner06optimized">{{cite journal | first1=M. | last1=Meissner | title=Optimized Particle Swarm Optimization (OPSO) and its application to artificial neural network training | last2=Schmuker | first2=M. | last3=Schneider | first3=G. | journal=BMC Bioinformatics | pmc=1464136 | year=2006 | volume=7 | issue=1 | pages=125 | doi=10.1186/1471-2105-7-125 | pmid=16529661 | doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name="yang08nature">{{cite book | first1=X.S. | last1=Yang | title=Nature-Inspired Metaheuristic Algorithms | publisher=Luniver Press | year=2008 | isbn=978-1-905986-10-1}}</ref>

<ref name="parsopoulos02particle">{{cite conference | first1=K. | last1=Parsopoulos | title=Particle swarm optimization method in multiobjective problems | last2=Vrahatis | first2=M. | book-title=Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Applied Computing (SAC) | year=2002 | pages=603–607| doi=10.1145/508791.508907 }}</ref>

<ref name="MASON2017188">{{cite journal | title=Multi-objective dynamic economic emission dispatch using particle swarm optimisation variants | last=Mason | first=Karl | author2=Duggan, Jim | author3=Howley, Enda | journal=Neurocomputing | year=2017 | volume=270 | pages=188–197 | doi=10.1016/j.neucom.2017.03.086}}</ref>

<!-- not used 
<ref name="BonyadiSPSO2014">{{cite journal | first1=Mohammad reza | last1=Bonyadi | title=SPSO 2011 analysis of stability; local convergence; and rotation sensitivity. | last2=Michalewicz | first2=Z. | journal=GECCO2014 (the best paper award in the track ACSI) | year=2014 | pages=9–16}}</ref>-->f

<ref name="coellocoello02MOPSO">{{cite conference | first1=C. | last1=Coello Coello | url=http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1252327 | title=MOPSO: A Proposal for Multiple Objective Particle Swarm Optimization | last2=Salazar Lechuga | first2=M. | book-title=Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC'2002) | year=2002 | pages=1051–1056}}</ref>

<ref name="Chen10SPSO">{{cite journal | first1=Wei-neng | last1=Chen | title=A novel set-based particle swarm optimization method for discrete optimization problem | last2=Zhang | first2=Jun | journal=IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation | year=2010 | volume=14 | issue=2 | pages=278–300 | doi=10.1109/tevc.2009.2030331| citeseerx=10.1.1.224.5378 | s2cid=17984726 }}</ref>

<ref name="elshamy07sis">{{cite conference | first1=W. | last1=Elshamy | url=http://people.cis.ksu.edu/~welshamy/pubs/ieee_sis07.pdf | title=Clubs-based Particle Swarm Optimization | last2=Rashad | first2=H. | last3=Bahgat | first3=A. | book-title=IEEE Swarm Intelligence Symposium 2007 (SIS2007) | year=2007 | location=Honolulu, HI | pages=289–296 | access-date=2012-04-27 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023025232/http://people.cis.ksu.edu/~welshamy/pubs/ieee_sis07.pdf | archive-date=2013-10-23 | url-status=dead }}</ref>

<ref name="nobile2012">{{cite conference | first1=M. | last1=Nobile | title=A GPU-Based Multi-Swarm PSO Method for Parameter Estimation in Stochastic Biological Systems Exploiting Discrete-Time Target Series | last2=Besozzi | first2=D. | last3=Cazzaniga | first3=P. | last4=Mauri | first4=G. | last5=Pescini | first5=D. | book-title=Evolutionary Computation, Machine Learning and Data Mining in Bioinformatics. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. | year=2012 | volume=7264 | pages=74–85| doi=10.1007/978-3-642-29066-4_7 }}</ref>

<ref name="clerc12spso">{{cite journal | url=http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/76/49/96/PDF/SPSO_descriptions.pdf | title=Standard Particle Swarm Optimisation | last=Clerc | first=M. | journal=HAL Open Access Archive | year=2012}}</ref>

<ref name="taherkhani2016inertia">{{cite journal | first1=M. | last1=Taherkhani | title=A novel stability-based adaptive inertia weight for particle swarm optimization | last2=Safabakhsh | first2=R. | journal=Applied Soft Computing | year=2016 | volume=38 | pages=281–295 | doi=10.1016/j.asoc.2015.10.004}}</ref>

<ref name="bratton2007">{{cite book | first1=Daniel | last1=Bratton | url=http://www.cil.pku.edu.cn/resources/pso_paper/src/2007SPSO.pdf | last2=Kennedy | first2=James | title=2007 IEEE Swarm Intelligence Symposium | chapter=Defining a Standard for Particle Swarm Optimization | pages=120–127 | year=2007| doi=10.1109/SIS.2007.368035 | isbn=978-1-4244-0708-8 | s2cid=6217309 }}</ref>

<ref name="Zambrano-Bigiarini2013">{{cite book | first1=M. | last1=Zambrano-Bigiarini | last2=Clerc | first2=M. | last3=Rojas | first3=R. | title=2013 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation | chapter=Standard Particle Swarm Optimisation 2011 at CEC-2013: A baseline for future PSO improvements | publisher=Evolutionary Computation (CEC), 2013 IEEE Congress on | pages=2337–2344 | year=2013| doi=10.1109/CEC.2013.6557848 | isbn=978-1-4799-0454-9 | s2cid=206553432 }}</ref>

<ref name="kennedy2002population">{{cite book | first1=J. | last1=Kennedy | last2=Mendes | first2=R. | date=2002 | title=Proceedings of the 2002 Congress on Evolutionary Computation. CEC'02 (Cat. No.02TH8600) | chapter=Population structure and particle swarm performance | volume=2 | pages=1671–1676 vol.2 | doi=10.1109/CEC.2002.1004493| isbn=978-0-7803-7282-5 | citeseerx=10.1.1.114.7988 | s2cid=14364974 }}</ref>

<ref name="oliveira2016communication">{{cite book | first1=M. | last1=Oliveira | last2=Pinheiro | first2=D. | last3=Andrade | first3=B. | last4=Bastos-Filho | first4=C. | last5=Menezes | first5=R. | title=Swarm Intelligence | chapter=Communication Diversity in Particle Swarm Optimizers | volume=9882 | year=2016 | pages=77–88 | doi=10.1007/978-3-319-44427-7_7| series=Lecture Notes in Computer Science | isbn=978-3-319-44426-0 | s2cid=37588745 }}</ref>

<ref name="cazzaniga2015">{{cite conference | first1=P. | last1=Cazzaniga | title=The impact of particles initialization in PSO: parameter estimation as a case in point, (Canada) | last2=Nobile | first2=M.S. | last3=Besozzi | first3=D. | book-title=Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology | year=2015| doi=10.1109/CIBCB.2015.7300288 }}</ref>

<ref name="nobile2017">{{cite journal | first1=M.S | last1=Nobile | title=Fuzzy Self-Tuning PSO: a settings-free algorithm for global optimization | last2=Cazzaniga | first2=P. | last3=Besozzi | first3=D. | last4=Colombo | first4=R. | last5=Mauri | first5=G. | last6=Pasi | first6=G. | journal=Swarm and Evolutionary Computation | volume=39 | pages=70–85 | year=2018 | doi=10.1016/j.swevo.2017.09.001| hdl=10446/106467 | hdl-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name="nobile2015">{{cite conference | first1=M.S | last1=Nobile | title=Proactive particles in swarm optimization: a self-tuning algorithm based on fuzzy logic | last2=Pasi | first2=G. | last3=Cazzaniga | first3=P. | last4=Besozzi | first4=D. | last5=Colombo | first5=R. | last6=Mauri | first6=G. | book-title=Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE 2015), Istanbul (Turkey) | year=2015 | pages=1–8| doi=10.1109/FUZZ-IEEE.2015.7337957 }}</ref>

<ref name=llso>{{cite journal
|last1=Yang
|first1=Q.
|last2=CHEN
|first2=W-N.
|last3=Deng
|first3=J-D.
|last4=Li
|first4=Y.
|last5=Gu
|first5=T.
|last6=Zhang
|first6=J.
|title=A Level-based Learning Swarm Optimizer for Large Scale Optimization
|journal=IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation
|year=2018
|volume=22
|issue=4
|pages=578–594
|doi=10.1109/TEVC.2017.2743016
|url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8025724
}}</ref>

<ref name=masoie>{{cite journal
|last1=Chen
|first1=T-Y.
|last2=Chen
|first2=W-N.
|last3=Wei
|first3=F-F.
|last4=Hu
|first4=X-M.
|last5=Zhang
|first5=J.
|title=Multi-Agent Swarm Optimization With Adaptive Internal and External Learning for Complex Consensus-Based Distributed Optimization
|year=2024
|journal=IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation
|page=1
|doi=10.1109/TEVC.2024.3380436
|url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10477458
|url-access=subscription
}}</ref>
}}