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Tlingit language
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===Directionals=== Strictly speaking, the Tlingit directionals can be classified as nouns on the basis of their syntactic function. However, they form a distinct semantic set of nouns which indicate direction relative to some stated position. They also show stem variation depending locative suffixation, in particular with the allative suffix ''-dei''. These stem variants also occur with the adverb construction ''N<sub>1</sub>''-da-''N<sub>2</sub>''-(i)n "''N<sub>2</sub>'' ''N<sub>1</sub>''-ward" where ''N<sub>2</sub>'' is an anatomic noun and ''N<sub>1</sub>'' is a directional stem. :{|class="wikitable" ! !! Noun !! ''N''-dei !! ''N''-naa !! Adverb (+15) |- | up above || (di-)kée || (di-)kín-dei || (di-)kee-naa || kei, kéi |- | down below || (di-)yée || (di-)yín-dei || (di-)yee-naa || yei, yéi, yaa |- | upstream || naakée || nán-dei || naa-nyaa ~ naa-naa || – |- | downstream || ix-kée, éex || íx-dei || ixi-naa || – |- | from landshore, interior || dáakh || dákh-dei || dakhi-naa || daakh |- | toward landshore || éekh || íkh-dei || ikhi-naa || yeikh ~ eekh |- | toward seashore || yán || yán-dei || — || yan |- | from seashore, out to sea || dei-kí || dák-dei || daki-naa ~ diki-naa || daak |- | across, other side || diyáa || diyáa-dei || — || yan |- | inside || neil || neil-dei || — || neil |- | outside || gáan || gán-dei || — || — |- | back || — || khúxh-dei || — || khuxh |- | aground, shallow water || — || kúx-dei || — || kux |}
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