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Cathode ray
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===Wave-particle duality=== [[Louis de Broglie]] later (1924) suggested in his doctoral dissertation that electrons are like photons and can act as [[Matter wave|waves]]. The wave-like behaviour of cathode rays was later directly demonstrated using reflection from a nickel surface by [[Davisson–Germer experiment|Davisson and Germer]],<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Davisson |first1=C. |last2=Germer |first2=L. H. |date=1927 |title=Diffraction of Electrons by a Crystal of Nickel |journal=Physical Review |volume=30 |issue=6 |pages=705–740 |doi=10.1103/PhysRev.30.705|doi-access=free |bibcode=1927PhRv...30..705D }}</ref> and transmission through celluloid thin films and later metal films by [[George Paget Thomson]] and Alexander Reid<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Thomson |first1=G. P. |last2=Reid |first2=A. |date=1927 |title=Diffraction of Cathode Rays by a Thin Film |journal=Nature |language=en |volume=119 |issue=3007 |pages=890 |doi=10.1038/119890a0 |issn=1476-4687|doi-access=free |bibcode=1927Natur.119Q.890T }}</ref> in 1927. (Alexander Reid, who was Thomson's graduate student, performed the first experiments but he died soon after in a motorcycle accident<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Navarro |first=Jaume |date=2010 |title=Electron diffraction chez Thomson: early responses to quantum physics in Britain |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0007087410000026/type/journal_article |journal=The British Journal for the History of Science |language=en |volume=43 |issue=2 |pages=245–275 |doi=10.1017/S0007087410000026 |issn=0007-0874|url-access=subscription }}</ref> and is rarely mentioned.)
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