Editing California State University (section)

== Differences between the CSU and UC systems ==
[[File:Trinity Hall bell tower - California State University, Chico - DSC03144 (cropped).JPG|thumb|upright|Trinity Hall at Chico.]]
Both [[California]] public [[university]] systems are publicly funded higher education institutions. Despite having far fewer students, the largest UC campus, UCLA, as a result of its research emphasis and medical center, has a budget ($7.5 billion as of 2019) roughly equal to that of the entire CSU system ($7.2 billion as of 2019). According to a 2002 study, faculty at the CSU spend about 30 hours a week teaching and advising students and about 10 hours a week on research/creative activities, while a 1984 study reports faculty at the UC spend about 26 hours a week teaching and advising students and about 23 hours a week on research/creative activities.<ref>{{Citation| last =Serpe | first =Richard | title =CSU Faculty Workload Report | journal = The Social and Behavioral Research Institute | page =21 | date = February 2002 }}</ref><ref>{{Citation| last =Clinthorne | first =Janice | title =University of California Faculty Time-Use Study | journal = Institute for Research in Social Behavior | page =29 | date = October 1984}}</ref> CSU's Chancellor, [[Charles B. Reed|Dr. Charles B. Reed]], pointed out in his Pullias Lecture at the [[University of Southern California]] that California was big enough to afford two world-class systems of public higher education, one that supports research (UC) and one that supports teaching (CSU). However, student per capita spending is lower at CSU, and that, together with the lack of a [[research]] mission or independent [[Doctorate|doctoral programs]] under the [[California Master Plan for Higher Education|California Master Plan]], has led some in American higher education to develop the perception that the CSU system is less prestigious than the UC system.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Smelser |first1=Neil J.|title=Reflections on the University of California: From the Free Speech Movement to the Global University|date=2010|publisher=University of California Press|location=Berkeley |isbn=978-0-520-94600-2|page=186|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ope3J71mTxQC&pg=PA186|access-date=15 June 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Renny|first1=Christopher|editor1-last=Russo|editor1-first=John|editor2-last=Linkon|editor2-first=Sherry Lee|title=New Working-class Studies|date=2005|publisher=Cornell University Press |location=Ithaca |isbn=978-0-8014-8967-9 |pages=209–219|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BUE7gm9TgkYC&pg=PA211|access-date=15 June 2015|chapter=New Working-class Studies in Higher Education}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Berquist|first1=William|editor1-last=Anderson|editor1-first=Walter Truett|editor2-last=Dator|editor2-first=James Allen|editor3-last=Tehranian|editor3-first=Majid|title=Learning to Seek: Globalization, Governance, And the Futures of Higher Education|date=2006|publisher=Transaction Publishers|location=Piscataway, NJ|isbn=978-1-4128-0615-2|pages=82–100 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FGTz8Hzfw20C&pg=PA83|access-date=15 June 2015|chapter=Leadership at the Interest: New Forms of Governance to Oversee New Form of Higher Education}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Pickens|first1=William H.|editor1-last=Gaither|editor1-first=Gerald H.|title=The Multicampus System: Perspectives on Practice and Prospects|date=1999 |publisher=Stylus Publishing, LLC|location=Sterling, VA|isbn=978-1-57922-016-7|pages=145–162|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HgU_Hv427RUC&pg=PA157|access-date=15 June 2015 |chapter=The California Experience: The Segmented Approach}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Wallace|first1=Amy|title=The CEO Higher Learning|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-01-19-tm-19968-story.html|access-date=15 June 2015|work=Los Angeles Times Magazine|publisher=Tribune Publishing|date=19 January 1997}}</ref> [[Kevin Starr]], the seventh [[State Librarian of California]], described CSU in a published history of California in the 1990s as "in so many ways the [[Rodney Dangerfield]] of public higher education".<ref>Kevin Starr, [https://books.google.com/books?id=fw5N5qg5BHQC&pg=PA583 ''Coast of Dreams: California on the Edge, 1990–2003''] (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2004), 583. {{ISBN|9780307795267}}.</ref>

[[File:Julia morgan house.jpg|thumb|right|[[Julia Morgan House]] at Sacramento.]]
According to the [[California Master Plan for Higher Education]] (1960), both university systems may confer [[bachelors]] or [[Master's degree|master's]] degrees as well as professional certifications, however only the University of California has the authority to issue [[Doctor of Philosophy|Ph.D degrees (Doctor of Philosophy)]] and professional degrees in the fields of [[law]], [[medicine]], [[veterinary]], and [[dentistry]].<ref>California State Department of Education (1960). [http://www.ucop.edu/acadinit/mastplan/MasterPlan1960.pdf A Master Plan for Higher Education in California: 1960–1975]. Chapter IV – Students: The Problem of Numbers, p. 46. Retrieved: September 12, 2016.</ref> As a result of legislation introduced in 2005 and 2010 (SB 724 and AB 2382, respectively),<ref>{{Cite web |title=SB-724 Public postsecondary education: California State University: Doctor of Education degrees. |url=https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=200520060SB724 |date=2005-09-22 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240726060529if_/https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=200520060SB724 |archive-date=2024-07-26 |website=California Legislative Information}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=AB-2382 California State University: Doctor of Physical Therapy degrees. |url=https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=200920100AB2382 |date=2010-09-26 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250228211226if_/https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=200920100AB2382 |archive-date=2025-02-28 |website=California Legislative Information}}</ref> the California State University may now offer doctoral degrees in [[Doctor of Education|Education]] and [[Doctor of Physical Therapy|Physical Therapy]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Belle |first1=La |last2=J |first2=Thomas |date=2004 |title=Credential Inflation and The Professional Doctorate in California Higher Education. |url=https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED492535 |journal=Research & Occasional Paper Series: CSHE.1.04 |language=en}}</ref> Additionally, the California State University (CSU) offers Ph.D degrees and some professional doctorates as a joint degree in combination with other institutions of higher education, including joint degrees with the University of California and accredited private universities.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Cantrell Harris |first1=Judith |last2=Williams |first2=Kimberly |date=2001-06-01 |title=Joint doctoral programs: collaboration while co-mingling university missions |url=https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/09513540110384475/full/html |journal=International Journal of Educational Management |language=en |volume=15 |issue=3 |pages=125–130 |doi=10.1108/09513540110384475 |issn=0951-354X|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

There are 23 CSU campuses and 10 UC campuses representing approximately 437,000 and 237,000<ref>{{cite web | url= http://www.ucop.edu/ucophome/uwnews/stat/statsum/fall2011/statsumm2011.pdf | title= The University of California Statistical Summary Fall 2011 | access-date= 23 October 2012 | url-status= dead | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120712192132/http://www.ucop.edu/ucophome/uwnews/stat/statsum/fall2011/statsumm2011.pdf | archive-date= 12 July 2012}}</ref> students respectively. The cost of CSU tuition is approximately half that of UC.
[[File:Walter Pyramid.jpg|thumb|[[Walter Pyramid]] at Long Beach.]]
CSU and UC use the terms "president" and "chancellor" internally in opposite ways: At CSU, the campuses are headed by presidents who report to a systemwide chancellor;<ref name="StandingOrders" /> but at UC, they are headed by chancellors who report to a systemwide president.<ref name="ChancellorBylaw">[https://regents.universityofcalifornia.edu/governance/bylaws/bl31.html Bylaw 31, Chancellors], Bylaws of the Regents of the University of California.</ref>

CSU has traditionally been more accommodating to older students than UC, by offering more degree programs in the evenings and, more recently, online.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lao.ca.gov/reports/2015/budget/higher-education/hed-budget-analysis-022715.aspx|title=The 2015–16 Budget: Higher Education Analysis|website=www.lao.ca.gov|language=en|access-date=2017-04-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=Martin |first1=Isaac |last2=Karabel |first2=Jerome |last3=Jaquez |first3=Sean W. |date=2003-11-01 |title=Unequal Opportunity: Student Access to the University of California |url=https://escholarship.org/uc/item/36h8z95g |language=en}}</ref> In addition, CSU schools, especially in more urban areas, have traditionally catered to commuters, enrolling most of their students from the surrounding area. This has changed as CSU schools increase enrollment and some of the more prestigious urban campuses attract a wider demographic.<ref>{{cite news | last= Saavedra | first= Sherry | title= As SDSU evolves, demand for housing grows; University was built as commuter campus | url= http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20070923/news_1n23house.html | date= September 23, 2007 | newspaper= [[San Diego Union Tribune]] | access-date= 2008-01-18}}</ref>

The majority of CSU campuses operate on the semester system while UC campuses operate on the quarter system, with the exception of [[University of California, Berkeley|UC Berkeley]], [[University of California, Merced|UC Merced]], all UC law schools, and the [[David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA|UCLA medical school]]. As of fall 2014, CSU began converting its six remaining quarter campuses to the semester calendar.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://polycentric.csupomona.edu/news_stories/Weekly%203-18-2013%20FINAL2.pdf |title=Monday's Message |access-date=2013-03-29 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515140349/http://polycentric.csupomona.edu/news_stories/Weekly%203-18-2013%20FINAL2.pdf |archive-date=2013-05-15 }}</ref> Cal State LA and Cal State Bakersfield converted in fall 2016,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://edsource.org/2016/cal-state-joins-national-trend-to-switch-to-15-week-long-semesters/561940|title=Cal State joins national trend to switch to 15-week semesters|website=EdSource|language=en|access-date=2018-05-18}}</ref> while Cal State East Bay and Cal Poly Pomona transitioned to semesters in fall 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.csueastbay.edu/semester/files/docs/minutes/scsc/5-4-18.pdf |title=Meeting Notes May 4, 2018, 2002AB Steering Committee of Semester Conversion |access-date=2018-05-17}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cpp.edu/~academic-programs/Documents/2018-2019_Academic_Calendar_by_Semesters_Detailed_Descriptions_2018-01-25_PresidentApproved.pdf |title=2018–2019 ACADEMIC CALENDAR BY SEMESTERS |access-date=2018-05-17 |archive-date=2018-03-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180328170003/http://www.cpp.edu/~academic-programs/Documents/2018-2019_Academic_Calendar_by_Semesters_Detailed_Descriptions_2018-01-25_PresidentApproved.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Cal State San Bernardino made the conversion in fall 2020,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-10-18 |title=Cal Poly, last CSU operating on a quarter system, announces transition into semester system |url=https://www.ksby.com/news/local-news/cal-poly-last-csu-operating-on-a-quarter-system-announces-transition-into-semester-system |access-date=2024-02-23 |website=KSBY News |language=en}}</ref> while Cal Poly San Luis Obispo announced its conversion by fall 2026.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Raisner |first=Allison |date=2023-11-17 |title=Switch to semester system |url=http://mustangnews.net/switch-to-semester-system/ |access-date=2024-02-23 |website=Mustang News |language=en-US}}</ref>