Editing Streaming media (section)

=== Bandwidth ===
A broadband speed of 2&nbsp;Mbit/s or more is recommended for streaming [[standard-definition video]],<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.broadbandchoices.co.uk/guides/internet/watching-tv-online | title=How to watch live TV online: The complete guide | work=broadbandchoices | date=20 May 2016 | access-date=1 October 2016 | author=Staples, Kim | archive-date=16 May 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160516142628/http://www.broadbandchoices.co.uk/guides/internet/watching-tv-online | url-status=live }}</ref> for example to a [[Roku]], [[Apple&nbsp;TV]], [[Google TV (operating system)|Google&nbsp;TV]] or a Sony&nbsp;TV Blu-ray Disc Player. 5&nbsp;Mbit/s is recommended for high-definition content and 9&nbsp;Mbit/s for [[Ultra-high-definition television|ultra-high-definition content]].<ref>Minimum requirements for Sony&nbsp;TV Blu-ray&nbsp;Disc Player, on advertisement attached to a NetFlix&nbsp;DVD{{Nonspecific|date=March 2011}}</ref> Streaming media storage size is calculated from the streaming bandwidth and length of the media using the following formula (for a single user and file): storage size in [[megabyte]]s is equal to length (in seconds) × [[bit rate]] (in bit/s) / (8 × 1024 × 1024). For example, one hour of digital video encoded at 300&nbsp;kbit/s (this was a typical broadband video in 2005 and it was usually encoded in {{resx|320 × 240}} resolution) will be: (3,600&nbsp;s&nbsp;× 300,000&nbsp;bit/s)&nbsp;/ (8&nbsp;× 1024&nbsp;× 1024) requires around 128&nbsp;[[Megabyte|MB]] of storage.

If the file is stored on a server for on-demand streaming and this stream is viewed by 1,000 people at the same time using a [[Unicast]] protocol, the requirement is 300&nbsp;kbit/s&nbsp;× 1,000&nbsp;= 300,000&nbsp;kbit/s&nbsp;= 300&nbsp;Mbit/s of bandwidth. This is equivalent to around 135&nbsp;[[gigabyte|GB]] per hour. Using a [[multicast]] protocol the server sends out only a single stream that is common to all users. Therefore, such a stream would only use 300&nbsp;kbit/s of server bandwidth.

In 2018 video was more than 60% of data traffic worldwide and accounted for 80% of growth in data usage.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The myth of the green cloud|url=https://www.eib.org/en/stories/digital-footprint |first1=Shirley |last1=Rizk |date=21 June 2019 |access-date=17 September 2020|website=European Investment Bank|language=en|archive-date=14 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414035732/https://www.eib.org/en/stories/digital-footprint|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title= Cisco Annual Internet Report (2018–2023) White Paper|url=https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/solutions/collateral/executive-perspectives/annual-internet-report/white-paper-c11-741490.html|access-date=17 September 2020|website=Cisco|language=en|archive-date=7 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140207074720/http://www.cisco.com/en/US/solutions/collateral/ns341/ns525/ns537/ns705/ns827/white_paper_c11-520862.html|url-status=live}}</ref>