Editing Auto rickshaw (section)

=== South Asia ===
====Afghanistan====
[[File:Tuk-Tuk - Herat, Afghanistan.jpg|thumb|A tuk-tuk in [[Herat]], Afghanistan]]

Auto rickshaws are very common in the eastern Afghan city of [[Jalalabad]], where they are popularly decorated in art and colors.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/asia-pacific/in-taliban-country-inside-the-city-of-jalalabad-1.1674001|title=In Taliban country: inside the city of Jalalabad|first=John D.|last=McHugh|newspaper=The Irish Times}}</ref> They are also popular in the northern city of [[Kunduz]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.pajhwok.com/en/2012/05/23/auto-rickshaws-clogging-kunduz-arteries|title=Auto-rickshaws clogging Kunduz arteries|website=www.pajhwok.com|date=23 May 2012}}</ref>

==== Bangladesh ====
{{See also|Rickshaw art in Bangladesh}}
[[File:Cngs dhaka.jpg|thumb|"CNGs" in [[Dhaka]], Bangladesh]]

Auto rickshaws (locally called "baby taxis" and more recently "CNGs" due to their fuel source, compressed natural gas) are one of the more popular modes of transport in Bangladesh mainly due to their size and speed. They are best suited to narrow, crowded streets, and are thus the principal means of covering longer distances within urban areas.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Lane|first1=Jo|title=Asia's love affair with the rickshaw|url=http://asiancorrespondent.com/132251/asias-love-affair-with-the-rickshaw/|website=asiancorrespondent.com|access-date=2015-07-30|archive-date=2015-07-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150713152500/http://asiancorrespondent.com/132251/asias-love-affair-with-the-rickshaw/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Two-stroke engines had been identified as one of the leading sources of [[air pollution]] in [[Dhaka]]. Thus, since January 2003, traditional auto rickshaws were banned from the capital; only the new natural gas-powered models (CNG) were permitted to operate within the city limits. All CNGs are painted green to signify that the vehicles are [[eco-friendly]] and that each one has a meter built-in.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/2594725.stm |title=Police purge for Dhaka rickshaws |work=[[BBC News]]|date=20 December 2002 |access-date=2011-03-22}}</ref>
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==== India ====
[[File:Vishram Vada 5.JPG|thumb|Auto rickshaws in [[Pune]], India]]
[[File:API 175 Lambretta Auto (1).JPG|thumb|API 175 Lambretta Auto sold from 50's still late 90's]]
Most cities offer auto rickshaw service,  Although [[cycle rickshaw]]s and hand-[[pulled rickshaw]]s are also available but rarely in certain remote areas, as all other cities began using auto rickshaws.
<ref name="FrommersIndia-2010">{{cite book |title=Frommer's India |publisher=John Wiley and Sons |author1=Pippa de Bruyn |author2=Keith Bain |author3=David Allardice |author4=Shonar Joshi |year=2010 |isbn=978-0470645802 |edition=Fourth}}</ref>{{Rp|15,57,156}} Many state governments have launched an initiative of women-friendly rickshaw service called the [[Pink Rickshaw]]s driven by women.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.odishapolice.gov.in/sites/default/files/PDF/27.06.2015%20Pink%20Auto%20Rickshaw%20Project.pdf |title=Pink Auto Rickshaw Project |date=17 July 2019 |website=odishapolice.gov.in}}</ref> The drivers are known as the Rickshaw-wallah, ''auto-[[wallah]]'', ''tuktuk-wallah'' or ''auto-kaaran'' in places like Tamil Nadu/Kerala . Auto-rickshaws are also known as tempos in some parts of India.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mishra |first=Animesh |title=LMC drafts by-laws for tempos, e-rickshaws in Lucknow |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/lucknow-news/lmc-drafts-by-laws-for-tempos-e-rickshaws-in-lucknow-101729189329020.html |work=Hindustan Times |date=18 October 2024}}</ref>

Auto rickshaws are used in cities and towns for short distances; they are less suited to long distances because they are slow and the carriages are open to air pollution.<ref name="FrommersIndia-2010" />{{Rp|57,58,110}} Auto rickshaws (often called "autos") provide cheap and efficient transportation. Modern auto rickshaws run on electricity as government pushes for e-mobility through its FAME-II scheme, [[compressed natural gas]] (CNG) and [[Liquefied petroleum gas|liquified petroleum gas]] (LPG) due to [[Indian government|government]] regulations and are environmentally friendly compared to full-sized cars.{{citation needed|date=April 2013}}{{refn|Typical [[Fuel economy in automobiles|fuel economy]] for an Indian-made auto rickshaw is around {{convert|35|km/L}} of [[gasoline|petrol]].{{citation needed|date=April 2013}}|group="nb"}}

To augment speedy movement of traffic, auto rickshaws are not allowed in the southern part of [[Mumbai City district|Mumbai]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Frommer's India |url=https://archive.org/details/frommersindiafro00bruy_530 |url-access=limited |publisher=John Wiley and Sons |author1=Pippa de Bruyn |author2=Keith Bain |author3=David Allardice |author4=Shonar Joshi |date=2010 |page=[https://archive.org/details/frommersindiafro00bruy_530/page/n121 110] |isbn=978-0470645802 |edition=Fourth}}</ref>

India is the location of the annual [[Rickshaw Run]].

There are two types of auto rickshaws in India. In older versions the engines were below the driver's seat, while in newer versions engines are in the rear. They normally run on petrol, CNG, or [[Diesel fuel|diesel]]. The [[seating capacity]] of a normal rickshaw is four, including the driver's seat. Six-seater rickshaws exist in different parts of the country, but the model was officially banned in the city of [[Pune]] on 10 January 2003 by the Regional Transport Authority (RTA).<ref>{{cite news |title=Six seater rickshaws banned in city |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/Six-seater-rickshaws-banned-in-city/articleshow/202027.cms? |newspaper=Times of India |date=25 September 2003 |access-date=2014-01-11}}</ref>

Apart from this, modern electric auto rickshaws, which run on electric motors and have high torque and loading capacity with better speed, are also gaining popularity in India. Many auto drivers moved to electric three-wheelers as the prices of CNG or Diesel is very high and that type of auto rickshaw is much costlier compared to the electric auto rickshaw. The Government is also taking actions to convert current CNG and diesel rickshaws to electric rickshaws.<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 March 2022 |title=Patna: Transport department to ban all diesel-run buses, auto-rickshaws from April 1 |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/cities/patna/story/transport-department-to-ban-all-diesel-run-buses-auto-rickshaws-from-april-1-1931009-2022-03-29 |access-date=2022-03-29 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>

CNG autos in many cities (e.g. Delhi, Agra) are distinguishable from the earlier petrol-powered autos by a green and yellow livery, as opposed to the earlier black and yellow appearance. In other cities (such as Mumbai) the only distinguishing feature is the 'CNG' print found on the back or side of the auto. Some local governments are considering [[four-stroke engine]]s instead of two-stroke versions.{{citation needed|date=April 2013}}

Notable auto rickshaw manufacturers in India include [[Bajaj Auto]], [[Mahindra & Mahindra]], [[Piaggio Ape]], [[Atul Auto]], [[Kerala Automobiles Limited]], [[TVS Motors]] and [[Force Motors]].

In Delhi there also used to be a variant powered by a [[Harley-Davidson]] engine called the ''phat-phati'', because of the sound it made. The story goes that shortly after [[Independence of India|Independence]] a stock of Harley-Davidson motorbikes were found that had been used by British troops during [[World War II]] and left behind in a military storage house in Delhi. Drivers purchased these bikes, added on a gear box (probably from a [[Willys MB|Willys jeep]]), welded on a passenger compartment that was good for four to six passengers, and put the unconventional vehicles onto the roads. A 1998 ruling of the [[Supreme Court of India|Supreme Court]] against the use of polluting vehicles finally signed the death warrant of Delhi's phat-phatis.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Remembering-Delhis-phat-phatis/articleshow/652374319.cms|title=Remembering Delhi's phat-phatis {{pipe}} India News |work=The Times of India}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://olddelhiheritage.in/modes-of-transport-through-the-ages-in-shahjahanabad/|title=Transportation through the ages in Shahjahanabad|website=olddelhiheritage.in|date=18 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160614191659/http://olddelhiheritage.in/modes-of-transport-through-the-ages-in-shahjahanabad/ |archive-date=14 June 2016 |url-status=usurped}}</ref>

{{As of|2022}} India has about 2.4 million battery-powered, three-wheeled rickshaws on its roads. Some 11,000 new ones hit the streets each month, creating a US$3.1 billion market. Manufacturers include Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd. and Kinetic Engineering. A prerequisite for the adoption to electric vehicles is the availability of charging stations; as of early 2024, India had 12,146 public EV charging stations operational across the country.<ref>{{Cite web |title=12,146 public EV charging stations operational across the country |url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=2003003 |access-date=2024-04-16 |website=pib.gov.in}}</ref>

<gallery class="center" mode="packed">
File:Autorickshaw on Raj Path New Delhi.JPG|CNG green auto rickshaw in New Delhi
File:BangaloreRickshaw.jpg|A Bajaj Auto rickshaw in [[Bangalore]]
File:Piaggio Ape is king all over Kerala (28455330172).jpg|A Piaggio Ape auto rickshaw in [[Kerala]]
File:TVS tuktuk in Chennai.jpg|A TVS auto rickshaw in [[Chennai]]
File:SUN Mobility Swap Point.png|An electric rickshaw at a [[battery swapping]] point
File:Three wheeler cargotruck often used in India.jpg|Three wheeler cargo auto-rickshaw used in India
File:India auto-rickshaw tuk tuk adapted for logistics July 2007.jpg|Indian auto-rickshaw adapted with [[trailer (vehicle)|trailer]]
File:Erisha E Mobility Electric Autorickshaws.jpg|Erisha electric passenger and cargo Auto rickshaws in India
</gallery>

Generally rickshaw fares are controlled by the government,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.newkerala.com/news/story/12553/maharashtra-govt-refuses-to-increase-autorickshaw-taxi-fares.html |title=Maharashtra Govt refuses to increase autorickshaw, taxi fares |work=newKerala.com |agency=UNI |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130518132558/http://www.newkerala.com/news/story/12553/maharashtra-govt-refuses-to-increase-autorickshaw-taxi-fares.html#.Vb29wfnjI78 |archive-date=2013-05-18}}</ref> however auto (and taxi) driver unions frequently go on strike demanding fare hikes. They have also gone on strike multiple times in Delhi to protest against the government and [[Delhi High Court|High Court]]'s 2012 order to install [[Global Positioning System|GPS]] systems, and even though GPS installation in public transport was made mandatory in 2015, as of 2017 compliance remains very low.<ref>{{cite news |title=Autos, taxis in Delhi to go on strike today demanding fare hike |url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/autos-taxis-in-delhi-to-go-on-strike/1/224911.html |newspaper=India Today |date=15 October 2012 |access-date=2017-02-19}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Delhi High Court Directs City Auto-Rickshaws To Install GPS |url=http://www.medianama.com/2012/09/223-delhi-high-court-directs-city-auto-rickshaws-to-install-gps/ |newspaper=Medianama |date=28 September 2012 |access-date=2017-02-19}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=GPS installation in public transport becomes mandatory |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/GPS-installation-in-public-transport-becomes-mandatory/articleshow/47506948.cms |newspaper=Times of India |date=2 June 2015 |access-date=2017-02-19}}</ref>

The 200&nbsp;cc variant of the [[Bajaj Auto]] auto rickshaw was used in the 2022 [[Rickshaw Run]] to set the record for the world's highest auto rickshaw, over the [[Umling La]] Pass, at {{convert|5798|m|ft|abbr=off|sp=us}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.news18.com/news/buzz/auto-rickshaws-set-highest-altitude-drive-record-at-19024-feet-on-umling-la-pass-6257215.html |title=Auto Rickshaws Set Highest Altitude Drive Record at 19,024 Feet on Umling La Pass |date=22 October 2022 |website=news18.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.msn.com/en-in/lifestyle/travel/auto-rickshaws-drive-on-umling-la-pass-the-highest-motorable-road-to-set-world-record-at-19024-feet/ar-AA13qxBT |title=Auto rickshaws drive on Umling La Pass, the highest motorable road, to set world record at 19,024 feet |website=[[MSN]] |date=27 October 2022}}</ref>

==== Nepal ====
Auto rickshaws were a popular mode of transport in Nepal during the 1980s and 1990s, until the government banned the movement of 600 such vehicles in the early 2000s.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/406035.stm |title=Nepal Government decides to ban 3 wheeler auto rickshaws from Nepal's road |publisher=BBC |date=28 July 1999 |access-date=2011-12-06}}</ref> The earliest auto rickshaws running in Kathmandu were manufactured by Bajaj Auto.{{citation needed|date=April 2013}}

Nepal has been a popular destination for the [[Rickshaw Run]]. The 2009 Fall Run took place in [[Goa]], India and ended in [[Pokhara]], Nepal.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thenational.ae/news/uae-news/rickshaw-run-2-000km-of-adventure-from-india-to-nepal |title=Rickshaw Run on 3 Wheelers from Goa, India to Pokhara, Nepal |publisher=The National |date=29 August 2009 |access-date=2011-12-06}}</ref>

==== Pakistan ====
Auto rickshaws are a popular mode of transport in Pakistani towns<ref name="ABC News Promote Peace">{{cite news |url=https://abcnews.go.com/m/story?id=18436950 |title=Eye-Catching Rickshaws Promote Peace in Pakistan |work=ABC News |author=Sebastian Abbot, Associated Press |date=8 February 2013 |access-date=2013-04-13}}</ref> and are mainly used for travelling short distances within cities. One of the major manufacturers of auto rickshaws is [[Piaggio]]. The government is taking measures to convert all gasoline powered auto rickshaws to cleaner CNG rickshaws by 2015 in all the major cities of Pakistan by issuing easy loans through commercial banks. [[Environment Canada]] is implementing pilot projects in [[Lahore]], [[Karachi]], and [[Quetta]] with engine technology developed in [[Mississauga]], Ontario, Canada that uses CNG instead of gasoline in the two-stroke engines, in an effort to combat [[environmental pollution]] and noise levels.{{Citation needed|date=March 2009}}

In many cities in Pakistan, there are also motorcycle rickshaws, usually called "chand gari" (moon car) or "chingchi", after the Chinese company [[Jinan Qingqi|Jinan Qingqi Motorcycle Co. Ltd]] who first introduced these to the market.{{citation needed|date=April 2013}}

There are many rickshaw manufacturers in Pakistan. Lahore is the hub of CNG auto rickshaw manufacturing. Manufacturers include: New Asia automobile Pvt, Ltd; AECO Export Company; STAHLCO Motors; Global Sources; Parhiyar Automobiles; Global Ledsys Technologies; Siwa Industries; Prime Punjab Automobiles; Murshid Farm Industries; Sazgar Automobiles; NTN Enterprises; and Imperial Engineering Company.
<gallery class="center" mode="packed">
File:Chingchee in Pakistan.JPG|Chingchee in Pakistan
File:RickshawPak.jpg|Auto rickshaw, [[Karachi]]
File:More Karachi Main.jpg|Auto rickshaw, [[Karachi]]
File:Auto-rickshaw on Canal Bank Road Lahore 2009-06.jpg|Auto rickshaw, [[Lahore]]
</gallery>

==== Sri Lanka ====
[[File:Tuk-Tuk Sri Lanka.jpg|thumb|Trishaw in [[Polonnaruwa]], Sri Lanka]]

Auto rickshaws, commonly known as three-wheelers, tuk-tuks ({{langx|si|ටුක් ටුක්, {{IPA|si|ṭuk ṭuk|pron}}}}), autos, or trishaws can be found on all roads in [[Sri Lanka]] transporting people or freight. Sri Lankan three-wheelers are of the style of the light Phnom Penh-type. Most of the three-wheelers in Sri Lanka are a slightly modified Indian [[Bajaj Auto|Bajaj]] model, imported from India though there are few manufactured locally and increasingly imports from other countries in the region and other brands of three-wheelers such as [[Piaggio Ape]]. Three-wheelers were introduced to Sri Lanka for the first time around 1979 by [[Richard Pieris & Company]]. {{As of|2018|alt=As of mid-2018,}} a new gasoline powered tuk-tuk typically costs around {{US$|4,300}}, while a newly introduced Chinese electric model cost around {{US$|5,900}}.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.ozy.com/rising-stars/can-he-convince-sri-lankan-tuk-tuk-owners-to-go-green/88863|title=Can He Convince Sri Lankan Tuk-Tuk Owners to Go Green?|last=Ranasinghe|first=A.K.|date=3 September 2018|work=OZY|access-date=3 September 2018|quote=Tuk-tuks play a vital role in urban Sri Lanka's passenger transport system, providing what traffic experts call "last mile" service. Police and government workers rely on them too to navigate congested streets. In rural Sri Lanka, they are everything from taxi to ambulance.|archive-date=3 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180903193552/https://www.ozy.com/rising-stars/can-he-convince-sri-lankan-tuk-tuk-owners-to-go-green/88863|url-status=dead}}</ref>  Since 2008, the Sri Lankan government has banned the import of all 2-stroke gasoline engines due to environmental concerns.<ref name=":0" /> Ones imported to the island now are four-stroke engines. Most three-wheelers are available as hired vehicles, with few being used to haul goods or as private company or advertising vehicles. Bajaj enjoys a virtual monopoly in the island, with its agent being David Pieries Motor Co, Ltd.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.indiacar.net/news/n49068.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090627084927/http://www.indiacar.net/news/n49068.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2009-06-27 |title=Bajaj ready with 4-stroke autos for SL |publisher=Indiacar.net |access-date=2010-04-03  }}</ref>  A few three-wheelers in Sri Lanka have distance meters. In the capital city it is becoming more and more common. The vast majority of fares are negotiated between the passenger and driver. There are 1.2 million trishaws in Sri Lanka and most are on financial loans.