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Relativistic Doppler effect
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=== Time dilation measurements === The transverse Doppler effect and the kinematic time dilation of special relativity are closely related. All validations of TDE represent validations of kinematic time dilation, and most validations of kinematic time dilation have also represented validations of TDE. An online resource, "What is the experimental basis of Special Relativity?" has documented, with brief commentary, many of the tests that, over the years, have been used to validate various aspects of special relativity.<ref name="Roberts">{{cite web |last1=Roberts |first1=Tom |last2=Schleif |first2=Siegmar |title=What is the experimental basis of Special Relativity? |url=http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/Relativity/SR/experiments.html |website=The Original Usenet Physics FAQ |publisher=Department of Mathematics, University of California, Riverside |access-date=16 October 2018}}</ref> Kaivola et al. (1985)<ref group=p>{{cite journal |last1=Kaivola |first1=Matti |last2=Riis |first2=Erling |last3=Lee |first3=Siu Au |title=Measurement of the Relativistic Doppler Shift in Neon |journal=Phys. Rev. Lett. |date=1985 |volume=54 |issue=4 |pages=255β258 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.54.255|pmid=10031461 |bibcode=1985PhRvL..54..255K |url=https://aaltodoc.aalto.fi:443/bitstream/123456789/15656/1/A1_kaivola_matti_1985.pdf }}</ref> and McGowan et al. (1993)<ref group=p>{{cite journal |last1=McGowan |first1=Roger W. |last2=Giltner |first2=David M. |last3=Sternberg |first3=Scott J. |last4=Lee |first4=Siu Au |title=New measurement of the relativistic Doppler shift in neon |journal=Phys. Rev. Lett. |date=1993 |volume=70 |issue=3 |pages=251β254 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.70.251|pmid=10054065 |bibcode=1993PhRvL..70..251M }}</ref> are examples of experiments classified in this resource as time dilation experiments. These two also represent tests of TDE. These experiments compared the frequency of two lasers, one locked to the frequency of a neon atom transition in a fast beam, the other locked to the same transition in thermal neon. The 1993 version of the experiment verified time dilation, and hence TDE, to an accuracy of 2.3Γ10<sup>β6</sup>.
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