Editing Propaganda model (section)

=== ''The Anti-Chomsky Reader'' ===
Eli Lehrer of the  [[American Enterprise Institute]] criticized the theory in ''[[The Anti-Chomsky Reader]]''. According to Lehrer, the fact that papers like ''The New York Times'' and ''The Wall Street Journal'' have disagreements is evidence that the media is not a monolithic entity. Lehrer also believes that the media cannot have a corporate bias because it reports on and exposes [[corporate corruption]]. Lehrer asserts that the model amounts to a Marxist conception of right-wing [[false consciousness]].{{sfn|Lehrer|2004}}

Herman and Chomsky have asserted that the media "is not a solid monolith" but that it represents a debate between powerful interests while ignoring perspectives that challenge the "fundamental premises" of all these interests.{{sfn|Herman|Chomsky|2002|p=Ix}} For instance, during the Vietnam War there was disagreement among the media over tactics, but the broader issue of the legality and legitimacy of the war was ignored (see [[#Coverage of "enemy" countries|Coverage of "enemy" countries]]). Chomsky has said that while the media are against corruption, they are not against society legally empowering corporate interests which is a reflection of the powerful interests that the model would predict.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gu1ONVg362o  Chomsky "Media" interview by Andrew Marr] ''The Big Idea'', 1996</ref> The authors have also said that the model does not seek to address "the effects of the media on the public" which might be ineffective at shaping [[public opinion]].{{sfn|Herman|Chomsky|2002|p=xii}} Edward Herman has said "critics failed to comprehend that the propaganda model is about how the media work, not how effective they are".<ref>"[http://www.chomsky.info/onchomsky/20031209.htm The Propaganda Model: A Retrospective] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040603191844/http://www.chomsky.info/onchomsky/20031209.htm |date=2004-06-03 }}" Edward Herman</ref>