Editing Classical Japanese (section)

==== Conjugation table ====

Classical Japanese has the following verb classes and stem forms:

Inflectional form = ({{Color|red|'''stem'''}}) + {{Color|blue|'''Inflectional suffix'''}}
{| class="wikitable style="text-align: center"
! rowspan="2" |Inflectional Class
{{Lang|ja|活用の種類}}
! colspan="7" |Inflectional form
{{Lang|ja|活用形}}
! rowspan="2" |Translation
|-
![[Word stem|stem]]<br />{{Lang|ja|語幹}}
![[wiktionary:未然形|Irrealis]]<br />{{Lang|ja|未然形}}
![[wiktionary:連用形|Infinitive]]<br />{{Lang|ja|連用形}}
![[wiktionary:終止形|Conclusive]]<br />{{Lang|ja|終止形}}
![[wiktionary:連体形|Attributive]]<br />{{Lang|ja|連体形}}
![[wiktionary:已然形|Realis]]<br />{{Lang|ja|已然形}}
![[wiktionary:命令形|Imperative]]<br />{{Lang|ja|命令形}}
|-
![[wiktionary:四段活用|Quadrigrade]]<br />{{Lang|ja|四段}}
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|{{Ruby|聞|き}}}}}} (''-i'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|き}}{{color|blue|か}}}} (''-a'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|き}}{{color|blue|き}}}} (''-i'')
| colspan="2" |{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|き}}{{color|blue|く}}}} (''-u'')
| colspan="2" |{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|き}}{{color|blue|け}}}} (''-e'')
|'hear'
|-
! rowspan="2" |[[wiktionary:上一段活用|Upper Monograde]]<br />{{Lang|ja|上一段}}
| –
| colspan="2" |{{Lang|ja|{{color|blue|み}}}} (''-i'')
| colspan="2" |{{Lang|ja|{{color|blue|{{Ruby|見|み}}る}}}} (''m-iru'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|blue|みれ}}}} (''-ire'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|blue|みよ}}}} (''-i[yo]'')
|'see'
|-
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|{{Ruby|用|もち}}}}}}
| colspan="2" |{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|もち}}{{color|blue|ゐ}}}} (''-wi'')
| colspan="2" |{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|もち}}{{color|blue|ゐる}}}} (''-wiru'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|もち}}{{color|blue|ゐれ}}}} (''-wire'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|もち}}{{color|blue|ゐよ}}}} (''-wiyo'')
|'use'
|-
![[wiktionary:下一段活用|Lower Monograde]]<br />{{Lang|ja|下一段}}
| –
| colspan="2" |{{Lang|ja|{{color|blue|け}}}} (''-e'')
| colspan="2" |{{Lang|ja|{{color|blue|{{Ruby|蹴|け}}る}}}} (''-eru'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|blue|けれ}}}} (''-ere'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|blue|けよ}}}} (''-e[yo]'')
|'kick'
|-
![[wiktionary:上二段活用|Upper Bigrade]]<br />{{Lang|ja|上二段}}
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|{{Ruby|過|す}}}}}}
| colspan="2" |{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|す}}{{color|blue|ぎ}}}} (''-i'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|す}}{{color|blue|ぐ}}}} (''-u'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|す}}{{color|blue|ぐる}}}} (''-uru'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|す}}{{color|blue|ぐれ}}}} (''-ure'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|す}}{{color|blue|ぎよ}}}} (''-iyo'')
|'pass'
|-
![[wiktionary:下二段活用|Lower Bigrade]]<br />{{Lang|ja|下二段}}
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|{{Ruby|受|う}}}}}}
| colspan="2" |{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|う}}{{color|blue|け}}}} (''-e'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|う}}{{color|blue|く}}}} (''-u'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|う}}{{color|blue|くる}}}} (''-uru'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|う}}{{color|blue|くれ}}}} (''-ure'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|う}}{{color|blue|けよ}}}} (''-e[yo]'')
|'receive'
|-
![[wiktionary:カ行変格活用|K-irregular]]<br />{{Lang|ja|カ変}}
| –
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|blue|こ}}}} (''-o'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|blue|き}}}} (''-i'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|blue|{{Ruby|来|く}}}}}} (''-u'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|blue|くる}}}} (''-uru'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|blue|くれ}}}} (''-ure'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|blue|こ}}}} (''-o'')
|'come'
|-
! rowspan="2" |[[wiktionary:サ行変格活用|S-irregular]]<br />{{Lang|ja|サ変}}
| –
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|blue|せ}}}} (''-e'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|blue|し}}}} (''-i'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|blue|{{Ruby|爲|す}}}}}} (''-u'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|blue|する}}}} (''-uru'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|blue|すれ}}}} (''-ure'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|blue|せよ}}}} (''-e[yo]'')
|'do'
|-
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|{{Ruby|期|き}}}}}}
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|き}}{{color|blue|せ}}}} (''-se'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|き}}{{color|blue|し}}}} (''-si'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|き}}{{color|blue|す}}}} (''-su'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|き}}{{color|blue|する}}}} (''-suru'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|き}}{{color|blue|すれ}}}} (''-sure'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|き}}{{color|blue|せよ}}}} (''-seyo'')
|'set the date' 
|-
![[wiktionary:ナ行変格活用|N-irregular]]<br />{{Lang|ja|ナ変}}
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|{{Ruby|死|し}}}}}}
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|し}}{{color|blue|な}}}} (''-a'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|し}}{{color|blue|に}}}} (''-i)''
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|し}}{{color|blue|ぬ}}}} (''-u'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|し}}{{color|blue|ぬる}}}} (''-uru'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|し}}{{color|blue|ぬれ}}}} (''-ure'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|し}}{{color|blue|ね}}}} (''-e'')
|'die'
|-
![[wiktionary:ラ行変格活用|R-irregular]]<br />{{Lang|ja|ラ変}}
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|{{Ruby|有|あ}}}}}}
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|あ}}{{color|blue|ら}}}} (''-a'')
| colspan="2" |{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|あ}}{{color|blue|り}}}} (''-i'')
|{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|あ}}{{color|blue|る}}}} (''-u'')
| colspan="2" |{{Lang|ja|{{color|red|あ}}{{color|blue|れ}}}} (''-e'')
|'be, exist'
|}
Note that most S-irregular is the combination of a noun and {{Lang|ja|{{Ruby|爲|す}}}}; for example,  {{Lang|ja|{{Ruby|期|き}}す}} is a combination of the noun {{Lang|ja|{{Ruby|期|き}}}} ('date') and {{Lang|ja|{{Ruby|爲|す}}}}.

The {{nihongo2|よ}} (''yo'') at the end of the imperative forms is optional in classical Japanese, although exceedingly common.