Editing Baghdad (section)

==Transportation==
Baghdad lacks substantial public transportation, and [[taxi]]s are the primary means of transportation in the city. Roads in Baghdad are noted to be especially congested and this began since 2003.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pegasus |title=Public Transport in Baghdad |url=https://www.flypgs.com//en/city-guide/public-transport-in-baghdad |access-date=17 July 2023 |website=flypgs.com |language=en |archive-date=17 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230717172417/https://www.flypgs.com//en/city-guide/public-transport-in-baghdad |url-status=dead }}</ref> According to MP Jassim Al-Bukhati in 2021, "Baghdad's roads are designed to accommodate 700,000 cars, while now there are between 2.5 and 3 million cars on them".<ref name="web-archive-org.translate.goog-2021">{{Cite web |date=25 February 2021 |title=العراق: معاناة الازدحام المروري |url=https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20210225054954/https://www.alaraby.co.uk/society/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82-%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%AF%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A?_x_tr_sl=ar&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=sc |access-date=4 December 2024 |website=web-archive-org.translate.goog }}{{Dead link|date=March 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> It is because since 2003, import of car has increased.<ref name="web-archive-org.translate.goog-2021" /> Since then water transport from river have become a popular mode of transport. Use of boats crossing across the river saves time for travelers to escape congestion.<ref>{{Cite web |title=- YouTube |url=https://www-youtube-com.translate.goog/watch?v=M5rT5WO2hwM&_x_tr_sl=ar&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=sc |access-date=4 December 2024 |website=www-youtube-com.translate.goog}}</ref> Private organizations are working to improve transport system.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 July 2024 |title=TransitLab Aims To Transform Public Transport in Baghdad – Iraqi Innovators |url=https://iraqtech.io/how-transitlab-aims-to-transform-public-transport-in-baghdad/ |access-date=4 December 2024 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mohamedmeki |first1=Mohammed Zuhair |last2=Al-Mumaiz |first2=Maha |date=1 February 2021 |title=Improving the transportation system in Baghdad city |url= |journal=IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering |volume=1067 |issue=1 |pages=012087 |doi=10.1088/1757-899x/1067/1/012087 |issn=1757-8981|doi-access=free |bibcode=2021MS&E.1067a2087Z }}</ref>
[[File:Iron Bridge, Baghdad with full moon.png|left|thumb|[[Al-Sarafiya Bridge]] at night]]
Among the major bridges connecting [[Karkh]] and [[Al-Rusafa, Iraq|Rusafa]] are [[14th of July Bridge]], [[Al-Aimmah Bridge]] and [[Al-Sarafiya Bridge]].<ref name="Writer-2024">{{Cite web |last1=Writer |first1=Staff |last2=Projects |first2=Zawya |title=Iraq to build 19 bridges in Baghdad |url=https://www.zawya.com/en/projects/construction/iraq-to-build-19-bridges-in-baghdad-pd1siuyj |access-date=4 December 2024 |website=zawya.com |language=en}}</ref> In 2023, the authorities announced to build 19 bridges in Baghdad.<ref name="Writer-2024" /> It is a part of its post-war reconstruction efforts, as many bridges were damaged during the war.<ref name="Writer-2024" /> Streets, avenues and alleys plays an important role in creating network of transport.<ref name="ITCHY FEET TRAVELS-2023" /> [[Al-Sa'doun Street]] stretches from [[Liberation Square, Baghdad|Liberation Square]] to Masbah.<ref name="ITCHY FEET TRAVELS-2023" /> Abu Nuwas Street runs along the Tigris from the Jumhouriya Bridge to 14 July Suspended Bridge.<ref name="ITCHY FEET TRAVELS-2023" /> [[Damascus Street]] goes from [[Damascus Square]] to the [[Baghdad Airport Road]].<ref name="ITCHY FEET TRAVELS-2023" /> [[Hilla Road]] runs from the north into Baghdad via [[Yarmouk (Baghdad)|Yarmouk]].<ref name="ITCHY FEET TRAVELS-2023" /> [[Mutanabbi Street]] is a street with numerous bookshops, named after the 10th century Iraqi poet [[Al-Mutanabbi]].<ref name="ITCHY FEET TRAVELS-2023" /> [[Caliphs Street]] is the site of historical mosques and churches.<ref name="ITCHY FEET TRAVELS-2023">{{Cite web |date=27 May 2023 |title=The Streets of Baghdad |url=https://itchyfeetravels.com/the-streets-of-baghdad/ |access-date=4 December 2024 |website=ITCHY FEET TRAVELS |language=en}}</ref>

=== Air transport ===
[[Iraqi Airways]], the national airline of Iraq, operates out of [[Baghdad International Airport]] in Baghdad.<ref name="AAC-2008">{{cite web |url=http://www.aaco.org/airlines_iraqi.asp |title=Iraqi Airways. |access-date=7 February 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080518015038/http://www.aaco.org/airlines_iraqi.asp |archive-date=18 May 2008 |website=[[Arab Air Carriers Organization]]}}</ref> The airport was opened by Saddam Hussein in 1982 as Saddam International Airport.<ref name="AAC-2008" /> It was closed as result of the Gulf War and subsequent embargo.<ref name="Woznicki-2024">{{Cite web |title=Saddam International Airport/Baghdad International Airport – springerin {{!}} Hefte für Gegenwartskunst |url=https://www.springerin.at/en/2003/2/saddam-international-airportbagdad-international-airport/ |access-date=4 December 2024 |website=springerin.at}}</ref> The airport was reopened in August 2000.<ref name="Woznicki-2024" /> The airport adopted its current name after the 2003 invasion of Iraq.<ref name="Woznicki-2024" />

=== Planned Baghdad Metro ===
{{Main|Baghdad Metro}}

The [[Baghdad Metro]] project was first proposed during the 1970s but did not come to fruition due to wars and sanctions. After the Iraq war, Iraqi authorities intended to revive the project, but it was again delayed due to domestic instability.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/nov/18/iraq-baghdad-underground-train-network|title=Baghdad goes underground with $3bn metro plan|work=The Guardian|date=18 November 2008 |last1=Chulov |first1=Martin }}</ref> In 2019, it was reported that Korean [[Hyundai Rotem|Hyundai]] and French [[Alstom]] would be building the metro.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Staff Writer |last2=Projects |first2=Zawya |title=Iraq approves 2023 budget funds for Baghdad metro |url=https://www.zawya.com/en/projects/construction/iraq-approves-2023-budget-funds-for-baghdad-metro-fzub7skp |access-date=17 July 2023 |website=zawya.com |language=en}}</ref> However, the planned construction did not happen.

As of February 2024, the current plan consisted of fully electric and automated (''driverless'') trains running on an extensive railway network including an underground railway portion as well as an elevated railway. The proposed Baghdad Metro system includes seven main lines with a total length of more than 148 kilometres, 64 metro stations, four workshops and depots for trains, several operations control centers (OCC) and seven main power stations (MPS) with a capacity of 250 mega-watts, and several Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) towers. The metro will be equipped with CCTV and internet as well as USB ports for charging. Special compartments will be allocated for women and children as well as seats for people with special needs, pregnant women, and the elderly. The metro stations will be connected to other public transport networks such as buses and taxis, and 10 parking spaces will be available for commuters. The planned operating speed will be 80–140&nbsp;km/hour with an estimated 3.25 million riders per day.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://investpromo.gov.iq/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/3.-RFI-English-%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B0%D8%A9-%D8%B9%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88-%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF-E-20.2.2024.pdf|title=Baghdad Metro Rail Project|publisher=Investpromo.gov.iq}}</ref>

In July 2024, it was announced that an international consortium of German French, Spanish, and Turkish companies was awarded $17.5 billion contract to construct Baghdad's metro.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Muhsen |first1=Majda |last2=Projects |first2=Zawya |title=Iraq's Ministry of Transport to include Baghdad Metro in 2023 budget |url=https://metrorailtoday.com/news/iraq-appointed-a-consortium-for-construction-of-175-billion-baghdad-metro-rail-project |access-date=26 July 2024 |website=metrorailtoday.com/}}</ref> The consortium includes Alstom, [[Systra]], [[SNCF]], [[Talgo]], [[Deutsche Bank]] and [[SENER]]. The consortium was then to negotiate the technical, financial and operational details of the project which is now estimated to be completed in May 2029.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.railwaygazette.com/metros/baghdad-metro-project-consortium-selected/67035.article|title=Baghdad metro project consortium selected|publisher=Railwaygazette}}</ref>